Ezekiel 32 Study Notes
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32:16 Women by custom served as mourners in the ancient Near East (Jr 9:17-18).
32:17-18 Again the judgment of descent to the Pit is mentioned (see 26:20; 28:8; 31:14,16; 32:23-25,29-30). This oracle, the last of the seven against Egypt, is probably to be dated two weeks after the sixth oracle (compare 32:1,17). But the textual problem of the specific lack of the month places it between April 586 BC and April 585 BC.
32:19-21 The reference to circumcision is a metaphor for uncleanness and vileness. It is a theological rather than a literal evaluation. The phrase the uncircumcised is used ten times in chap. 32 (vv. 19,21,24-30,32), to emphasize that the death of the pharaoh will be a death of shame and defeat. In this oracle, Egypt was the climactic seventh nation that occupied the underworld (v. 18).
32:22-30 Here is a macabre roll call of other uncircumcised peoples in the Pit, felled by the sword: Assyria, Elam, Meshech and Tubal, Edom, and all the leaders of the north and all the Sidonians.
32:26 Meshech and Tubal (see 27:13) were probably located on the northern border of modern Turkey. They are the allies of Gog in chaps. 38-39.