Deuteronomy 2 Footnotes

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2:30 King Sihon’s hardness of heart (or spirit) was indeed brought about by the Lord, but it must be understood as a divine result of a process already begun by Sihon himself. The pharaoh of the exodus illustrates the same process. He first hardened himself against the Lord (Ex 7:13,22; 8:15,19), and then, when all hope of changing his mind was gone, the Lord hardened him for his own purpose (Ex 9:12; 10:1,27; see Rm 1:24,26,28).

2:34 The complete destruction of men, women, and children underscores the idea of corporate solidarity. All members of a community, or even of a family, are blessed or judged together (Nm 16:1-35; Jos 7:22-26). Yet, within that framework, each individual is ultimately responsible to God for their own destiny (Jr 31:29-30; Ezk 18:2,4). Moreover, were these nations to survive, Israel would be drawn away into idolatry (Dt 7:1-4).