Numeri 11

1 Or il popolo fece giungere empi mormorii agli orecchi dell’Eterno; e come l’Eterno li udì, la sua ira si accese, il fuoco dell’Eterno divampò fra loro e divorò l’estremità del campo.

2 E il popolo gridò a Mosè; Mosè pregò l’Eterno, e il fuoco si spense.

3 E a quel luogo fu posto nome Taberah, perché il fuoco dell’Eterno avea divampato fra loro.

4 E l’accozzaglia di gente raccogliticcia ch’era tra il popolo, fu presa da concupiscenza; e anche i figliuoli d’Israele ricominciarono a piagnucolare e a dire: "Chi ci darà da mangiare della carne?

5 Ci ricordiamo de’ pesci che mangiavamo in Egitto per nulla, de’ cocomeri, de’ poponi, de’ porri, delle cipolle e degli agli.

6 E ora l’anima nostra e inaridita; non c’è più nulla! gli occhi nostri non vedono altro che questa manna".

7 Or la manna era simile al seme di coriandolo e avea l’aspetto del bdellio.

8 Il popolo andava attorno a raccoglierla; poi la riduceva in farina con le macine o la pestava nel mortaio, la faceva cuocere in pentole o ne faceva delle focacce, e aveva il sapore d’una focaccia con l’olio.

9 Quando la rugiada cadeva sul campo, la notte, vi cadeva anche la manna.

10 E Mosè udì il popolo che piagnucolava, in tutte le famiglie, ognuno all’ingresso della propria tenda; l’ira dell’Eterno si accese gravemente, e la cosa dispiacque anche a Mosè.

11 E Mosè disse all’Eterno: "Perché hai trattato così male il tuo servo? perché non ho io trovato grazia agli occhi tuoi, che tu m’abbia messo addosso il carico di tutto questo popolo?

12 L’ho forse concepito io tutto questo popolo? o l’ho forse dato alla luce io, che tu mi dica: Portalo sul tuo seno, come il balio porta il bimbo lattante, fino al paese che tu hai promesso con giuramento ai suoi padri?

13 Donde avrei io della carne da dare a tutto questo popolo? Poiché piagnucola dietro a me, dicendo: Dacci da mangiar della carne!

14 Io non posso, da me solo, portare tutto questo popolo; è un peso troppo grave per me.

15 E se mi vuoi trattare così, uccidimi, ti prego; uccidimi, se ho trovato grazia agli occhi tuoi; e ch’io non vegga la mia sventura!"

16 E l’Eterno disse a Mosè: "Radunami settanta uomini degli anziani d’Israele, conosciuti da te come anziani del popolo e come aventi autorità sovr’esso; conducili alla tenda di convegno, e vi si presentino con te.

17 Io scenderò e parlerò quivi teco; prenderò dello spirito che è su te e lo metterò su loro, perché portino con te il carico del popolo, e tu non lo porti più da solo.

18 E dirai al popolo: Santificatevi per domani, e mangerete della carne, poiché avete pianto agli orecchi dell’Eterno, dicendo: Chi ci farà mangiar della carne? Stavamo pur bene in Egitto! Ebbene, l’Eterno vi darà della carne, e voi ne mangerete.

19 E ne mangerete, non per un giorno, non per due giorni, non per cinque giorni, non per dieci giorni, non per venti giorni, ma per un mese intero,

20 finché vi esca per le narici e vi faccia nausea poiché avete rigettato l’Eterno che è in mezzo a voi, e avete pianto davanti a lui, dicendo: Perché mai siamo usciti dall’Egitto?"

21 E Mosè disse: "Questo popolo, in mezzo al quale mi trovo, novera seicentomila adulti, e tu hai detto: Io darò loro della carne, e ne mangeranno per un mese intero!

22 Si scanneranno per loro greggi ed armenti in modo che n’abbiano abbastanza? o si radunerà per loro tutto il pesce del mare in modo che n’abbiano abbastanza?"

23 E l’Eterno rispose a Mosè: "La mano dell’Eterno è forse raccorciata? Ora vedrai se la parola che t’ho detta s’adempia o no".

24 Mosè dunque uscì e riferì al popolo le parole dell’Eterno; e radunò settanta uomini degli anziani del popolo, e li pose intorno alla tenda.

25 E l’Eterno scese nella nuvola e gli parlò; prese dello spirito ch’era su lui, e lo mise sui settanta anziani; e avvenne che quando lo spirito si fu posato su loro, quelli profetizzarono, ma non continuarono.

26 Intanto, due uomini, l’uno chiamato Eldad e l’altro Medad, erano rimasti nel campo, e lo spirito si posò su loro; erano fra gl’iscritti, ma non erano usciti per andare alla tenda; e profetizzarono nel campo.

27 Un giovine corse a riferire la cosa a Mosè, e disse: "Eldad e Medad profetizzano nel campo".

28 Allora Giosuè, figliuolo di Nun, servo di Mosè dalla sua giovinezza, prese a dire: "Mosè, signor mio, non glielo permettere!"

29 Ma Mosè gli rispose: "Sei tu geloso per me? Oh! fossero pur tutti profeti nel popolo dell’Eterno, e volesse l’Eterno metter su loro lo spirito suo!"

30 E Mosè si ritirò nel campo, insieme con gli anziani d’Israele.

31 E un vento si levò, per ordine dell’Eterno, e portò delle quaglie dalla parte del mare, e le fe’ cadere presso il campo, sulla distesa di circa una giornata di cammino da un lato e una giornata di cammino dall’altro intorno al campo, e a un’altezza di circa due cubiti sulla superficie del suolo.

32 E il popolo si levò, e tutto quel giorno e tutta la notte e tutto il giorno seguente raccolse le quaglie. Chi ne raccolse meno n’ebbe dieci omer; e se le distesero tutt’intorno al campo.

33 Ne avevano ancora la carne fra i denti e non l’aveano peranco masticata, quando l’ira dell’Eterno s’accese contro il popolo, e l’Eterno percosse il popolo con una gravissima piaga.

34 E a quel luogo fu dato il nome di Kibroth-Hattaava, perché vi si seppellì la gente ch’era stata presa dalla concupiscenza.

35 Da Kibroth-Hattaava il popolo partì per Hatseroth, e a Hatseroth si fermò.

Numeri 11 Commentary

Chapter 11

The burning at Taberah. (1-3) The people lust for flesh, and loathe the manna. (4-9) Moses complains of his charge. (10-15) Elders appointed to divide the charge. Flesh meat promised. (16-23) The Spirit rests on the elders. (24-30) Quails are given. (31-35)

Verses 1-3 Here is the people's sin; they complained. See the sinfulness of sin, which takes occasion from the commandment to be provoking. The weakness of the law discovered sin, but could not destroy it; checked, but could not conquer it. They complained. Those who are of a discontented spirit, will always find something to quarrel or fret about, though the circumstances of their outward condition be ever so favourable. The Lord heard it, though Moses did not. God knows the secret frettings and murmurings of the heart, though concealed from men. What he noticed, he was much displeased with, and he chastised them for this sin. The fire of their wrath against God burned in their minds; justly did the fire of God's wrath fasten on their bodies; but God's judgments came on them gradually, that they might take warning. It appeared that God delights not in punishing; when he begins, he is soon prevailed with to let it fall.

Verses 4-9 Man, having forsaken his proper rest, feels uneasy and wretched, though prosperous. They were weary of the provision God had made for them, although wholesome food and nourishing. It cost no money or care, and the labour of gathering it was very little indeed; yet they talked of Egypt's cheapness, and the fish they ate there freely; as if that cost them nothing, when they paid dearly for it with hard service! While they lived on manna, they seemed exempt from the curse sin has brought on man, that in the sweat of his face he should eat bread; yet they speak of it with scorn. Peevish, discontented minds will find fault with that which has no fault in it, but that it is too good for them. Those who might be happy, often make themselves miserable by discontent. They could not be satisfied unless they had flesh to eat. It is evidence of the dominion of the carnal mind, when we want to have the delights and satisfaction of sense. We should not indulge in any desire which we cannot in faith turn into prayer, as we cannot when we ask meat for our lust. What is lawful of itself becomes evil, when God does not allot it to us, yet we desire it.

Verses 10-15 The provocation was very great; yet Moses expressed himself otherwise than became him. He undervalued the honour God had put upon him. He magnified his own performances, while he had the Divine wisdom to direct him, and Almighty power to dispense rewards and punishments. He speaks distrustfully of the Divine grace. Had the work been much less he could not have gone through it in his own strength; but had it been much greater, through God strengthening him, he might have done it. Let us pray, Lord, lead us not into temptation.

Verses 16-23 Moses is to choose such as he knew to be elders, that is, wise and experienced men. God promises to qualify them. If they were not found fit for the employ, they should be made fit. Even the discontented people shall be gratified too, that every mouth may be stopped. See here, I. The vanity of all the delights of sense; they will cloy, but they will not satisfy. Spiritual pleasures alone will satisfy and last. As the world passes away, so do the lusts of it. 2. What brutish sins gluttony and drunkenness are! they make that to hurt the body which should be its health. Moses objects. Even true and great believers sometimes find it hard to trust God under the discouragements of second causes, and against hope to believe in hope. God here brings Moses to this point, The Lord God is Almighty; and puts the proof upon the issue, Thou shalt see whether my word shall come to pass or not. If he speaks, it is done.

Verses 24-30 We have here the fulfilment of God's word to Moses, that he should have help in the government of Israel. He gave of his Spirit to the seventy elders. They discoursed to the people of the things of God, so that all who heard them might say, that God was with them of a truth. Two of the elders, Eldad and Medad, went not out unto the tabernacle, as the rest, being sensible of their own weakness and unworthiness. But the Spirit of God found them in the camp, and there they exercised their gift of praying, preaching, and praising God; they spake as moved by the Holy Ghost. The Spirit of God is not confined to the tabernacle, but, like the wind, blows where He listeth. And they that humble themselves shall be exalted; and those who are most fit for government, are least ambitious of it. Joshua does not desire that they should be punished, but only restrained for the future. This motion he made out of zeal for what he thought to be the unity of the church. He would have them silenced, lest they should occasion a schism, or should rival Moses; but Moses was not afraid of any such effects from that Spirit which God had put upon them. Shall we reject those whom Christ has owned, or restrain any from doing good, because they are not in every thing of our mind? Moses wishes all the Lord's people were prophets, that he would put his Spirit upon all of them. Let the testimony of Moses be believed by those who desire to be in power; that government is a burden. It is a burden of care and trouble to those who make conscience of the duty of it; and to those who do not, it will prove a heavier burden in the day of account. Let the example of Moses be followed by those in power; let them not despise the advice and assistance of others, but desire it, and be thankful for it. If all the present number of the Lord's people were rendered prophets, or ministers, by the Spirit of Christ, though not all agreed in outward matters, there is work enough for all, in calling sinners to repentance, and faith in our Lord Jesus.

Verses 31-35 God performed his promise to the people, in giving them flesh. How much more diligent men are in collecting the meat that perishes, than in labouring for meat which endures to everlasting life! We are quick-sighted in the affairs of time; but stupidity blinds us as to the concerns of eternity. To pursue worldly advantages, we need no arguments; but when we are to secure the true riches, then we are all forgetfulness. Those who are under the power of a carnal mind, will have their lusts fulfilled, though it be to the certain damage and ruin of their precious souls. They paid dearly for their feasts. God often grants the desires of sinners in wrath, while he denies the desires of his own people in love. What we unduly desire, if we obtain it, we have reason to fear, will be some way or other a grief and cross to us. And what multitudes there are in all places, who shorten their lives by excess of one kind or other! Let us seek for those pleasures which satisfy, but never surfeit; and which will endure for evermore.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 11

This chapter informs us of the complaints of the people of Israel, which brought the fire of the Lord upon them, and consumed many of them; and which, at the intercession of Moses, was quenched, and the place from thence called Taberah, Nu 11:1-3; and of the lusting of the mixed multitude after flesh, to increase which, they called to mind their food in Egypt; and to show their folly and ingratitude in so doing, the manna is described, Nu 11:4-9; and of the uneasiness of Moses, and his complaints of the heavy burden of the people upon him, Nu 11:10-15; and to make him easy, it is promised, that seventy of the elders of Israel should partake of his spirit, and assist in bearing the burden, Nu 11:16,17; and that the people should have flesh to serve them a whole month, Nu 11:18-20; at which last Moses expressed some degree of unbelief, Nu 11:21-23; however God fulfilled his promise with respect to both. Some of the spirit of Moses was taken and given to seventy elders, who prophesied, and two men are particularly taken notice of, who did so, Nu 11:24-30; quails in great numbers were brought by a wind to the people; but while they were eating them wrath came upon them, and they were smitten with a plague, whence the place was called Kibrothhattaavah, Nu 11:31-34; and from thence they removed to Hazeroth, Nu 11:35.