Ezekiel 17:18

18 For he despised the oath, that he should break the bond of peace, and lo! he gave his hand; and when he hath done all these things, he shall not escape. (For he had so despised the oath, that he broke the covenant, or the treaty, and lo! he had raised up his hand, or he had sworn an oath to it; and now that he hath done all these things, he shall not escape.)

Ezekiel 17:18 Meaning and Commentary

Ezekiel 17:18

Seeing he despised the oath, by breaking the covenant
This is repeated again, to show the heinousness of the sin Zedekiah had been guilty of, and what was the cause of his ruin: when, lo, he had given his hand;
to the king of Babylon, to testify his hearty agreement with him, and that he might depend upon the oath and covenant being sacredly observed by him. This was a rite for custom frequently and early used in different nations, when covenants and agreements were entered into; we find it used in the times of Homer {z}; and among the Romans. When Antoninus, Lepidus, and Octavius made peace, the historian says ^F1, they joined their hands together. Virgil

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FOOTNOTES:

F2 speaks of the same ceremony used by Anchises to Achaemenides, for confirmation of friendship. Though some understand this of his giving the hand to Pharaoh king of Egypt, and entering into an alliance with him, and broke the covenant and oath made to the king of Babylon; and so the Targum,

``and, lo, he stretched out his hand to Pharaoh:''

and hath done all these [things];
been guilty of such and so many crimes, as ingratitude, perjury, covenant breaking, and vain confidence: he shall not escape;
divine vengeance, just and proper punishment for his sins.
F26 (ceirav t' allhlwn labethn kai pistwsate) , Iliad. 6.
F1 Florus, Hist. Rom. Gest. l. 4. c. 5.
F2 "Ipse pater dextram Anchises, haud malta moratur, Dat juveni atque animum praesenti pignore firmat". Aeneid. l. 3. prope finem.

Ezekiel 17:18 In-Context

16 (As) I live, saith the Lord God, for in the place of the king that made him king (for there in the place of the king who made him king), whose oath he made void, and brake the covenant, which he had with him, (there) in the midst of Babylon he shall die.

17 And not in great host, neither in much people, Pharaoh shall make battle against him, in the casting of [an heap of] earth, and in building of pales, that he slay many persons. (And not with a great army, nor with a great many people, shall Pharaoh make battle against him, in the throwing up of heaps of earth, and in the building of stockades, that he kill many people.)

18 For he despised the oath, that he should break the bond of peace, and lo! he gave his hand; and when he hath done all these things, he shall not escape. (For he had so despised the oath, that he broke the covenant, or the treaty, and lo! he had raised up his hand, or he had sworn an oath to it; and now that he hath done all these things, he shall not escape.)

19 Therefore the Lord God saith these things, (As) I live, for I shall set on his head the oath which he despised, and the bond of peace which he brake (and the covenant which he broke).

20 And I shall spread abroad my net [up]on him, and he shall be taken in my net, and I shall bring him into Babylon; and there I shall deem him in the trespassing, by which he despised me (and there I shall judge him for the trespassing, by which he despised me).