Exodus 5

First meeting with Pharaoh

1 Afterward, Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said, "This is what the LORD, Israel's God, says: ‘Let my people go so that they can hold a festival for me in the desert.'"
2 But Pharaoh said, "Who is this LORD whom I'm supposed to obey by letting Israel go? I don't know this LORD, and I certainly won't let Israel go."
3 Then they said, "The Hebrews' God has appeared to us. Let us go on a three-day journey into the desert so we can offer sacrifices to the LORD our God. Otherwise, the LORD will give us a deadly disease or violence."
4 The king of Egypt said to them, "Moses and Aaron, why are you making the people slack off from their work? Do the hard work yourselves!"
5 Pharaoh continued, "The land's people are now numerous. Yet you want them to stop their hard work?"
6 On the very same day Pharaoh commanded the people's slave masters and supervisors,
7 "Don't supply the people with the straw they need to make bricks like you did before. Let them go out and gather the straw for themselves.
8 But still make sure that they produce the same number of bricks as they made before. Don't reduce the number! They are weak and lazy, and that's why they cry, ‘Let's go and offer sacrifices to our God.'
9 Make the men's work so hard that it's all they can do, and they can't focus on these empty lies."
10 So the people's slave masters and supervisors came out and spoke to the people, "This is what Pharaoh says, ‘I'm not giving you straw anymore.
11 Go and get the straw on your own, wherever you can find it. But your work won't be reduced at all.'"
12 So the people spread out all through the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw.
13 The slave masters drove them hard and said, "Make sure you make the same daily quota as when you had the straw."
14 The Israelite supervisors, whom Pharaoh's slave masters had set over them, were also beaten and asked, "Why didn't you produce the same number of bricks yesterday and today as you did before?"
15 Then the Israelite supervisors came and pleaded to Pharaoh, "Why do you treat your servants like this?
16 No straw is supplied to your servants, yet they say to us, ‘Make bricks!' Look at how your servants are being beaten! Your own people are to blame!"
17 Pharaoh replied, "You are lazy bums, nothing but lazy bums. That's why you say, ‘Let us go and offer sacrifices to the LORD.'
18 Go and get back to work! No straw will be given to you, but you still need to make the same number of bricks."
19 The Israelite supervisors saw how impossible their situation was when they were commanded, "Don't reduce your daily quota of bricks."
20 When they left Pharaoh, they met Moses and Aaron, who were waiting for them.
21 The supervisors said to them, "Let the LORD see and judge what you've done! You've made us stink in the opinion of Pharaoh and his servants. You've given them a reason to kill us."
22 Then Moses turned to the LORD and said, "My Lord, why have you abused this people? Why did you send me for this?
23 Ever since I first came to Pharaoh to speak in your name, he has abused this people. And you've done absolutely nothing to rescue your people."

Exodus 5 Commentary

Chapter 5

Pharaoh's displeasure, He increases the tasks of the Israelites. (1-9) The sufferings of the Israelites, Moses' complaint to God. (10-23)

Verses 1-9 God will own his people, though poor and despised, and will find a time to plead their cause. Pharaoh treated all he had heard with contempt. He had no knowledge of Jehovah, no fear of him, no love to him, and therefore refused to obey him. Thus Pharaoh's pride, ambition, covetousness, and political knowledge, hardened him to his own destruction. What Moses and Aaron ask is very reasonable, only to go three days' journey into the desert, and that on a good errand. We will sacrifice unto the Lord our God. Pharaoh was very unreasonable, in saying that the people were idle, and therefore talked of going to sacrifice. He thus misrepresents them, that he might have a pretence to add to their burdens. To this day we find many who are more disposed to find fault with their neighbours, for spending in the service of God a few hours spared from their wordly business, than to blame others, who give twice the time to sinful pleasures. Pharaoh's command was barbarous. Moses and Aaron themselves must get to the burdens. Persecutors take pleasure in putting contempt and hardship upon ministers. The usual tale of bricks must be made, without the usual allowance of straw to mix with the clay. Thus more work was to be laid upon the men, which, if they performed, they would be broken with labour; and if not, they would be punished.

Verses 10-23 The Egyptian task-masters were very severe. See what need we have to pray that we may be delivered from wicked men. The head-workmen justly complained to Pharaoh: but he taunted them. The malice of Satan has often represented the service and worship of God, as fit employment only for those who have nothing else to do, and the business only of the idle; whereas, it is the duty of those who are most busy in the world. Those who are diligent in doing sacrifice to the Lord, will, before God, escape the doom of the slothful servant, though with men they do not. The Israelites should have humbled themselves before God, and have taken to themselves the shame of their sin; but instead of that, they quarrel with those who were to be their deliverers. Moses returned to the Lord. He knew that what he had said and done, was by God's direction; and therefore appeals to him. When we find ourselves at any time perplexed in the way of our duty, we ought to go to God, and lay open our case before him by fervent prayer. Disappointments in our work must not drive us from our God, but still we must ponder why they are sent.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO EXODUS 5

Moses and Aaron go in to Pharaoh, and desire leave for the children of Israel to go into the wilderness three days' journey, to sacrifice to the Lord, and are answered in a very churlish and atheistical manner, and are charged with making the people idle, the consequence of which was, the taskmasters had orders, to make their work more heavy and toilsome, Ex 5:1-9 which orders were executed with severity by them, Ex 5:10-13, upon which the officers of the children of Israel complained to Pharaoh, but to no purpose, Ex 5:14-19, and meeting with Moses and Aaron, lay the blame upon them, Ex 5:20,21, which sends Moses to the Lord to expostulate with him about it, Ex 5:22,23.

Exodus 5 Commentaries

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