Jesus Baptized by John in the Jordan.

  ^b 10 And straightway coming up out of {^a went up straightway from} ^b the water [the two prepositions, "out of" and "from," show that Jesus was not yet fully out of the river, and that the vision and the voice were immediately associated with his baptism], ^a and lo, ^b he saw [The statement that he saw the Spirit descending, which is also the language of Matthew, has been taken by some as implying that the Spirit was invisible to the multitude. But we know from John's narrative that it was also seen by John the Baptist ( John 1:33 John 1:34 ), and if it was visible to him and to Jesus, and it descended, as Luke affirms, in a bodily shape like a dove ( Luke 3:22 ), it would have required a miracle to hide it from the multitude. Moreover, the object of the Spirit's visible appearance was to point Jesus out, not to himself, but to others; and to point him out as the person concerning whom the voice from heaven was uttered. No doubt, then, the Spirit was visible and audible to all who were present *] the heavens rent asunder [for], ^a the heavens were {^c heaven was} ^a opened unto him [The heavens open at the beginning of Jesus' ministry to honor him, and at the end of it to receive him. Christ is the opener of heaven for all men], and he saw the Spirit of God descending [the Spirit came upon Jesus to give him the miraculous power which he afterward exerted-- Luke 4:14 ] as a dove [That is, like a dove. All four evangelists are careful to inform us that it was not an actual dove], and coming upon him;

  ^c 22 and the Holy Spirit descended in a bodily form

[Lightfoot suggests that the Spirit thus descended that he might be revealed to be a personal substance and not merely an operation of the Godhead, and might thus make a sensible demonstration as to his proper place in the Trinity], as a dove [The descent of the Spirit upon Jesus was in accordance with prophecy ( Isaiah 11:2 ; 41:1 ). The dove shape suggests purity, gentleness, peace, etc. Jesus makes the dove a symbol of harmlessness ( Matthew 10:15 ). In fact, the nature of this bird makes it a fit emblem of the Spirit, for it comports well with the fruits of the Spirit ( Galatians 5:22 Galatians 5:23 ). The nations of the earth emblazon eagles upon their banners and lions upon their shields, but He who shall gather all nations into his kingdom, appeared as a Lamb, and his Spirit appeared under the symbol of a dove. Verily his kingdom is not is a kingdom of peace and love, not of bloodshed and ambition. Noah's dove bore the olive branch, the symbol of peace, and the Holy Spirit manifested Jesus, God's olive branch of peace sent into this world-- Psalms 72:7 ; Luke 2:14 ; John 14:27 ; Ephesians 2:11-18 ],

  ^c 22 and the Holy Spirit descended in a bodily form

upon him,   ^a 17 and lo, a voice ^c came ^a out of the heavens, {^c heaven} [Voices from heaven acknowledged the person of Christ at his birth, his baptism, his transfiguration and during the concluding days of his ministry. At his baptism Jesus was honored by the attestation of both the Spirit and the Father. But the ordinance itself was honored by the sensible manifestation of each several personality of the Deity--that the three into whose name we ourselves are also baptized], ^a saying, This is {^b thou art} [The "this is," etc. of Matthew are probably the words as John the Baptist reported them; the "thou art," etc., of Mark and Luke are the words as Jesus actually heard them. The testimony of the Father is in unreserved support of the fundamental proposition of Christianity on which the church of Christ is founded ( Matthew 16:15-18 ). On this point no witness in the universe was so well qualified to speak as the Father, and no other fact was so well worthy the honor of being sanctioned by his audible utterance as this. The testimony of Christ's life, of his works, of the Baptist, and of the Scriptures might have been sufficient; but when the Father himself speaks, who shall doubt the adequacy of the proof?] ^a my beloved Son [See also Matthew 17:5 . The Father himself states that relationship of which the apostle John so often spoke ( John 1:1 ). Adam was made ( Genesis 1:26 ), but Jesus was begotten ( Psalms 2:7 ). Both were sons of God, but in far different senses. The baptism of Jesus bears many marked relationships to our own: 1. At his baptism Jesus was manifested as the Son of God. At our baptism we are likewise manifested as God's children, for we are baptized into the name of the Father, and are thereby permitted to take upon ourselves his name. 2. At his baptism Jesus was fully commissioned as the Christ. Not anointed with material oil, but divinely consecrated and qualified by the Spirit and received the Spirit ( John 3:5 ; Acts 2:38 ; 19:1-6 ), who commissions and empowers us to Christian ministry-- Acts 1:8 ; 1 John 3:24 ], in whom {^c in thee} [Some make the phrases "in whom" and "in thee" to mean more than simply a declaration that God is pleased with Jesus. They see in it also the statement that the Father will be pleased with all who are "in Christ Jesus"-- Ephesians 1:6 ] ^a I am well pleased [It is no slight condemnation to be well pleasing to God ( Job 4:18 ). It is the Christian's joy that his Saviour had this commendation of the Father at the entrance upon his ministry.]

  ^c 23 And Jesus himself, when he began to teach, was about thirty years of age. [The age when a Levite entered upon God's service ( Numbers 4:3 Numbers 4:47 ); at which Joseph stood before Pharaoh ( Genesis 41:46 ); at which David began to reign ( 2 Samuel 5:4 ). Canon Cook fixes the date of Christ's baptism in the spring A. U. C. 780. Wiseler in the summer of that year, and Ellicott in the winter of that year.]

* Recognizing the weight of Bro. McGarvey's argument, I nevertheless contend that the multitude only shared partially in such a vision, if they shared it at all; for 1. There is no Scripture which even hints that the vision was seen by more than the two "inspired" parties, Jesus and John; and, on the contrary, the words of Jesus at John 5:37 , though not addressed to the specific audience present at his baptism, were addressed to the Jews generally. 2. Jesus was to be manifested by his character and teaching rather than by heavenly sights and sounds ( Matthew 12:39 ), and the mysteries of the kingdom ( Matthew 13:11 ), and the opened heavens ( John 1:50 John 1:51 ), with many other manifestations, were reserved for believers ( John 12:28-30 ; Matthew 17:1 Matthew 17:2 Matthew 17:9 ; Acts 1:9 ; Acts 7:55 Acts 7:59 ; Acts 10:40 Acts 10:41 ), and are still so reserved ( 1 Corinthians 2:14 ). As to the arguments given above, we suggest that "bodily shape" does not insure universal sight. Baalam did not see what the ass saw ( Numbers 22:21-31 ). Again, it may be true that Jesus did not need to see the vision to "point him out to himself," but he must have needed it for some purpose, for it is twice asserted that he saw it, and the temptations which immediately follow show that assurances of his divinity at this particular time were by no means misplaced.