2 Chronicles 20

War against Eastern Enemies

1 After this, the Moabites and Ammonites, together with some of the Meunites,^[a] came [to fight] against Jehoshaphat.

2 People came and told Jehoshaphat, "A vast multitude from beyond the Dead Sea and from Edom^[b] has come [to fight] against you; they are already in Hazazon-tamar" (that is, En-gedi).

3 Jehoshaphat was afraid, so he resolved to seek the Lord. So he proclaimed a fast for all Judah,

4 who gathered to seek the Lord. They even came from all the cities of Judah to seek Him.

Jehoshaphat's Prayer

5 Then Jehoshaphat stood in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem in the Lord's temple before the new courtyard.

6 He said: Lord God of our ancestors, are You not the God who is in heaven, and do You not rule over all the kingdoms of the nations? Power and might are in Your hand, and no one can stand against You.

7 Are You not our God who drove out the inhabitants of this land before Your people Israel and who gave it forever to the descendants of Abraham^[c] Your friend?^[d]

8 They have lived in the land and have built You a sanctuary in it for Your name and have said,

9 "If disaster comes on us-sword or judgment, pestilence or famine-we will stand before this temple and before You, for Your name is in this temple. We will cry out to You because of our distress, and You will hear and deliver."

10 Now here are the Ammonites, Moabites, and [the inhabitants of] Mount Seir. You did not let Israel invade them when Israel came out of the land of Egypt, but Israel turned away from them and did not destroy them.^[e]

11 Look how they repay us by coming to drive us out of Your possession that You gave us as an inheritance.

12 Our God, will You not judge them? For we are powerless before this vast multitude that comes [to fight] against us. We do not know what to do, but we look to You.^[f]

God's Answer

13 All Judah was standing before the Lord with their infants, their wives, and their children.

14 In the midst of the congregation, the Spirit of the Lord came on Jahaziel (son of Zechariah, son of Benaiah, son of Jeiel, son of Mattaniah, a Levite from Asaph's descendants),

15 and he said, "Listen carefully, all Judah and you inhabitants of Jerusalem, and King Jehoshaphat. This is what the Lord says: 'Do not be afraid or discouraged because of this vast multitude, for the battle is not yours, but God's.^[g]

16 Tomorrow, go down against them. You will see them coming up the ascent of Ziz, and you will find them at the end of the valley facing the Wilderness of Jeruel.

17 You do not have to fight this [battle]. Position yourselves, stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord.^[h] [He is] with you, Judah and Jerusalem. Do not be afraid or discouraged.^[i] Tomorrow, go out to face them, for the Lord is with you.' "

18 Then Jehoshaphat bowed with his face to the ground, and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell down before the Lord to worship Him.

19 Then the Levites from the sons of the Kohathites and the Korahites stood up to praise the Lord God of Israel shouting in a loud voice.

Victory and Plunder

20 In the morning they got up early and went out to the wilderness of Tekoa. As they were about to go out, Jehoshaphat stood and said, "Hear me, Judah and you inhabitants of Jerusalem. Believe in the Lord your God, and you will be established;^[j] believe in His prophets, and you will succeed."

21 Then he consulted with the people and appointed some to sing for the Lord and some to praise the splendor of [His] holiness. When they went out in front of the armed forces, they kept singing:^[k] Give thanks to the Lord,^[l] for His faithful love endures forever.

22 The moment they began [their] shouts and praises, the Lord set an ambush against the Ammonites, Moabites, and [the inhabitants of] Mount Seir who came [to fight] against Judah, and they were defeated.

23 The Ammonites and Moabites turned against the inhabitants of Mount Seir and completely annihilated them.^[m] When they had finished with the inhabitants of Seir, they helped destroy each other.

24 When Judah came to a place overlooking the wilderness, they looked toward the multitude, and there were corpses lying on the ground; nobody had escaped.

25 Then Jehoshaphat and his people went to gather the plunder. They found among them^[n] an abundance of goods on the bodies^[o] and valuable items. So they stripped them until nobody could carry any more. They were gathering the plunder for three days because there was so much.

26 They assembled in the Valley of Beracah^[p] on the fourth day, for there they praised the Lord. Therefore, that place is still called the Valley of Beracah today.

27 Then all the men of Judah and Jerusalem turned back with Jehoshaphat at their head, returning joyfully to Jerusalem, for the Lord enabled them to rejoice over their enemies.

28 So they came into Jerusalem to the Lord's temple with harps, lyres, and trumpets.

29 The terror of God was on all the kingdoms of the lands when they heard that the Lord had fought against the enemies of Israel.

30 Then Jehoshaphat's kingdom was quiet, for his God gave him rest on every side.

Summary of Jehoshaphat's Reign

31 Jehoshaphat became king over Judah. He was 35 years old when he became king; he reigned 25 years in Jerusalem. His mother's name was Azubah daughter of Shilhi.

32 He walked in the way of Asa his father; he did not turn away from it but did what was right in the Lord's sight.

33 However, the high places were not taken away; the people had not yet determined in their hearts [to worship] the God of their ancestors.

34 The rest of the events of Jehoshaphat's [reign] from beginning to end are written about in the Events of Jehu son of Hanani, which is recorded in the Book of Israel's Kings.^[q]

Jehoshaphat's Fleet of Ships

35 After this, Judah's King Jehoshaphat made an alliance with Israel's King Ahaziah, who was guilty of wrongdoing.

36 Jehoshaphat formed an alliance with him to make ships to go to Tarshish, and they made the ships in Ezion-geber.

37 Then Eliezer son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, "Because you formed an alliance with Ahaziah, the Lord has broken up what you have made." So the ships were wrecked and were not able to go to Tarshish.^[r]

2 Chronicles 20 Commentary

Chapter 20

The danger and distress of Judah. (1-13) Jahaziel's prophecy of victory. (14-19) The thanksgiving of Judah. (20-30) Jehoshaphat's alliance with Ahaziah. (31-37)

Verses 1-13 In all dangers, public or personal, our first business should be to seek help from God. Hence the advantage of days for national fasting and prayer. From the first to the last of our seeking the Lord, we must approach him with humiliation for our sins, trusting only in his mercy and power. Jehoshaphat acknowledges the sovereign dominion of the Divine Providence. Lord, exert it on our behalf. Whom should we seek to, whom should we trust to for relief, but the God we have chosen and served. Those that use what they have for God, may comfortably hope he will secure it to them. Every true believer is a son of Abraham, a friend of God; with such the everlasting covenant is established, to such every promise belongs. We are assured of God's love, by his dwelling in human nature in the person of the Saviour. Jehoshaphat mentions the temple, as a token of God's favourable presence. He pleads the injustice of his enemies. We may well appeal to God against those that render us evil for good. Though he had a great army, he said, We have no might without thee; we rely upon thee.

Verses 14-19 The Spirit of prophecy came upon a Levite in the midst of the congregation. The Spirit, like the wind, blows where and on whom He listeth. He encouraged them to trust in God. Let the Christian soldier go out against his spiritual enemies, and the God of peace will make him more than a conqueror. Our trials will prove our gain. The advantage will be all our own, but the whole glory must be given to God.

Verses 20-30 Jehoshaphat exhorted his troops to firm faith in God. Faith inspires a man with true courage; nor will any thing help more to the establishing of the heart in shaking times, than a firm belief of the power, and mercy, and promise of God. In all our trust in the Lord, and our praises of him, let us especially look at his everlasting mercy to sinners through Jesus Christ. Never was an army so destroyed as that of the enemy. Thus God often makes wicked people destroy one another. And never was a victory celebrated with more solemn thanksgivings.

Verses 31-37 Jehoshaphat kept close to the worship of God, and did what he could to keep his people close to it. But after God had done such great things for him, given him not only victory, but wealth; after this, to go and join himself with a wicked king, was very ungrateful. What could he expect but that God would be angry with him? Yet it seems, he took the warning; for when Ahaziah afterward pressed him to join him, he would not, 1Ki. 22:49 . Thus the alliance was broken, and the Divine rebuke had its effect, at least for a season. Let us be thankful for any losses which may have prevented the loss of our immortal souls. Let us praise the Lord, who sought after us, and left us not to perish in our sins.

Footnotes

• [a]. LXX; MT reads Ammonites; 2 Ch 26:7
• [b]. Some Hb mss, Old Lat; other Hb mss read Aram
• [c]. Isa 41:8
• [d]. Ps 135:10-12
• [e]. Nm 20:14-21; Dt 2:5-9
• [f]. Lit but on You our eyes
• [g]. 2 Ch 13:15; 14:12
• [h]. Ex 14:13-14
• [i]. Jos 1:9
• [j]. Isa 7:9
• [k]. Lit saying
• [l]. 2 Ch 5:13; 7:3; 1 Ch 16:34; Ps 118:1,29; 136:1
• [m]. Ezk 38:21; Hg 2:22; Zch 14:13
• [n]. LXX reads found cattle
• [o]. Some Hb mss, Old Lat, Vg read goods, garments
• [p]. Blessing
• [q]. 1 Kg 22:41-45
• [r]. 1 Kg 22:48-49

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO 2 CHRONICLES 20

Jehoshaphat having notice of a numerous army coming against him, 2Ch 20:1,2, betakes himself to fasting and prayer with his people, 2Ch 20:3-13, when they were immediately assured of victory by a prophet, which filled them with joy and thankfulness, 2Ch 20:14-21, and accordingly their enemies destroyed one another, and Jehoshaphat and his people returned to Jerusalem rejoicing and praising God, 2Ch 20:22-30, and the chapter is closed with an account of the latter part of Jehoshaphat's reign, 2Ch 20:31-37.