Rut 1

1 Aconteció que en los días en que gobernaban ^[a] los jueces, hubo hambre en el país. Y un hombre de Belén de Judá fue a residir en los campos de Moab con su mujer y sus dos hijos.

2 Aquel hombre se llamaba Elimelec, y su mujer se llamaba Noemí. Los nombres de sus dos hijos eran Mahlón y Quelión, efrateos de Belén de Judá. Y llegaron a los campos de Moab y allí se quedaron.

3 Y murió Elimelec, marido de Noemí, y quedó ella con sus dos hijos.

4 Y ellos se casaron con mujeres moabitas; el nombre de una era Orfa y el nombre de la otra Rut. Y habitaron allí unos diez años.

5 Murieron también los dos, Mahlón y Quelión, y la mujer quedó privada de sus dos hijos y de su marido.

6 Entonces se levantó con sus nueras para regresar de la tierra de Moab, porque ella había oído en la tierra de Moab que el SEÑOR había visitado a su pueblo dándole alimento.

7 Salió, pues, del lugar donde estaba, y sus dos nueras con ella, y se pusieron en camino para volver a la tierra de Judá.

8 Y Noemí dijo a sus dos nueras: Id, volveos cada una a la casa de vuestra madre. Que el SEÑOR tenga misericordia de vosotras como vosotras la habéis tenido con los muertos y conmigo.

9 Que el SEÑOR os conceda que halléis descanso, cada una en la casa de su marido. Entonces las besó, y ellas alzaron sus voces y lloraron,

10 y le dijeron: No, sino que ciertamente volveremos contigo a tu pueblo.

11 Pero Noemí dijo: Volveos, hijas mías. ¿Por qué queréis ir conmigo? ¿Acaso tengo aún hijos en mis entrañas para que sean vuestros maridos?

12 Volveos, hijas mías. Id, porque soy demasiado vieja para tener marido. Si dijera que tengo esperanza, y si aun tuviera un marido esta noche y también diera a luz hijos,

13 ¿esperaríais por eso hasta que fueran mayores? ¿Dejaríais vosotras de casaros por eso? No, hijas mías, porque eso es más difícil para mí que para vosotras, pues la mano del SEÑOR se ha levantado contra mí.

14 Y ellas alzaron sus voces y lloraron otra vez; y Orfa besó a su suegra, pero Rut se quedó con ella.

15 Entonces Noemí dijo: Mira, tu cuñada ha regresado a su pueblo y a sus dioses; vuelve tras tu cuñada.

16 Pero Rut dijo: No insistas que te deje o que deje de seguirte; porque adonde tú vayas, iré yo, y donde tú mores, moraré. Tu pueblo será mi pueblo, y tu Dios mi Dios.

17 Donde tú mueras, allí moriré, y allí seré sepultada. Así haga el SEÑOR conmigo, y aún peor, si algo, excepto la muerte, nos separa.

18 Al ver Noemí que Rut estaba decidida a ir con ella, no le insistió más.

19 Caminaron, pues, las dos hasta que llegaron a Belén. Y sucedió que cuando llegaron a Belén, toda la ciudad se conmovió a causa de ellas, y las mujeres decían: ¿No es ésta Noemí?

20 Y ella les dijo: No me llaméis Noemí ^[b] , llamadme Mara ^[c] , porque el trato del Todopoderoso ^[d] me ha llenado de amargura.

21 Llena me fui, pero vacía me ha hecho volver el SEÑOR. ¿Por qué me llamáis Noemí, ya que el SEÑOR ha dado testimonio contra mí y el Todopoderoso me ha afligido?

22 Y volvió Noemí, y con ella su nuera Rut la moabita, regresando así de los campos de Moab. Llegaron a Belén al comienzo de la siega de la cebada.

Rut 1 Commentary

Chapter 1

We find in this book excellent examples of faith, piety, patience, humility, industry, and loving-kindness, in the common events of life. Also we see the special care which God's providence take of our smallest concerns, encouraging us to full trust therein. We may view this book as a beautiful, because natural representation of human life; as a curious detail of important facts; and as a part of the plan of redemption.

Elimelech and his sons die in the land of Moab. (1-5) Naomi returns home. (6-14) Orpah stays behind, but Ruth goes with Naomi. (15-18) They come to Bethlehem. (19-22)

Verses 1-5 Elimelech's care to provide for his family, was not to be blamed; but his removal into the country of Moab could not be justified. And the removal ended in the wasting of his family. It is folly to think of escaping that cross, which, being laid in our way, we ought to take up. Changing our place seldom is mending it. Those who bring young people into bad acquaintance, and take them out of the way of public ordinances, thought they may think them well-principled, and armed against temptation, know not what will be the end. It does not appear that the women the sons of Elimelech married, were proselyted to the Jewish religion. Earthly trials or enjoyments are of short continuance. Death continually removes those of every age and situation, and mars all our outward comforts: we cannot too strongly prefer those advantages which shall last for ever.

Verses 6-14 Naomi began to think of returning, after the death of her two sons. When death comes into a family, it ought to reform what is amiss there. Earth is made bitter to us, that heaven may be made dear. Naomi seems to have been a person of faith and piety. She dismissed her daughters-in-law with prayer. It is very proper for friends, when they part, to part with them thus part in love. Did Naomi do well, to discourage her daughters from going with her, when she might save them from the idolatry of Moab, and bring them to the faith and worship of the God of Israel? Naomi, no doubt, desired to do that; but if they went with her, she would not have them to go upon her account. Those that take upon them a profession of religion only to oblige their friends, or for the sake of company, will be converts of small value. If they did come with her, she would have them make it their deliberate choice, and sit down first and count the cost, as it concerns those to do who make a profession of religion. And more desire "rest in the house of a husband," or some wordly settlement or earthly satisfaction, than the rest to which Christ invites our souls; therefore when tried they will depart from Christ, though perhaps with some sorrow.

Verses 15-18 See Ruth's resolution, and her good affection to Naomi. Orpah was loth to part from her; yet she did not love her well enough to leave Moab for her sake. Thus, many have a value and affection for Christ, yet come short of salvation by him, because they will not forsake other things for him. They love him, yet leave him, because they do not love him enough, but love other things better. Ruth is an example of the grace of God, inclining the soul to choose the better part. Naomi could desire no more than the solemn declaration Ruth made. See the power of resolution; it silences temptation. Those that go in religious ways without a stedfast mind, stand like a door half open, which invites a thief; but resolution shuts and bolts the door, resists the devil and forces him to flee.

Verses 19-22 Naomi and Ruth came to Bethlehem. Afflictions will make great and surprising changes in a little time. May God, by his grace, fit us for all such changes, especially the great change!, Naomi signifies "pleasant," or "amiable;" Mara, "bitter," or "bitterness." She was now a woman of a sorrowful spirit. She had come home empty, poor, a widow and childless. But there is a fulness for believers of which they never can be emptied; a good part which shall not be taken from those who have it. The cup of affliction is a "bitter" cup, but she owns that the affliction came from God. It well becomes us to have our hearts humbled under humbling providences. It is not affliction itself, but affliction rightly borne, that does us good.

Footnotes

• [a]. O, juzgaban
• [b]. I.e., placentera
• [c]. I.e., amarga
• [d]. Heb., Shaddai

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK OF RUTH

This book is called Ruth, not because she was the author of it, but because she is the principal subject of it. In the Syriac and Arabic versions, it is called the Book of Ruth the Moabitess, which describes her by the country of which she was. Her name, according to Hillerus {l}, signifies beautiful, of a good aspect, the same with Calliope in Greek. As to the author of this book, some attribute it to Eli the priest, who seems to have been too soon to give an account of the birth of David; others to Gad or Nathan; some to Hezekiah, and others to Ezra; but what the Talmudists assert, which is most generally received, and most probable, is, that it was written by Samuel; so they say Samuel {m} wrote his own book, Judges, and Ruth; and it is commonly said that this book is an appendix to that of the Judges, and the introduction to Samuel, and is fitly placed between them both. According to Eusebius {n}, with the Hebrews, Judges and Ruth make one book they call Shophetim, or Judges; the principal design of it is to give the genealogy of David, whom Samuel had anointed to be king of Israel, and from whom the Messiah was to come, and who therefore may be said to be the aim and scope of it, as he is of all Scripture; and whereby it appears that he sprung both from Jews and Gentiles, and is the Saviour of both, and there is a good foundation for both to hope in him; and the call and conversion of Ruth the Moabitess may be considered as a shadow, emblem, and pledge of the conversion of the Gentiles. Manythings besides may be learnt from this little book, as the different circumstances of good people in this life, and the particular providence of God respecting them. It furnishes out examples of bearing afflictions patiently, of industry, courteousness, kindness to strangers, and young converts; and none can doubt of the divine authority of this book, that considers the use made of it in the genealogies of Christ by the Evangelists Matthew and Luke.

{l} Onomastic. Sacr. p. 211. {m} T. Bab. Bava Bathra, fol. 13. 2. {n} Eccl. Hist. 1. 6. c. 25.

\\INTRODUCTION TO RUTH 1\\

This chapter treats of a family that removed from the land of Canaan to the land of Moab on account of a famine, where the father of it and his two sons died, and each of them left a widow, Ru 1:1-5 the mother-in-law proposed to return to her own country, and set forward with her two daughters-in-law, whom, when they had gone a little way with her, she entreated to go back, and expostulated with them about it, Ru 1:6-13, upon which one of them did, but the other, Ruth, the subject of this book, resolved to go the journey with her, Ru 1:14-18 and they both came to Bethlehem, the former residence of her mother-in-law Naomi, who was greatly taken notice of by her old friends and acquaintance, to whom she related her present circumstances, Ru 1:19-22.