Psalms 78:40-72

40 How often they rebelled against him in the wilderness! How often they caused him grief in the desert!
41 Again and again they tested God, and they pushed the Holy One of Israel to the limit.
42 They did not remember his power-- the day he freed them from their oppressor,
43 when he performed his miraculous signs in Egypt, his wonders in the fields of Zoan.
44 He turned their rivers into blood so that they could not drink from their streams.
45 He sent a swarm of flies that bit them and frogs that ruined them.
46 He gave their crops to grasshoppers and their produce to locusts.
47 He killed their vines with hail and their fig trees with frost.
48 He let the hail strike their cattle and bolts of lightning strike their livestock.
49 He sent his burning anger, rage, fury, and hostility against them. He sent an army of destroying angels.
50 He cleared a path for his anger. He did not spare them. He let the plague take their lives.
51 He slaughtered every firstborn in Egypt, the ones born in the tents of Ham when their fathers were young.
52 But he led his own people out like sheep and guided them like a flock through the wilderness.
53 He led them safely. They had no fear while the sea covered their enemies.
54 He brought them into his holy land, to this mountain that his power had won.
55 He forced nations out of their way and gave them the land of the nations as their inheritance. He settled the tribes of Israel in their own tents.
56 They tested God Most High and rebelled against him. They did not obey his written instructions.
57 They were disloyal and treacherous like their ancestors. They were like arrows shot from a defective bow.
58 They made him angry because of their illegal worship sites. They made him furious because they worshiped idols.
59 When God heard, he became furious. He completely rejected Israel.
60 He abandoned his dwelling place in Shiloh, the tent where he had lived among humans.
61 He allowed his power to be taken captive and handed his glory over to an oppressor.
62 He let swords kill his people. He was furious with those who belonged to him.
63 Fire consumed his best young men, so his virgins heard no wedding songs.
64 His priests were cut down with swords. The widows [of his priests] could not even weep [for them].
65 Then the Lord woke up like one who had been sleeping, like a warrior sobering up from [too much] wine.
66 He struck his enemies from behind and disgraced them forever.
67 He rejected the tent of Joseph. He did not choose the tribe of Ephraim,
68 but he chose the tribe of Judah, Mount Zion which he loved.
69 He built his holy place to be like the high heavens, like the earth which he made to last for a long time.
70 He chose his servant David. He took him from the sheep pens.
71 He brought him from tending the ewes that had lambs so that David could be the shepherd of the people of Jacob, of Israel, the people who belonged to the LORD.
72 With unselfish devotion David became their shepherd. With skill he guided them.

Psalms 78:40-72 Meaning and Commentary

Maschil of Asaph. Or for "Asaph" {f}; a doctrinal and "instructive" psalm, as the word "Maschil" signifies; see Psalm 32:1, which was delivered to Asaph to be sung; the Targum is, "the understanding of the Holy Spirit by the hands of Asaph." Some think David was the penman of it; but from the latter part of it, in which mention is made of him, and of his government of the people of Israel, it looks as if it was wrote by another, and after his death, though not long after, since the account is carried on no further than his times; and therefore it is probable enough it was written by Asaph, the chief singer, that lived in that age: whoever was the penman of it, it is certain he was a prophet, and so was Asaph, who is called a seer, the same with a prophet, and who is said to prophesy, 2 Chronicles 29:30 and also that he represented Christ; for that the Messiah is the person that is introduced speaking in this psalm is clear from Matthew 13:34 and the whole may be considered as a discourse of his to the Jews of his time; giving them an history of the Israelites from their first coming out of Egypt to the times of David, and in it an account of the various benefits bestowed upon them, of their great ingratitude, and of the divine resentment; the design of which is to admonish and caution them against committing the like sins, lest they should be rejected of God, as their fathers were, and perish: some Jewish writers, as Arama observes, interpret this psalm of the children of Ephraim going out of Egypt before the time appointed.
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