Deuteronomy 3

Listen to Deuteronomy 3

The Defeat of King Og

1 "Then we turned and went up the way to Bashan. And 1Og the king of Bashan came out against us, he and all his people, to battle at 2Edrei.
2 But the LORD said to me, 'Do not fear him, for I have given him and all his people and his land into your hand. And you shall do to him as you did to 3Sihon the king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon.'
3 So the LORD our God gave into our hand Og also, the king of Bashan, and all his people, 4and we struck him down until he had no survivor left.
4 And we took all his cities at that time--there was not a city that we did not take from them--sixty cities, 5the whole region of Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
5 All these were cities fortified with high walls, gates, and bars, besides very many unwalled villages.
6 And 6we devoted them to destruction,[a] as we did to Sihon the king of Heshbon, devoting to destruction every 7city, men, women, and children.
7 But all the livestock and the spoil of the cities we took as our plunder.
8 So we took the land at that time out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, from the Valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon
9 (the Sidonians call 8Hermon 9Sirion, while the Amorites call it 10Senir),
10 all the cities of the 11tableland and all Gilead and all Bashan, as far as 12Salecah and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
11 (For 13only Og the king of Bashan was left of the remnant of 14the Rephaim. Behold, his bed was a bed of iron. Is it not in 15Rabbah of the Ammonites? Nine cubits[b] was its length, and four cubits its breadth, according to the 16common cubit.[c])
12 "When we took possession of this land at that time, I gave to the Reubenites and the Gadites the territory beginning 17at Aroer, which is on the edge of the Valley of the Arnon, and half the hill country of Gilead with 18its cities.
13 19The rest of Gilead, and all Bashan, the kingdom of Og, that is, 20all the region of Argob, I gave to the half-tribe of Manasseh. (All that portion of Bashan is called the land of 21Rephaim.
14 22Jair the Manassite took all the region of Argob, that is, Bashan, as far as the border of 23the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and called the villages 24after his own name, Havvoth-jair, as it is to this day.)
15 To Machir 25I gave Gilead,
16 and to the Reubenites 26and the Gadites I gave the territory from Gilead as far as the Valley of the Arnon, with the middle of the valley as a border, as far over as the river Jabbok, 27the border of the Ammonites;
17 the Arabah also, with the Jordan as the border, from 28Chinnereth as far as 29the Sea of the Arabah, 30the Salt Sea, under 31the slopes of Pisgah on the east.
18 "And I commanded you at that time, saying, 'The LORD your God has given you this land to possess. 32All your men of valor shall cross over armed before your brothers, the people of Israel.
19 Only your wives, your little ones, and your livestock 33(I know that you have much livestock) shall remain in the cities that I have given you,
20 34until the LORD gives rest to your brothers, as to you, and they also occupy the land that the LORD your God gives them beyond the Jordan. Then each of you may return to his possession which I have given you.'
21 And I commanded 35Joshua at that time, 'Your eyes have seen all that the LORD your God has done to these two kings. So will the LORD do to all the kingdoms into which you are crossing.
22 You shall not fear them, for it is 36the LORD your God who fights for you.'

Moses Forbidden to Enter the Land

23 "And I pleaded with the LORD at that time, saying,
24 'O Lord GOD, you have only begun to show your servant 37your greatness and your mighty hand. For 38what god is there in heaven or on earth who can do such works and mighty acts as yours?
25 Please let me go over and see 39the good land beyond the Jordan, that good hill country and 40Lebanon.'
26 But 41the LORD was angry with me because of you and would not listen to me. And the LORD said to me, 42'Enough from you; do not speak to me of this matter again.
27 43Go up to the top of Pisgah and lift up your eyes westward and northward and southward and eastward, and look at it with your eyes, for you shall not go over this Jordan.
28 But 44charge Joshua, and encourage and strengthen him, for he shall go over at the head of this people, and he shall put them in possession of the land that you shall see.'
29 So we remained in 45the valley opposite Beth-peor.

Deuteronomy 3 Commentary

Chapter 3

The conquest of Og king of Bashan. (1-11) The land of Gilead and Bashan. (12-20) Moses encourages Joshua. (21-29)

Verse 1 1-11 Og was very powerful, but he did not take warning by the ruin of Sihon, and desire conditions of peace. He trusted his own strength, and so was hardened to his destruction. Those not awakened by the judgments of God on others, ripen for the like judgments on themselves.

Verses 12-20 This country was settled on the Reubenites, Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh: see ( Numbers 32 ) . Moses repeats the condition of the grant to which they agreed. When at rest, we should desire to see our brethren at rest too, and should be ready to do what we can towards it; for we are not born for ourselves, but are members one of another.

Verses 21-29 Moses encouraged Joshua, who was to succeed him. Thus the aged and experienced in the service of God, should do all they can to strengthen the hands of those who are young, and setting out in religion. Consider what God has done, what God has promised. If God be for us, who can be against us, so as to prevail? We reproach our Leader if we follow him trembling. Moses prayed, that, if it were God's will, he might go before Israel, over Jordan into Canaan. We should never allow any desires in our hearts, which we cannot in faith offer up to God by prayer. God's answer to this prayer had a mixture of mercy and judgment. God sees it good to deny many things we desire. He may accept our prayers, yet not grant us the very things we pray for. It God does not by his providence give us what we desire, yet if by his grace he makes us content without, it comes to much the same. Let it suffice thee to have God for thy Father, and heaven for thy portion, though thou hast not every thing thou wouldst have in the world. God promised Moses a sight of Canaan from the top of Pisgah. Though he should not have the possession of it, he should have the prospect of it. Even great believers, in this present state, see heaven but at a distance. God provided him a successor. It is a comfort to the friends of the church of Christ, to see God's work likely to be carried on by others, when they are silent in the dust. And if we have the earnest and prospect of heaven, let these suffice us; let us submit to the Lord's will, and speak no more to Him of matters which he sees good to refuse us.

Cross References 45

  • 1. Deuteronomy 29:7; Numbers 21:33, 35
  • 2. See Deuteronomy 1:4
  • 3. See Num. 21:23-26, 34
  • 4. Numbers 21:35
  • 5. 1 Kings 4:13
  • 6. See Deuteronomy 7:2; Psalms 135:10-12
  • 7. Deuteronomy 2:34
  • 8. Deuteronomy 4:48; Joshua 11:3, 17; Joshua 12:5
  • 9. Psalms 29:6; [Deuteronomy 4:48]
  • 10. 1 Chronicles 5:23; Song of Songs 4:8; Ezekiel 27:5
  • 11. Deuteronomy 4:43; Josh. 13:9, 16, 17, 21; Jeremiah 48:8, 21
  • 12. Joshua 12:5; Joshua 13:11; 1 Chronicles 5:11
  • 13. Deuteronomy 2:11, 20
  • 14. See Genesis 14:5
  • 15. 2 Samuel 11:1; 2 Samuel 12:26; Jeremiah 49:2; Ezekiel 21:20; Ezekiel 25:5; Amos 1:14
  • 16. [Revelation 21:17]
  • 17. See Deuteronomy 2:36
  • 18. See Numbers 32:32-38; Joshua 13:8-13
  • 19. See Numbers 32:39-42; Joshua 13:29-31
  • 20. 1 Kings 4:13
  • 21. [See ver. 11 above]
  • 22. Numbers 32:41; [1 Chronicles 2:22, 23]
  • 23. Joshua 12:5; Joshua 13:11, 13; 2 Samuel 3:3; 2 Samuel 10:6; 2 Samuel 13:37, 38
  • 24. Numbers 32:41
  • 25. Numbers 32:39
  • 26. [2 Samuel 24:5]
  • 27. Numbers 21:24; Joshua 12:2
  • 28. See Numbers 34:11
  • 29. Deuteronomy 4:49; Joshua 3:16; Joshua 12:3; 2 Kings 14:25
  • 30. See Genesis 14:3
  • 31. [Numbers 21:15]
  • 32. Numbers 32:20, 21; Joshua 1:14; Joshua 4:12
  • 33. Numbers 32:1, 4
  • 34. Joshua 22:4
  • 35. [Numbers 27:18]
  • 36. See Exodus 14:14
  • 37. Deuteronomy 5:24; Deuteronomy 11:2; Deuteronomy 32:3; 1 Chronicles 29:11
  • 38. See Exodus 15:11
  • 39. Deuteronomy 4:22; Exodus 3:8
  • 40. [Joshua 1:4]
  • 41. See Deuteronomy 1:37
  • 42. [2 Corinthians 12:9]
  • 43. Numbers 27:12, 13
  • 44. Deuteronomy 1:38; Deuteronomy 31:3, 7; Numbers 27:23
  • 45. Deuteronomy 4:46; Deuteronomy 34:6

Footnotes 3

  • [a]. That is, set apart (devoted) as an offering to the Lord (for destruction); twice in this verse
  • [b]. A cubit was about 18 inches or 45 centimeters
  • [c]. Hebrew cubit of a man

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 3

In this chapter the account is carried on of the conquest of the Amorites by Israel, of Og king of Bashan, and his kingdom, De 3:1-11, and of the distribution of their country to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh, De 1:12-17 and then the command to the said tribes is observed, to go out armed before their brethren, and assist them in the conquest of the land of Canaan, and then return to their possessions, De 3:18-20 and also that to Joshua not to fear, but to do to the Canaanitish kings and kingdoms what he had seen done to the two kings of the Amorites, De 3:21,22. After which Moses relates the request he made, to go over Jordan and see the good land, which was denied him, only he is bidden to look from the top of an hill to see it, De 3:23-27. And the chapter is closed with the charge he was to give Joshua, De 3:28 which was received in the valley where they abode, De 3:29.

Deuteronomy 3 Commentaries

The English Standard Version is published with the permission of Good News Publishers.