Proverbs 23

1 When thou sittest to eat with a ruler, Thou considerest diligently that which [is] before thee,

2 And thou hast put a knife to thy throat, If thou [art] a man of appetite.

3 Have no desire to his dainties, seeing it [is] lying food.

4 Labour not to make wealth, From thine own understanding cease, Dost thou cause thine eyes to fly upon it? Then it is not

5 For wealth maketh to itself wings, As an eagle it flieth to the heavens.

6 Eat not the bread of an evil eye, And have no desire to his dainties,

7 For as he hath thought in his soul, so [is] he, `Eat and drink,' saith he to thee, And his heart [is] not with thee.

8 Thy morsel thou hast eaten thou dost vomit up, And hast marred thy words that [are] sweet.

9 In the ears of a fool speak not, For he treadeth on the wisdom of thy words.

10 Remove not a border of olden times, And into fields of the fatherless enter not,

11 For their Redeemer [is] strong, He doth plead their cause with thee.

12 Bring in to instruction thy heart, And thine ear to sayings of knowledge.

13 Withhold not from a youth chastisement, When thou smitest him with a rod he dieth not.

14 Thou with a rod smitest him, And his soul from Sheol thou deliverest

15 My son, if thy heart hath been wise, My heart rejoiceth, even mine,

16 And my reins exult when thy lips speak uprightly.

17 Let not thy heart be envious at sinners, But -- in the fear of Jehovah all the day.

18 For, is there a posterity? Then thy hope is not cut off.

19 Hear thou, my son, and be wise, And make happy in the way thy heart

20 Be not thou among quaffers of wine, Among gluttonous ones of flesh,

21 For the quaffer and glutton become poor, And drowsiness clotheth with rags

22 Hearken to thy father, who begat thee, And despise not thy mother when she hath become old.

23 Truth buy, and sell not, Wisdom, and instruction, and understanding,

24 The father of the righteous rejoiceth greatly, The begetter of the wise rejoiceth in him.

25 Rejoice doth thy father and thy mother, Yea, she that bare thee is joyful.

26 Give, my son, thy heart to me, And let thine eyes watch my ways.

27 For a harlot [is] a deep ditch, And a strange woman [is] a strait pit.

28 She also, as catching prey, lieth in wait, And the treacherous among men she increaseth.

29 Who hath wo? who hath sorrow? Who hath contentions? who hath plaint? Who hath wounds without cause? Who hath redness of eyes?

30 Those tarrying by the wine, Those going in to search out mixed wine.

31 See not wine when it showeth itself red, When it giveth in the cup its colour, It goeth up and down through the upright.

32 Its latter end -- as a serpent it biteth, And as a basilisk it stingeth.

33 Thine eyes see strange women, And thy heart speaketh perverse things.

34 And thou hast been as one lying down in the heart of the sea, And as one lying down on the top of a mast.

35 `They smote me, I have not been sick, They beat me, I have not known. When I awake -- I seek it yet again!'

Proverbs 23 Commentary

Chapter 23

Verses 1-3 God's restraints of the appetite only say, Do thyself no ( proverbs 23:4-5 ) this world are not happiness and a portion for a soul; those that hold them ever so fast, cannot hold them always, cannot hold them long. ( 6-8 ) . Do not make thyself burdensome to any, especially those not sincere. When we are called by God to his feast, and to let our souls delight themselves, Isa. 25:6 Isa. 55:2 |, we may safely partake of the Bread of life. Verse 9 . It is our duty to take all fit occasions to speak of Divine things; but if what a wise man says will not be heard, let him hold his ( proverbs 23:10-11 ) protection. He is their Redeemer, who will take their part; and he is mighty, almighty.

Verses 12-16 Here is a parent instructing his child to give his mind to the Scriptures. Here is a parent correcting his child: accompanied with prayer, and blessed of God, it may prove a means of preventing his destruction. Here is a parent encouraging his child, telling him what would be for his good. And what a comfort it would be, if herein he answered his ( proverbs 23:17-18 ) disappointed; the end of his trials, and of the sinner's prosperity, is at hand.

Verses 19-28 The gracious Saviour who purchased pardon and peace for his people, with all the affection of a tender parent, counsels us to hear and be wise, and is ready to guide our hearts in his way. Here we have an earnest call to young people, to attend to the advice of their godly parents. If the heart be guided, the steps will be guided. Buy the truth, and sell it not; be willing to part with any thing for it. Do not part with it for pleasures, honours, riches, or any thing in this world. The heart is what the great God requires. We must not think to divide the heart between God and the world; he will have all or none. Look to the rule of God's word, the conduct of his providence, and the good examples of his people. Particular cautions are given against sins most destructive to wisdom and grace in the soul. It is really a shame to make a god of the belly. Drunkenness stupifies men, and then all goes to ruin. Licentiousness takes away the heart that should be given to God. Take heed of any approaches toward this sin, it is very hard to retreat from it. It bewitches men to their ruin.

Verses 29-35 Solomon warns against drunkenness. Those that would be kept from sin, must keep from all the beginnings of it, and fear coming within reach of its allurements. Foresee the punishment, what it will at last end in, if repentance prevent not. It makes men quarrel. Drunkards wilfully make woe and sorrow for themselves. It makes men impure and insolent. The tongue grows unruly; the heart utters things contrary to reason, religion, and common civility. It stupifies and besots men. They are in danger of death, of damnation; as much exposed as if they slept upon the top of a mast, yet feel secure. They fear no peril when the terrors of the Lord are before them; they feel no pain when the judgments of God are actually upon them. So lost is a drunkard to virtue and honour, so wretchedly is his conscience seared, that he is not ashamed to say, I will seek it again. With good reason we were bid to stop before the beginning. Who that has common sense would contract a habit, or sell himself to a sin, which tends to such guilt and misery, and exposes a man every day to the danger of dying insensible, and awaking in hell? Wisdom seems in these chapters to take up the discourse as at the beginning of the book. They must be considered as the words of Christ to the sinner.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO 1 KINGS 11

This chapter relates the false steps Solomon took, notwithstanding all his wisdom, in marrying strange wives, and worshipping other gods, 1Ki 11:1-8 upon which the Lord threatens him to rend the kingdom in his son's time, 1Ki 11:9-13 and he raised up adversaries against him, Hadad, Rezon, and Jeroboam, 1Ki 11:14-26 of which last an account is given, and of his being assured by Ahijah the prophet of his having ten of the tribes of Israel given to him; which Solomon having notice of sought to slay him, 1Ki 11:27-40 and the chapter is concluded with an account of Solomon's death and burial, 1Ki 11:41-43.