Genesis 49:2-27

2 Come together and listen, sons of Jacob; listen to your father Israel:
3 Reuben, you are my firstborn, my strength and the firstfruits of my virility, excelling in prominence, excelling in power.
4 Turbulent as water, you will no longer excel, because you got into your father's bed[a] and you defiled it-he[b] got into my bed.
5 Simeon and Levi are brothers; their knives are vicious weapons.[c]
6 May I never enter their council; may I never join their assembly. For in their anger they kill men, and on a whim they hamstring oxen.
7 Their anger is cursed, for it is strong, and their fury, for it is cruel! I will disperse them throughout Jacob and scatter them throughout Israel.
8 Judah, your brothers will praise you. Your hand will be on the necks of your enemies; your father's sons will bow down to you.
9 Judah is a young lion- my son, you return from the kill- he crouches; he lies down like a lion and like a lioness-who wants to rouse him?
10 The scepter will not depart from Judah, or the staff from between his feet, until He whose right it is comes[d] [e] and the obedience of the peoples belongs to Him.
11 He ties his donkey to a vine, and the colt of his donkey to the choice vine. He washes his clothes in wine, and his robes in the blood of grapes.
12 His eyes are darker than wine, and his teeth are whiter than milk.
13 Zebulun will live by the seashore and will be a harbor for ships, and his territory will be next to Sidon.[f]
14 Issachar is a strong donkey lying down between the saddlebags.[g]
15 He saw that his resting place was good and that the land was pleasant, so he leaned his shoulder to bear a load and became a forced laborer.
16 Dan will judge his people as one of the tribes of Israel.
17 He will be a snake by the road, a viper beside the path, that bites the horses' heels so that its rider falls backwards.
18 I wait for Your salvation, Lord.
19 Gad will be attacked by [marauding] bands, but he will attack their heels.
20 Asher's[h] food will be rich, and he will produce royal delicacies.
21 Naphtali is a doe set free that bears beautiful fawns.
22 Joseph is a fruitful vine, a fruitful vine beside a spring; its branches[i] climb over the wall.[j]
23 The archers attacked him, shot at him, and were hostile toward him.
24 Yet his bow remained steady, and his strong[k] arms were made agile by the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob, by the name of[l] the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel,
25 by the God of your father who helps you, and by the Almighty who blesses you with blessings of the heavens above, blessings of the deep that lies below, and blessings of the breasts and the womb.
26 The blessings of your father excel the blessings of my ancestors[m] and[n] the bounty of the eternal hills.[o] May they rest on the head of Joseph, on the crown of the prince of his brothers.
27 Benjamin is a wolf; he tears [his prey]. In the morning he devours the prey, and in the evening he divides the plunder."

Genesis 49:2-27 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 49

This chapter contains a prophecy of future things, relating to the twelve sons of Jacob, and to the twelve tribes, as descending from them, and which he delivered to his sons on his death bed, having called them together for that purpose, Ge 49:1,2, he begins with Reuben his firstborn, whose incest he takes notice of, on which account he should not excel, Ge 49:3,4, next Simeon and Levi have a curse denounced on them for their cruelty at Shechem, Ge 49:5,6, but Judah is praised, and good things prophesied of him; and particularly that Shiloh, or the Messiah, should spring from him, the time of whose coming is pointed at, Ge 49:7-12, the predictions concerning Zebulun, Issachar, and Dan, follow, at the close of which Jacob expresses his longing expectation of God's salvation, Ge 49:13-18 and after foretelling what should befall Gad, Asher, and Naphtali, Ge 49:19-21, a large account is given of Joseph, his troubles, his trials, and his blessings, Ge 49:22-26, and Benjamin the youngest son is taken notice of last of all, all the tribes being blessed in their order according to the nature of their blessing, Ge 49:27,28, and the chapter is closed with a charge of Jacob's to his sons to bury him in Canaan, which having delivered, he died, Ge 49:29-33.

Footnotes 15

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