2 Samuel 22:31-51

31 This God--1his way is perfect; the 2word of the LORD proves true; he is 3a shield for all those who take refuge in him.
32 "For who is God, but the LORD? 4And who is a rock, except our God?
33 This God is my 5strong refuge and has made my[a] way blameless.[b]
34 6He made my feet like the feet of a deer and set me secure 7on the heights.
35 8He trains my hands for war, so that my arms can bend a bow of bronze.
36 You have given me the shield of your salvation, and your gentleness made me great.
37 9You gave a wide place for my steps under me, and my feet[c] did not slip;
38 I pursued my enemies and destroyed them, and did not turn back until they were consumed.
39 I consumed them; I thrust them through, so that they did not rise; they fell 10under my feet.
40 For you equipped me with strength for the battle; you made 11those who rise against me sink under me.
41 You 12made my enemies turn their backs to me,[d] those who hated me, and I destroyed them.
42 They looked, but there was none to save; they cried to the LORD, but 13he did not answer them.
43 I beat them fine 14as the dust of the earth; I crushed them and stamped them down 15like the mire of the streets.
44 "You delivered me from strife with my people;[e] you kept me as the head of 16the nations; 17people whom I had not known served me.
45 Foreigners came cringing to me; as soon as they heard of me, they obeyed me.
46 Foreigners lost heart and came trembling[f]18out of their fortresses.
47 "The LORD lives, and blessed be my rock, and exalted be 19my God, 20the rock of my salvation,
48 the God who gave me vengeance and 21brought down peoples under me,
49 who brought me out from my enemies; you exalted me above 22those who rose against me; you delivered me from 23men of violence.
50 24"For this I will praise you, O LORD, among the nations, and sing praises to your name.
51 25Great salvation he brings[g] to his king, and shows steadfast love to 26his anointed, to David and his offspring 27forever."

2 Samuel 22:31-51 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO SECOND SAMUEL 22

This chapter contains a song or psalm, the same with the eighteenth psalm, and which, according to Jarchi, was composed by David in his old age, and, as Kimchi says, at the end or close of his days; but Abarbinel is of opinion that it was written in his youthful time, in the midst of his troubles, and was sung by him as often as he had a deliverance from any; and which may account for the several variations in it from the eighteenth psalm, which, the same writer observes, are seventy four; and are not to be ascribed to the difference of copies, or neglect of copiers: and very probably, towards the close of his days, he revised it, and made it fit for general use, and sent it with the rest of his psalms to the chief musician; but the particular consideration of it, and of the differences in it from Ps 18:1-50 are referred to the exposition of that book in its course.

Cross References 27

  • 1. Deuteronomy 32:4; Matthew 5:48
  • 2. Proverbs 30:5
  • 3. ver. 3; Psalms 5:12; Psalms 33:20; Psalms 59:11; Psalms 84:9
  • 4. See ver. 2
  • 5. ver. 2; Psalms 28:8; Psalms 31:3, 4
  • 6. See 2 Samuel 2:18
  • 7. Deuteronomy 32:13; Deuteronomy 33:29; Isaiah 58:14
  • 8. Psalms 144:1
  • 9. Proverbs 4:12
  • 10. [Malachi 4:3]
  • 11. Psalms 44:5; Psalms 59:1
  • 12. Exodus 23:27
  • 13. 1 Samuel 28:6; Proverbs 1:28; [Isaiah 1:15; Micah 3:4]
  • 14. 2 Kings 13:7
  • 15. Isaiah 10:6; Micah 7:10; Zechariah 10:5
  • 16. See 2 Samuel 8:1-14
  • 17. Isaiah 55:5
  • 18. Micah 7:17
  • 19. ver. 3, 32
  • 20. Deuteronomy 32:15; Psalms 89:26; Psalms 95:1
  • 21. Psalms 144:2
  • 22. [See ver. 40 above]
  • 23. Psalms 140:1
  • 24. Cited Romans 15:9
  • 25. [Psalms 144:10]
  • 26. [1 Samuel 16:12, 13; Psalms 89:20]
  • 27. 2 Samuel 7:12, 13; Psalms 89:29

Footnotes 7

  • [a]. Or his; also verse 34
  • [b]. Compare Psalm 18:32; Hebrew he has blamelessly set my way free, or he has made my way spring up blamelessly
  • [c]. Hebrew ankles
  • [d]. Or You gave me my enemies' necks
  • [e]. Septuagint with the peoples
  • [f]. Compare Psalm 18:45; Hebrew equipped themselves
  • [g]. Or He is a tower of salvation
The English Standard Version is published with the permission of Good News Publishers.