Giobbe 31

1 Io avevo stretto un patto con gli occhi miei; come dunque avrei fissati gli sguardi sopra una vergine?

2 Che parte mi avrebbe assegnata Iddio dall’alto e quale eredità m’avrebbe data l’Onnipotente dai luoghi eccelsi?

3 La sventura non è ella per il perverso e le sciagure per quelli che fanno il male?

4 Iddio non vede egli le mie vie? non conta tutti i miei passi?

5 Se ho camminato insieme alla menzogna, se il piede mio s’è affrettato dietro alla frode

6 (Iddio mi pesi con bilancia giusta e riconoscerà la mia integrità)

7 se i miei passi sono usciti dalla retta via, se il mio cuore è ito dietro ai miei occhi, se qualche sozzura mi s’è attaccata alle mani,

8 ch’io semini e un altro mangi, e quel ch’è cresciuto nei miei campi sia sradicato!

9 Se il mio cuore s’è lasciato sedurre per amor d’una donna, se ho spiato la porta del mio prossimo,

10 che mia moglie giri la macina ad un altro, e che altri abusino di lei!

11 Poiché quella è una scelleratezza, un misfatto punito dai giudici,

12 un fuoco che consuma fino a perdizione, e che avrebbe distrutto fin dalle radici ogni mia fortuna.

13 Se ho disconosciuto il diritto del mio servo e della mia serva, quand’eran meco in lite,

14 che farei quando Iddio si levasse per giudicarmi, e che risponderei quando mi esaminasse?

15 Chi fece me nel seno di mia madre non fece anche lui? non ci ha formati nel seno materno uno stesso Iddio?

16 Se ho rifiutato ai poveri quel che desideravano, se ho fatto languire gli occhi della vedova,

17 se ho mangiato da solo il mio pezzo di pane senza che l’orfano ne mangiasse la sua parte,

18 io che fin da giovane l’ho allevato come un padre, io che fin dal seno di mia madre sono stato guida alla vedova,

19 se ho visto uno perire per mancanza di vesti o il povero senza una coperta,

20 se non m’hanno benedetto i suoi fianchi, ed egli non s’è riscaldato colla lana dei miei agnelli,

21 se ho levato la mano contro l’orfano perché mi sapevo sostenuto alla porta…

22 che la mia spalla si stacchi dalla sua giuntura, il mio braccio si spezzi e cada!

23 E invero mi spaventava il castigo di Dio, ed ero trattenuto dalla maestà di lui.

24 Se ho riposto la mia fiducia nell’oro, se all’oro fino ho detto: "Tu sei la mia speranza",

25 se mi son rallegrato che le mie ricchezze fosser grandi e la mia mano avesse molto accumulato,

26 se, contemplando il sole che raggiava e la luna che procedeva lucente nel suo corso,

27 il mio cuore, in segreto, s’è lasciato sedurre e la mia bocca ha posato un bacio sulla mano

28 (misfatto anche questo punito dai giudici ché avrei difatti rinnegato l’Iddio ch’è di sopra),

29 se mi son rallegrato della sciagura del mio nemico ed ho esultato quando gli ha incolto sventura

30 (io, che non ho permesso alle mie labbra di peccare chiedendo la sua morte con imprecazione),

31 se la gente della mia tenda non ha detto: "Chi è che non si sia saziato della carne delle sue bestie?"

32 (lo straniero non passava la notte fuori; le mie porte erano aperte al viandante),

33 se, come fan gli uomini, ho coperto i miei falli celando nel petto la mia iniquità,

34 perché avevo paura della folla e dello sprezzo delle famiglie al punto da starmene queto e non uscir di casa…

35 Oh, avessi pure chi m’ascoltasse!… ecco qua la mia firma! l’Onnipotente mi risponda! Scriva l’avversario mio la sua querela,

36 ed io la porterò attaccata alla mia spalla, me la cingerò come un diadema!

37 Gli renderò conto di tutt’i miei passi, a lui m’appresserò come un principe!

38 Se la mia terra mi grida contro, se tutti i suoi solchi piangono,

39 se ne ho mangiato il frutto senza pagarla, se ho fatto sospirare chi la coltivava,

40 che invece di grano mi nascano spine, invece d’orzo mi crescano zizzanie!" Qui finiscono i discorsi di Giobbe.

Giobbe 31 Commentary

Chapter 31

Job declares his uprightness. (1-8) His integrity. (9-15) Job merciful. (16-23) Job not guilty of covetousness or idolatry. (24-32) Job not guilty of hypocrisy and violence. (33-40)

Verses 1-8 Job did not speak the things here recorded by way of boasting, but in answer to the charge of hypocrisy. He understood the spiritual nature of God's commandments, as reaching to the thoughts and intents of the heart. It is best to let our actions speak for us; but in some cases we owe it to ourselves and to the cause of God, solemnly to protest our innocence of the crimes of which we are falsely accused. The lusts of the flesh, and the love of the world, are two fatal rocks on which multitudes split; against these Job protests he was always careful to stand upon his guard. And God takes more exact notice of us than we do of ourselves; let us therefore walk circumspectly. He carefully avoided all sinful means of getting wealth. He dreaded all forbidden profit as much as all forbidden pleasure. What we have in the world may be used with comfort, or lost with comfort, if honestly gotten. Without strict honestly and faithfulness in all our dealings, we can have no good evidence of true godliness. Yet how many professors are unable to abide this touchstone!

Verses 9-15 All the defilements of the life come from a deceived heart. Lust is a fire in the soul: those that indulge it, are said to burn. It consumes all that is good there, and lays the conscience waste. It kindles the fire of God's wrath, which, if not quenched by the blood of Christ, will consume even to eternal destruction. It consumes the body; it consumes the substance. Burning lusts bring burning judgments. Job had a numerous household, and he managed it well. He considered that he had a Master in heaven; and as we are undone if God should be severe with us, we ought to be mild and gentle towards all with whom we have to do.

Verses 16-23 Job's conscience gave testimony concerning his just and charitable behaviour toward the poor. He is most large upon this head, because in this matter he was particularly accused. He was tender of all, and hurtful to none. Notice the principles by which Job was restrained from being uncharitable and unmerciful. He stood in awe of the Lord, as certainly against him, if he should wrong the poor. Regard to worldly interests may restrain a man from actual crimes; but the grace of God alone can make him hate, dread, and shun sinful thoughts and desires.

Verses 24-32 Job protests, 1. That he never set his heart upon the wealth of this world. How few prosperous professors can appeal to the Lord, that they have not rejoiced because their gains were great! Through the determination to be rich, numbers ruin their souls, or pierce themselves with many sorrows. 2. He never was guilty of idolatry. The source of idolatry is in the heart, and it corrupts men, and provokes God to send judgments upon a nation. 3. He neither desired nor delighted in the hurt of the worst enemy he had. If others bear malice to us, that will not justify us in bearing malice to them. 4. He had never been ( 1 Peter. 4:9 )

Verses 33-40 Job clears himself from the charge of hypocrisy. We are loth to confess our faults, willing to excuse them, and to lay the blame upon others. But he that thus covers his sins, shall not prosper, ( Proverbs 28:13 ) . He speaks of his courage in what is good, as an evidence of his sincerity in it. When men get estates unjustly, they are justly deprived of comfort from them; it was sown wheat, but shall come up thistles. What men do not come honestly by, will never do them any good. The words of Job are ended. They end with a bold assertion, that, with respect to accusation against his moral and religious character as the cause for his sufferings, he could appeal to God. But, however confident Job was, we shall see he was mistaken, chap. 40:4, chap. 40:5 ; 1Jo. 1:8 . Let us all judge ourselves; wherein we are guilty, let us seek forgiveness in that blood which cleanseth from all sin; and may the Lord have mercy upon us, and write his laws in our hearts!

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO JOB 31

In this chapter Job gives an account of himself in private life, of the integrity and uprightness of his life, and his holy walk and conversation, with this view, that it might be thought that the afflictions which were upon him were not on account of a vicious course of life he had indulged unto, as was suggested; and he clears himself from various crimes which it might be insinuated he was guilty of, as from unchastity; and he observes the method he took to prevent his falling into it, and the reasons that dissuaded him from it, Job 31:1-4; from injustice in his dealings with men, Job 31:5-8; from the sin of adultery, Job 31:9-12; from ill usage of his servants, Job 31:13-15; from unkindness to the poor, which he enlarges upon, and gives many instances of his charity to them, Job 31:16-23; from covetousness, and a vain confidence in wealth, Job 31:24,25; from idolatry, the worship of the sun and moon, Job 31:26-28; from a revengeful spirit, Job 31:29-31; and from inhospitality to strangers, Job 31:32; from covering his sin, Job 31:33; and fear of men, Job 31:34; and then wishes his cause might be heard before God, Job 31:35-37; and the chapter is closed with an imprecation on his head if guilty of any injustice, Job 31:38-40.