Hebreos 9:11-28

La sangre de Cristo

11 Cristo, por el contrario, al presentarse como sumo sacerdote de los bienes definitivos^[a] en el tabernáculo más excelente y perfecto, no hecho por manos humanas (es decir, que no es de esta creación),

12 entró una sola vez y para siempre en el Lugar Santísimo. No lo hizo con sangre de machos cabríos y becerros, sino con su propia sangre, logrando así un rescate eterno.

13 La sangre de machos cabríos y de toros, y las cenizas de una novilla rociadas sobre personas impuras, las santifican de modo que quedan limpias por fuera.

14 Si esto es así, ¡cuánto más la sangre de Cristo, quien por medio del Espíritu eterno se ofreció sin mancha a Dios, purificará nuestra conciencia de las obras que conducen a la muerte, a fin de que sirvamos al Dios viviente!

15 Por eso Cristo es mediador de un nuevo pacto, para que los llamados reciban la herencia eterna prometida, ahora que él ha muerto para liberarlos de los pecados cometidos bajo el primer pacto.

16 En el caso de un testamento,^[b] es necesario constatar la muerte del testador,

17 pues un testamento solo adquiere validez cuando el testador muere, y no entra en vigor mientras vive.

18 De ahí que ni siquiera el primer pacto se haya establecido sin sangre.

19 Después de promulgar todos los mandamientos de la ley a todo el pueblo, Moisés tomó la sangre de los becerros junto con agua, lana escarlata y ramas de hisopo, y roció el libro de la ley y a todo el pueblo,

20 diciendo: «Esta es la sangre del pacto que Dios ha mandado que ustedes cumplan».^[c]

21 De la misma manera roció con la sangre el tabernáculo y todos los objetos que se usaban en el culto.

22 De hecho, la ley exige que casi todo sea purificado con sangre, pues sin derramamiento de sangre no hay perdón.

23 Así que era necesario que las copias de las realidades celestiales fueran purificadas con esos sacrificios, pero que las realidades mismas lo fueran con sacrificios superiores a aquellos.

24 En efecto, Cristo no entró en un santuario hecho por manos humanas, simple copia del verdadero santuario, sino en el cielo mismo, para presentarse ahora ante Dios en favor nuestro.

25 Ni entró en el cielo para ofrecerse vez tras vez, como entra el sumo sacerdote en el Lugar Santísimo cada año con sangre ajena.

26 Si así fuera, Cristo habría tenido que sufrir muchas veces desde la creación del mundo. Al contrario, ahora, al final de los tiempos, se ha presentado una sola vez y para siempre a fin de acabar con el pecado mediante el sacrificio de sí mismo.

27 Y así como está establecido que los seres humanos mueran una sola vez, y después venga el juicio,

28 también Cristo fue ofrecido en sacrificio una sola vez para quitar los pecados de muchos; y aparecerá por segunda vez, ya no para cargar con pecado alguno, sino para traer salvación a quienes lo esperan.

Hebreos 9:11-28 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO HEBREWS 9

The apostle having, in the former chapter, taken notice of the first covenant, in this proceeds to show what belonged to it, that it had service performed under it, and a place in which it was performed, Heb 9:1 and he begins with the latter, which he distinguishes into two parts, and shows what was in each of them; in the first, which was the holy place, were a candlestick, table, and shewbread; in the second, which was the holiest of all, were a golden censer, the ark of the covenant, the golden pot of manna, Aaron's rod, the tables of the covenant, and the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat, Heb 9:2-5. And next he speaks of the service performed in these places; in the first, the holy place, the common priests entered every day, doing service, as offering sacrifice Heb 9:6 and in the second, the holy of holies, only the high priest entered into, and that but once a year, with blood of slain beasts, which he offered for his own sins, and the sins of the people, Heb 9:7 and this being shut up, and entered into but once a year, was an indication from the Holy Ghost, that the way into the holiest of all, which this was then a figure of, was not yet made manifest, while the tabernacle or temple was standing, in which sacrifices were offered, which could not perfect the offerer of them, or remove guilt from his conscience, Heb 9:8,9 which shows the imperfection of that priesthood, it consisting of meats, drinks, baptisms, and carnal ordinances imposed on the Jewish nation until the times of the Messiah, Heb 9:10 which are now come, and in which there is an accomplishment of all those types and figures; Christ was typified by the high priest; and he is come as such, and the good things, the law was a shadow of, are come by him; who came into the world by the assumption of human nature, a more perfect tabernacle than the type of it was; and now having obtained eternal redemption for his people, he is gone into heaven, the most holy place, not as the high priest, with the blood of slain beasts, but with his own blood, Heb 9:11,12 the efficacy of which blood is argued from the lesser to the greater, that if the blood of beasts, and water of separation, sanctified and purified externally, then much more must the blood of Christ purge the conscience from sin, that it may serve God, since Christ offered himself to God without spot, through the eternal Spirit, Heb 9:13,14. The necessity of Christ's shedding his blood, or of his death, is proved from his being the Mediator of the new covenant, which required the redemption of transgressions under the first testament, that called ones might have the promise of the eternal inheritance, Heb 9:15. And this is reasoned from the nature of testaments or wills among men, which make the death of the testator necessary, they being of no force while he lives, only after his death, Heb 9:16,17. And this is further illustrated by the first testament being dedicated by blood, and everything belonging to it purged by it, the book, the people, the tabernacle, and all the vessels of it; nor is there any remission of sin, whether typical or real, without shedding of blood, Heb 9:18-22 wherefore, as it was necessary that the patterns and types of heavenly things should be purified in this manner; it must be more so, that the antitypes should be purified with better sacrifices, even with the sacrifice of Christ, Heb 9:23 and accordingly Christ is entered into heaven itself, of which the holy places in the tabernacle were figures, there to present and plead his sacrifice on account of his people, Heb 9:24 not that it was necessary that he should offer up himself again, or often, as the high priest, his type, went every year into the holy place with the blood of others; for then he must have often suffered since the world began, of which there was no need, since his appearing once in the end of the world, to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself, is sufficient, Heb 9:25,26 for as it is the appointment of God, that men should die but once, and then come to judgment, so it was only necessary that Christ should be offered once to bear the sins of all his people, and then appear a second time without any sin at all upon him, to the salvation of those that look for him, Heb 9:27,28.

Footnotes

• [a]. "definitivos" . Var. "venideros" .
• [b]. En griego la misma palabra se emplea para "pacto " y para "testamento" ; también en v. 17.
• [c]. Éx 24:8