Exodus 30:10

10 "Once a year Aaron is to perform the purification rite^[a] on the horns of the altar. Throughout your generations he is to perform the purification rite^[b] for^[c] it once a year, with the blood of the sin offering for atonement.^[d] The altar is especially holy to the Lord."

Exodus 30:10 Meaning and Commentary

Exodus 30:10

And Aaron shall make an atonement upon the horns of it once in
a year
On the day of atonement, as the Targum of Jonathan, and so Jarchi and Aben Ezra explain it; and the atonement here referred to seems to be an atonement for the altar itself, see ( Leviticus 16:18 Leviticus 16:19 ) and as the altar of burnt offering was first expiated and then used, ( Exodus 29:36 Exodus 29:37 ) so it seems the altar of incense had not only an atonement made on it, but for it: and this was done

with the blood of the sin offering of atonement;
by sprinkling the blood of that offering upon the horns of it, as we learn from the afore mentioned place; and this shows that Christ's mediation and intercession is founded upon the virtue of his blood, and the efficacy of his atoning sacrifice, see ( 1 John 2:1 1 John 2:2 )

once in the year shall he make atonement upon it, throughout your
generations;
which proves the insufficiency of all legal sacrifices of themselves to take away sin, since every year, as the apostle observes, there was a remembrance of it, ( Hebrews 10:3 Hebrews 10:4 )

it is most holy unto the Lord;
either the atonement made on the day of atonement, which was a most holy part of service, and pointed at the great atonement made by the most Holy One, the Son of God; or this altar thus expiated, and devoted to sacred use, was reckoned a most sacred one to the Lord, and so was to have nothing offered upon it but what he ordered; with which Jarchi agrees in his note,

``the altar is sanctified to these things only, and not to any other service.''

Exodus 30:10 In-Context

8 When Aaron sets up the lamps at twilight, he must burn incense. There is to be an incense [offering] before the Lord throughout your generations.

9 You must not offer unauthorized incense on it, or a burnt or grain offering; you are not to pour a drink offering on it.

10 "Once a year Aaron is to perform the purification rite on the horns of the altar. Throughout your generations he is to perform the purification rite for it once a year, with the blood of the sin offering for atonement. The altar is especially holy to the Lord."

11 The Lord spoke to Moses:

12 "When you take a census of the Israelites to register them, each of the men must pay a ransom for himself to the Lord as they are registered. Then no plague will come on them as they are registered.

Footnotes

• [a] Or to make atonement
• [b] Or to make atonement
• [c] Or on
• [d] Lv 16:18