Isaia 7

1 Or avvenne ai giorni d’Achaz, figliuolo di Jotham, figliuolo d’Uzzia, re di Giuda, che Retsin, re di Siria, e Pekah, figliuolo di Remalia, re d’Israele, salirono contro Gerusalemme per muoverle guerra; ma non riuscirono ad espugnarla.

2 E fu riferito alla casa di Davide questa notizia: "La Siria s’è confederata con Efraim". E il cuore d’Achaz e il cuore del suo popolo furono agitati, come gli alberi della foresta sono agitati dal vento.

3 Allora l’Eterno disse ad Isaia: "Va’ incontro ad Achaz, tu con Scear-Jashub, tuo figliuolo, verso l’estremità dell’acquedotto dello stagno superiore, sulla strada del campo del gualchieraio e digli:

4 Guarda di startene calmo e tranquillo, non temere e non ti s’avvilisca il cuore a motivo di questi due avanzi di tizzone fumanti, a motivo dell’ira ardente di Retsin e della Siria e del figliuolo di Remalia.

5 Siccome la Siria, Efraim e il figliuolo di Remalia meditano del male a tuo danno, dicendo

6 Saliamo contro Giuda, terrorizzandolo, apriamovi una breccia e proclamiamo re in mezzo ad esso il figliuolo di Tabbeel,

7 così dice il Signore, l’Eterno: Questo non avrà effetto; non succederà;

8 poiché Damasco è il capo della Siria, e Retsin è il capo di Damasco. Fra sessantacinque anni Efraim sarà fiaccato in guisa che non sarà più popolo.

9 E Samaria è il capo d’Efraim, e il figliuolo di Remalia è il capo di Samaria. Se voi non avete fede, certo, non potrete sussistere".

10 L’Eterno parlò di nuovo ad Achaz e gli disse:

11 "Chiedi un segno all’Eterno, al tuo Dio! chiedilo giù nei luoghi sotterra o nei luoghi eccelsi!"

12 Achaz rispose: "Io non chiederò nulla; non tenterò l’Eterno".

13 E Isaia disse: "Or ascoltate, o casa di Davide! E’ egli poca cosa per voi lo stancar degli uomini, che volete stancare anche l’Iddio mio?

14 Perciò il Signore stesso vi darà un segno: Ecco, la giovane concepirà, partorirà un figliuolo e gli porrà nome Emmanuele.

15 Egli mangerà crema e miele finché sappia riprovare il male e scegliere il bene.

16 Ma prima che il fanciullo sappia riprovare il male e scegliere il bene, il paese del quale tu paventi i due re, sarà devastato.

17 L’Eterno farà venire su te, sul tuo popolo e sulla casa di tuo padre dei giorni, come non s’ebbero mai dal giorno che Efraim s’è separato da Giuda: vale a dire, il re d’Assiria.

18 E in quel giorno l’Eterno fischierà alle mosche che sono all’estremità de’ fiumi d’Egitto, e alle api che sono nel paese d’Assiria.

19 Esse verranno e si poseranno tutte nelle valli deserte, nelle fessure delle rocce, su tutti gli spini e su tutti i pascoli.

20 In quel giorno, il Signore, con un rasoi preso a nolo di là dal fiume, cioè col re d’Assiria, raderà la testa, i peli delle gambe, e porterà via anche la barba.

21 In quel giorno avverrà che uno nutrirà una giovine vacca e due pecore,

22 ed esse daranno tale abbondanza di latte, che egli mangerà della crema; poiché crema e miele mangerà chiunque sarà rimasto superstite in mezzo al paese.

23 In quel giorno, ogni terreno contenente mille viti del valore di mille sicli d’argento, sarà abbandonato in balìa de’ rovi e de’ pruni.

24 Vi s’entrerà con le freccie e con l’arco, perché tutto il paese non sarà che rovi e pruni.

25 E tutti i colli che si dissodavan con la vanga, non saran più frequentati per timore de’ rovi e dei pruni; vi si lasceran andare i buoi, e le pecore ne calpesteranno il suolo".

Isaia 7 Commentary

Chapter 7

Ahaz threatened by Israel and Syria; and is assured their attack would be in vain. (1-9) God gives a sure sign by the promise of the long-expected Messiah. (10-16) The folly and sin of seeking relief from Assyria are reproved. (17-25)

Verses 1-9 Ungodly men are often punished by others as bad as themselves. Being in great distress and confusion, the Jews gave up all for lost. They had made God their enemy, and knew not how to make him their friend. The prophet must teach them to despise their enemies, in faith and dependence on God. Ahaz, in fear, called them two powerful princes. No, says the prophet, they are but tails of smoking firebrands, burnt out already. The two kingdoms of Syria and Israel were nearly expiring. While God has work for the firebrands of the earth, they consume all before them; but when their work is fulfilled, they will be extinguished in smoke. That which Ahaz thought most formidable, is made the ground of their defeat; because they have taken evil counsel against thee; which is an offence to God. God scorns the scorners, and gives his word that the attempt should not succeed. Man purposes, but God disposes. It was folly for those to be trying to ruin their neighbours, who were themselves near to ruin. Isaiah must urge the Jews to rely on the assurances given them. Faith is absolutely necessary to quiet and compose the mind in trials.

Verses 10-16 Secret disaffection to God is often disguised with the colour of respect to him; and those who are resolved that they will not trust God, yet pretend they will not tempt him. The prophet reproved Ahaz and his court, for the little value they had for Divine revelation. Nothing is more grievous to God than distrust, but the unbelief of man shall not make the promise of God of no effect; the Lord himself shall give a sign. How great soever your distress and danger, of you the Messiah is to be born, and you cannot be destroyed while that blessing is in you. It shall be brought to pass in a glorious manner; and the strongest consolations in time of trouble are derived from Christ, our relation to him, our interest in him, our expectations of him and from him. He would grow up like other children, by the use of the diet of those countries; but he would, unlike other children, uniformly refuse the evil and choose the good. And although his birth would be by the power of the Holy Ghost, yet he should not be fed with angels' food. Then follows a sign of the speedy destruction of the princes, now a terror to Judah. "Before this child," so it may be read; "this child which I have now in my arms," (Shear-jashub, the prophet's own son, ver. ( Isaiah 7:3 ) ,) shall be three or four years older, these enemies' forces shall be forsaken of both their kings. The prophecy is so solemn, the sign is so marked, as given by God himself after Ahaz rejected the offer, that it must have raised hopes far beyond what the present occasion suggested. And, if the prospect of the coming of the Divine Saviour was a never-failing support to the hopes of ancient believers, what cause have we to be thankful that the Word was made flesh! May we trust in and love Him, and copy his example.

Verses 17-25 Let those who will not believe the promises of God, expect to hear the alarms of his threatenings; for who can resist or escape his judgments? The Lord shall sweep all away; and whomsoever he employs in any service for him, he will pay. All speaks a sad change of the face of that pleasant land. But what melancholy change is there, which sin will not make with a people? Agriculture would cease. Sorrows of every kind will come upon all who neglect the great salvation. If we remain unfruitful under the means of grace, the Lord will say, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforth for ever.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO ISAIAH 7

This chapter contains a prophecy of the preservation of the kingdom of Judah, from its enemies; a confirmation of it by a sign; and a prediction of various calamities that should come upon it, antecedent to the accomplishment of that sign. The enemies of Judea are named, and the besieging of Jerusalem by them, and the date of it, which was without effect, are mentioned, Isa 7:1 the fear and dread which seized the house of David upon the news of this confederacy, Isa 7:2 the orders given by the Lord to the Prophet Isaiah, to take with him his son, and meet Ahaz, at a certain place pointed at, Isa 7:3 whose errand was to comfort him, and exhort him to be quiet and easy; since the conspiracy formed against him should be fruitless, and the kingdom of Israel should be broken to pieces, Isa 7:4-9 after which the king is put upon asking a sign of the Lord, for the confirmation of it; which he refusing to do, under a pretence of tempting the Lord, is reproved; and a sign nevertheless is given; which is that of the birth of the Messiah of a virgin, who would be truly God, as his name Immanuel shows, and truly man, as his birth, his food, and gradual knowledge of good and evil, prove, Isa 7:10-15 yea, it is suggested that the deliverance of Judea from the two kings of Syria and Israel should be very speedy; even before the young child Isaiah had with him was capable of knowing to refuse evil, and chose good, Isa 7:16 but as a chastisement of the house of David for their incredulity in this matter, and slight of the divine goodness, various things are threatened to befall them, before the birth of the Messiah; even such as had not been since the revolt of the ten tribes; as that their enemies, the Assyrians and others, should come upon them in great numbers, and fill all places, so that they would be in the utmost distress, and not be able to escape, Isa 7:17-19 there would be a great consumption of men of all sorts, high and low, signified by shaving off the hair of the head, beard, and feet; so that the few that remained would enjoy plenty, Isa 7:20-22 and for want of men to till the land, it would be covered with thorns and briers; and because of wild beasts, the few men in it would be obliged to defend themselves with bows and arrows, Isa 7:23,24 and yet, after this, the land should become fruitful again, before the Messiah's coming, Isa 7:25, as some interpret it.