Psaume 40

1 Au maître-chantre. Psaume de David.

2 J'ai patiemment attendu l'Éternel; il s'est incliné vers moi, il a entendu mes cris.

3 Il m'a fait remonter de la fosse de destruction, du bourbier fangeux; il a posé mes pieds sur le roc, il a affermi mes pas.

4 Et il a mis dans ma bouche un nouveau chant de louange à notre Dieu. Plusieurs le verront, et auront de la crainte, et se confieront en l'Éternel.

5 Heureux l'homme qui place en l'Éternel sa confiance, et ne se tourne pas vers les orgueilleux, vers ceux qui s'adonnent au mensonge!

6 Éternel, mon Dieu, tu as multiplié tes merveilles et tes pensées en notre faveur; nul ne peut être comparé à toi. Veux-je les publier et les dire? Elles sont trop nombreuses pour les raconter.

7 Tu ne prends plaisir ni au sacrifice, ni à l'offrande; tu m'as percé les oreilles; tu ne demandes point d'holocauste, ni de sacrifice pour le péché.

8 Alors j'ai dit: Voici, je viens; il est écrit de moi dans le rouleau de ton livre.

9 Mon Dieu, j'ai pris plaisir à faire ta volonté, et ta loi est au-dedans de mes entrailles.

10 J'ai annoncé ta justice dans la grande assemblée; voici, je ne tiens pas mes lèvres fermées, tu le sais, ô Éternel!

11 Je n'ai point renfermé ta justice au-dedans de mon cœur; j'ai dit ta fidélité et ta délivrance; je n'ai point caché ta bonté ni ta vérité à la grande assemblée.

12 Toi donc, ô Éternel, ne me ferme pas tes compassions! Que ta bonté et ta vérité me gardent continuellement!

13 Car des maux sans nombre m'ont environné; mes iniquités m'ont atteint, et je ne puis les voir; elles surpassent en nombre les cheveux de ma tête, et le cœur me manque.

14 Éternel, veuille me délivrer! Éternel, accours à mon aide!

15 Que tous ceux qui cherchent ma vie pour la ravir, soient confus et qu'ils rougissent! Que tous ceux qui prennent plaisir à mon mal, retournent en arrière et soient confus!

16 Qu'ils soient stupéfaits dans leur confusion, ceux qui disent de moi: Ah! ah!

17 Que tous ceux qui te cherchent s'égaient et se réjouissent en toi; que ceux qui aiment ta délivrance disent sans cesse: Magnifié soit l'Éternel!

18 Pour moi, je suis affligé et misérable; le Seigneur aura soin de moi. Tu es mon aide et mon libérateur. Mon Dieu, ne tarde point!

Psaume 40 Commentary

Chapter 40

Confidence for deliverance. (1-5) Christ's work of redemption. (6-10) Prayer for mercy and grace. (11-17)

Verses 1-5 Doubts and fears about the eternal state, are a horrible pit and miry clay, and have been so to many a dear child of God. There is power enough in God to help the weakest, and grace enough to help the unworthiest of all that trust in him. The psalmist waited patiently; he continued believing, hoping, and praying. This is applicable to Christ. His agony, in the garden and on the cross, was a horrible pit and miry clay. But those that wait patiently for God do not wait in vain. Those that have been under religious melancholy, and by the grace of God have been relieved, may apply ver. Verse 2 very feelingly to themselves; they are brought up out of a horrible pit. Christ is the Rock on which a poor soul can alone stand fast. Where God has given stedfast hope, he expects there should be a steady, regular walk and conduct. God filled the psalmist with joy, as well as peace in believing. Multitudes, by faith beholding the sufferings and glory of Christ, have learned to fear the justice and trust in the mercy of God through Him. Many are the benefits with which we are daily loaded, both by the providence and by the grace of God.

Verses 6-10 The psalmist foretells that work of wonder, redemption by our Lord Jesus Christ. The Substance must come, which is Christ, who must bring that glory to God, and that grace to man, which it was impossible the sacrifices should ever do. Observe the setting apart of our Lord Jesus to the work and office of Mediator. In the volume, or roll, of the book it was written of him. In the close rolls of the Divine decrees and counsel, the covenant of redemption was recorded. Also, in all the volumes of the Old Testament something was written of him, ( John 19:28 ) . Now the purchase of our salvation is made, the proclamation is sent forth, calling us to come and accept it. It was preached freely and openly. Whoever undertook to preach the gospel of Christ, would be under great temptation to conceal it; but Christ, and those he calls to that work, are carried on in it. May we believe his testimony, trust his promise, and submit to his authority.

Verses 11-17 The best saints see themselves undone, unless continually preserved by the grace of God. But see the frightful view the psalmist had of sin. This made the discovery of a Redeemer so welcome. In all his reflections upon each step of his life, he discovered something amiss. The sight and sense of our sins in their own colours, must distract us, if we have not at the same time some sight of a Saviour. If Christ has triumphed over our spiritual enemies, then we, through him, shall be more than conquerors. This may encourage all that seek God and love his salvation, to rejoice in him, and to praise him. No griefs nor poverty can render those miserable who fear the Lord. Their God, and all that he has or does, is the ground of their joy. The prayer of faith can unlock his fulness, which is adapted to all their wants. The promises are sure, the moment of fulfilment hastens forward. He who once came in great humility, shall come again in glorious majesty.

Chapter Summary

To the chief Musician, a Psalm of David. Jarchi interprets this psalm of the Israelites, and of their deliverance and song at the Red sea. The title of it, in the Syriac version, is, "A psalm of David according to the letter, when Shemaiah brought the names of those who minister in the house of the Lord;" see 1 Chronicles 24:6; according to Kimchi, the subject of this psalm is the same with that of the two preceding; and R. Obadiah thinks it was composed by David, when he was recovered of a leprosy; but though it might be written by David, it was not written concerning himself, or on his own account, but of another. The title of this psalm is somewhat different from others in the order of the words; whereas it is usually put "a psalm of," or "for David"; here it is, "for David, a psalm"; and may be rendered, as Ainsworth observes, "a psalm concerning David"; not literally, but typically understood; not concerning David himself, but concerning his antitype and son, who is called by his name, Ezekiel 37:24; and that it is to be interpreted of him is evident from the application of Psalm 39:6, unto him by the apostle in Hebrews 10:5; and the whole of it is applicable to him; some apply it to Jeremiah in the dungeon, and others to Daniel in the den, as Theodoret observes.