Numbers 13:3-26

3 So at the LORD’s command Moses sent them out from the Desert of Paran. All of them were leaders of the Israelites.
4 These are their names: from the tribe of Reuben, Shammua son of Zakkur;
5 from the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat son of Hori;
6 from the tribe of Judah, Caleb son of Jephunneh;
7 from the tribe of Issachar, Igal son of Joseph;
8 from the tribe of Ephraim, Hoshea son of Nun;
9 from the tribe of Benjamin, Palti son of Raphu;
10 from the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel son of Sodi;
11 from the tribe of Manasseh (a tribe of Joseph), Gaddi son of Susi;
12 from the tribe of Dan, Ammiel son of Gemalli;
13 from the tribe of Asher, Sethur son of Michael;
14 from the tribe of Naphtali, Nahbi son of Vophsi;
15 from the tribe of Gad, Geuel son of Maki.
16 These are the names of the men Moses sent to explore the land. (Moses gave Hoshea son of Nun the name Joshua.)
17 When Moses sent them to explore Canaan, he said, “Go up through the Negev and on into the hill country.
18 See what the land is like and whether the people who live there are strong or weak, few or many.
19 What kind of land do they live in? Is it good or bad? What kind of towns do they live in? Are they unwalled or fortified?
20 How is the soil? Is it fertile or poor? Are there trees in it or not? Do your best to bring back some of the fruit of the land.” (It was the season for the first ripe grapes.)
21 So they went up and explored the land from the Desert of Zin as far as Rehob, toward Lebo Hamath.
22 They went up through the Negev and came to Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai and Talmai, the descendants of Anak, lived. (Hebron had been built seven years before Zoan in Egypt.)
23 When they reached the Valley of Eshkol,[a] they cut off a branch bearing a single cluster of grapes. Two of them carried it on a pole between them, along with some pomegranates and figs.
24 That place was called the Valley of Eshkol because of the cluster of grapes the Israelites cut off there.
25 At the end of forty days they returned from exploring the land.

Report on the Exploration

26 They came back to Moses and Aaron and the whole Israelite community at Kadesh in the Desert of Paran. There they reported to them and to the whole assembly and showed them the fruit of the land.

Numbers 13:3-26 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 13

In this chapter an order is given by the Lord, to send twelve men into the land of Canaan, to search and spy it, and which was accordingly executed, Nu 13:1-3; and the names of the twelve persons are given, Nu 13:4-16; the instructions they received from Moses, what part of the land they should enter into first, and what observations they should make on it, Nu 13:17-20; which they attended to, and on their return brought some of the fruit of the land with them, Nu 13:21-26; and gave an account of it, that it was a very fruitful land, but the inhabitants mighty, and their cities walled, Nu 13:27-29; which threw the people into confusion, but that they were stilled by Caleb, one of the spies, who encouraged them, Nu 13:30; but all the rest, excepting Joshua, brought an ill report of it, as not to be subdued and conquered by them, Nu 13:31-33.

Cross References 27

  • 1. Numbers 1:16
  • 2. ver 30; Numbers 14:6,24; Numbers 34:19; Deuteronomy 1:36; Judges 1:12-15
  • 3. S Numbers 11:28
  • 4. S ver 2
  • 5. ver 8
  • 6. Deuteronomy 32:44
  • 7. ver 2; Joshua 14:7
  • 8. S Genesis 12:9
  • 9. Deuteronomy 1:7; Joshua 9:1; Judges 1:9
  • 10. Deuteronomy 1:25
  • 11. S Leviticus 25:5
  • 12. Numbers 20:1; Numbers 27:14; Numbers 33:36; Deuteronomy 32:51; Joshua 15:1
  • 13. Joshua 19:28; Judges 1:31; Judges 18:28; 2 Samuel 10:6; 1 Chronicles 6:75
  • 14. Numbers 34:8; Joshua 13:5; Judges 3:3; 1 Kings 8:65; 2 Kings 14:25; 1 Chronicles 13:5; 2 Chronicles 7:8; Jeremiah 52:9; Ezekiel 47:16,20; Amos 6:14
  • 15. S Genesis 13:18; S Genesis 23:19
  • 16. Joshua 15:14; Judges 1:10
  • 17. ver 28; Deuteronomy 2:10; Deuteronomy 9:2; Joshua 11:21; Joshua 15:13; Judges 1:20
  • 18. Psalms 78:12,43; Isaiah 19:11,13; Isaiah 30:4; Ezekiel 30:14
  • 19. S Genesis 14:13
  • 20. S Exodus 28:33
  • 21. Genesis 3:7; Numbers 20:5; Deuteronomy 8:8; 2 Kings 18:31; Nehemiah 13:15
  • 22. S Genesis 7:4
  • 23. Numbers 14:34
  • 24. S Genesis 14:7
  • 25. S Genesis 14:6
  • 26. Numbers 32:8
  • 27. Deuteronomy 1:25

Footnotes 1

  • [a]. "Eshkol" means "cluster" ; also in verse 24.
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