Jeremiah 50:42

42 They are armed with bows and spears. They are cruel and show no mercy. As they ride forward on horses, they sound like a roaring sea. They are coming in battle formation, planning to destroy you, Babylon.

Jeremiah 50:42 Meaning and Commentary

Jeremiah 50:42

They shall hold the bow and the lance
Or "spear". The Targum interprets it, "shields"; as many in Cyrus's army had ^F20; the one an offensive, the other a defensive weapon; or, if bow and lance, the one is used at a distance, the other when near. The Medes and Persians were well skilled in handling the bow, as once and again observed: this very properly describes the armour of the Persians; which were, as Herodotus ^F21 says, large bows and short spears; and Xenophon ^F23 observes, that, besides bows and arrows, they had two javelins or lances, one of which they cast, and the other they held and used in their hands, as they found necessary; and so Cyrus ^F24, in a speech of his, says that they had breast plates to cover their bodies, and lances or javelins which they could use by throwing or holding, as they pleased: they [are] cruel, and will not show mercy:
not even to infants, but dash them against the stones, ( Psalms 137:8 Psalms 137:9 ) ; see ( Isaiah 13:17 Isaiah 13:18 ) ; and (See Gill on Isaiah 13:17) and (See Gill on Isaiah 13:18); hence "horribilis Medus", in Horace ^F25: their voice shall roar like the sea;
when there is a tempest on it. This does not design the shout of the soldiers, when beginning the onset in battle, or making an attack upon a city besieged; but the noise of their march, their foot, and horse, and chariots, and the clashing of their army; all which, by reason of their numbers, would be very clamorous and terrible: and they shall ride upon horses;
the Persians had a large cavalry, their country abounding in horses: [everyone] put in array like a man to the battle, against thee, O
daughter of Babylon;
furnished with armour, and put in a proper disposition, all in rank and file, well accoutred, and full of spirit, prepared to engage in battle, with you, O ye inhabitants of Babylon.

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FOOTNOTES:

F20 Cyropaedia, l. 5. c. 15.
F21 Terpsichore, sive l. 5. c. 49. & Polymnia, sive l. 7. c. 61.
F23 Cyropaedia, l. 1. c. 5.
F24 Ibid. l. 4. c. 16.
F25 Carmin. l. 1. Ode 29.

Jeremiah 50:42 In-Context

40 I will destroy it as I destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah and their neighboring towns,” says the LORD . “No one will live there; no one will inhabit it.

41 “Look! A great army is coming from the north. A great nation and many kings are rising against you from far-off lands.

42 They are armed with bows and spears. They are cruel and show no mercy. As they ride forward on horses, they sound like a roaring sea. They are coming in battle formation, planning to destroy you, Babylon.

43 The king of Babylon has heard reports about the enemy, and he is weak with fright. Pangs of anguish have gripped him, like those of a woman in labor.

44 “I will come like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan, leaping on the sheep in the pasture. I will chase Babylon from its land, and I will appoint the leader of my choice. For who is like me, and who can challenge me? What ruler can oppose my will?”