Deuteronomy 3

Conquests Recounted

1 "1Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og, king of Bashan, with all his people came out to meet us in battle at Edrei.
2 "But the LORD said to me, 'Do not fear him, for I have delivered him and all his people and his land into your hand; and you shall do to him just as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon.'
3 "So the LORD our God delivered Og also, king of Bashan, with all his people into our hand, and we smote them until no survivor was left.
4 "We captured all his cities at that time; there was not a city which we did not take from them: sixty cities, all the region of 2Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
5 "All these were cities fortified with high walls, gates and bars, besides * a great many unwalled towns.
6 "We utterly destroyed them, as we did to 3Sihon king of Heshbon, 4utterly destroying the men, women and children of every city.
7 "5But all the animals and the spoil of the cities we took as our booty.
8 "6Thus we took the land at that time from the hand of the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, from the valley of Arnon to Mount Hermon
9 (Sidonians 7call Hermon 8Sirion, and the Amorites call it 9Senir ):
10 all the cities of the plateau and all Gilead and 10all Bashan, as far as Salecah and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
11 (For only Og king of Bashan was left of the remnant of the 11Rephaim. Behold, his bedstead was an iron bedstead; it is in 12Rabbah of the sons of Ammon. Its length was nine cubits and its width four cubits by ordinary cubit.)
12 "So we took possession of this land at that time. From 13Aroer, which is by the valley of Arnon, and half the hill country of 14Gilead and its cities I gave to the Reubenites and to the Gadites.
13 "The rest of Gilead and all Bashan, the kingdom of Og, I gave to the half-tribe * of Manasseh, all the region of Argob (concerning all Bashan, it is called the land of Rephaim.
14 15Jair the son of Manasseh took all the region of Argob as far as the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and called it, that is, Bashan, after his own name, Havvoth-jair, as it is to this day.)
15 "16To Machir I gave Gilead.
16 "To the Reubenites and to the Gadites I gave from Gilead even as far as the valley of Arnon, the middle of the valley as a border and as far as the river 17Jabbok, the border of the sons of Ammon;
17 the Arabah also, with the Jordan as a border, from 18Chinnereth 19even as far as the sea of the Arabah, 20the Salt Sea, at the foot of the slopes of Pisgah on the east.
18 "Then I commanded you at that time, saying, '21The LORD your God has given you this land to possess it; 22all you valiant men shall cross over armed before your brothers, the sons of Israel.
19 '23But your wives and your little ones and your livestock (I know that you have 24much livestock ) shall remain in your cities which I have given you,
20 25until the LORD gives rest to your fellow countrymen as to you, and they also possess the land which the LORD your God will give them beyond the Jordan. 26Then you may return every man to his possession which I have given you.'
21 "I commanded Joshua at that time, saying, 'Your eyes have seen all that the LORD your God has done to these two kings; so the LORD shall do to all the kingdoms into which you are about to cross.
22 'Do not fear them, for the LORD your God 27is the one fighting for you.'
23 "I also pleaded with the LORD at that time, saying,
24 'O Lord GOD, You have begun to show Your servant 28Your greatness and Your strong hand; for what 29god is there in heaven or on earth who can do such works and mighty acts as Yours?
25 'Let me, I pray, cross over and see the 30fair land that is beyond the Jordan, that good hill country and Lebanon.'
26 "But 31the LORD was angry with me on your account, and would not listen to me; and the LORD said to me, 'Enough! Speak to Me no more * of this matter.
27 'Go up to the top of 32Pisgah and lift up your eyes to the west and north and south and east, and see it with your eyes, 33for you shall not cross over this Jordan.
28 '34But charge Joshua and encourage him and strengthen him, 35for he shall go across at the head of this people, and he will give them as an inheritance the land which you will see.'
29 "So we remained in the valley opposite 36Beth-peor.

Deuteronomy 3 Commentary

Chapter 3

The conquest of Og king of Bashan. (1-11) The land of Gilead and Bashan. (12-20) Moses encourages Joshua. (21-29)

Verse 1 1-11 Og was very powerful, but he did not take warning by the ruin of Sihon, and desire conditions of peace. He trusted his own strength, and so was hardened to his destruction. Those not awakened by the judgments of God on others, ripen for the like judgments on themselves.

Verses 12-20 This country was settled on the Reubenites, Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh: see ( Numbers 32 ) . Moses repeats the condition of the grant to which they agreed. When at rest, we should desire to see our brethren at rest too, and should be ready to do what we can towards it; for we are not born for ourselves, but are members one of another.

Verses 21-29 Moses encouraged Joshua, who was to succeed him. Thus the aged and experienced in the service of God, should do all they can to strengthen the hands of those who are young, and setting out in religion. Consider what God has done, what God has promised. If God be for us, who can be against us, so as to prevail? We reproach our Leader if we follow him trembling. Moses prayed, that, if it were God's will, he might go before Israel, over Jordan into Canaan. We should never allow any desires in our hearts, which we cannot in faith offer up to God by prayer. God's answer to this prayer had a mixture of mercy and judgment. God sees it good to deny many things we desire. He may accept our prayers, yet not grant us the very things we pray for. It God does not by his providence give us what we desire, yet if by his grace he makes us content without, it comes to much the same. Let it suffice thee to have God for thy Father, and heaven for thy portion, though thou hast not every thing thou wouldst have in the world. God promised Moses a sight of Canaan from the top of Pisgah. Though he should not have the possession of it, he should have the prospect of it. Even great believers, in this present state, see heaven but at a distance. God provided him a successor. It is a comfort to the friends of the church of Christ, to see God's work likely to be carried on by others, when they are silent in the dust. And if we have the earnest and prospect of heaven, let these suffice us; let us submit to the Lord's will, and speak no more to Him of matters which he sees good to refuse us.

Cross References 36

  • 1. Numbers 21:33-35
  • 2. Deuteronomy 3:13, 14; 1 Kings 4:13
  • 3. Deuteronomy 1:4
  • 4. Deuteronomy 2:34
  • 5. Deuteronomy 2:35
  • 6. Numbers 32:33; Joshua 12:1-7; Joshua 13:8-12
  • 7. Deuteronomy 4:48; Joshua 11:17; Psalms 42:6; Psalms 133:3
  • 8. Psalms 29:6
  • 9. 1 Chronicles 5:23
  • 10. Joshua 13:11
  • 11. Genesis 14:5; Deuteronomy 2:11, 20
  • 12. 2 Samuel 11:1; 2 Samuel 12:26; Jeremiah 49:2
  • 13. Deuteronomy 2:36
  • 14. Numbers 32:32-38; Joshua 13:8-13
  • 15. Numbers 32:41; 1 Chronicles 2:22
  • 16. Numbers 32:39, 40
  • 17. Numbers 21:24; Deuteronomy 2:37
  • 18. Numbers 34:11; Joshua 13:27
  • 19. Joshua 12:3
  • 20. Genesis 14:3; Joshua 3:16
  • 21. Joshua 1:13
  • 22. Numbers 32:20; Joshua 4:12, 13
  • 23. Joshua 1:14
  • 24. Exodus 12:38
  • 25. Joshua 1:15
  • 26. Joshua 22:4
  • 27. Exodus 14:14; Deuteronomy 1:30; Deuteronomy 20:4; Nehemiah 4:20
  • 28. Deuteronomy 11:2
  • 29. Exodus 8:10; Exodus 15:11; 2 Samuel 7:22; Psalms 71:19; Psalms 86:8
  • 30. Deuteronomy 4:22
  • 31. Deuteronomy 1:37
  • 32. Numbers 23:14; Numbers 27:12
  • 33. Deuteronomy 1:37
  • 34. Numbers 27:18; Deut 31:3, 7, 8, 23
  • 35. Deuteronomy 1:38
  • 36. Numbers 25:1-3; Deuteronomy 4:46; Deuteronomy 34:6

Footnotes 25

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 3

In this chapter the account is carried on of the conquest of the Amorites by Israel, of Og king of Bashan, and his kingdom, De 3:1-11, and of the distribution of their country to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh, De 1:12-17 and then the command to the said tribes is observed, to go out armed before their brethren, and assist them in the conquest of the land of Canaan, and then return to their possessions, De 3:18-20 and also that to Joshua not to fear, but to do to the Canaanitish kings and kingdoms what he had seen done to the two kings of the Amorites, De 3:21,22. After which Moses relates the request he made, to go over Jordan and see the good land, which was denied him, only he is bidden to look from the top of an hill to see it, De 3:23-27. And the chapter is closed with the charge he was to give Joshua, De 3:28 which was received in the valley where they abode, De 3:29.

Deuteronomy 3 Commentaries

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