Exodus 1:13

13 The Egyptians compelled the sons of Israel ¹to labor rigorously;

Exodus 1:13 Meaning and Commentary

Exodus 1:13

And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve
with rigour.
Or with breach ^F3, with what might tend to break their strength; they laid heavier burdens upon them, obliged them to harder service, used them more cruelly and with greater fierceness, adding to their hard service ill words, and perhaps blows.

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FOOTNOTES:

F3 (Krpb) "in fractione", Cajetan. apud Rivet.

Exodus 1:13 In-Context

11 So they appointed taskmasters over them to afflict them with hard labor. And they built for Pharaoh storage cities, Pithom and Raamses.

12 But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread out, so that they were in dread of the sons of Israel.

13 The Egyptians compelled the sons of Israel to labor rigorously;

14 and they made their lives bitter with hard labor in mortar and bricks and at all kinds of labor in the field, all their labors which they rigorously imposed on them.

15 Then the king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, one of whom was named Shiphrah and the other was named Puah;

Cross References

• 1. Genesis 15:13; Deuteronomy 4:20