1 Kings 16

1 The word of the LORD came to Yehu the son of Hanani against Ba`sha, saying,

2 Because I exalted you out of the dust, and made you prince over my people Yisra'el, and you have walked in the way of Yarov`am, and have made my people Yisra'el to sin, to provoke me to anger with their sins;

3 behold, I will utterly sweep away Ba`sha and his house; and I will make your house like the house of Yarov`am the son of Nevat.

4 Him who dies of Ba`sha in the city shall the dogs eat; and him who dies of his in the field shall the birds of the sky eat.

5 Now the rest of the acts of Ba`sha, and what he did, and his might, aren't they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Yisra'el?

6 Ba`sha slept with his fathers, and was buried in Tirtzah; and Elah his son reigned in his place.

7 Moreover by the prophet Yehu the son of Hanani came the word of the LORD against Ba`sha, and against his house, both because of all the evil that he did in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger with the work of his hands, in being like the house of Yarov`am, and because he struck him.

8 In the twenty-sixth year of Asa king of Yehudah began Elah the son of Ba`sha to reign over Yisra'el in Tirtzah, [and reigned] two years.

9 His servant Zimri, captain of half his chariots, conspired against him. Now he was in Tirtzah, drinking himself drunk in the house of Artza, who was over the household in Tirtzah:

10 and Zimri went in and struck him, and killed him, in the twenty-seventh year of Asa king of Yehudah, and reigned in his place.

11 It happened, when he began to reign, as soon as he sat on his throne, that he struck all the house of Ba`sha: he didn't leave him a single man-child, neither of his relatives, nor of his friends.

12 Thus did Zimri destroy all the house of Ba`sha, according to the word of the LORD, which he spoke against Ba`sha by Yehu the prophet,

13 for all the sins of Ba`sha, and the sins of Elah his son, which they sinned, and with which they made Yisra'el to sin, to provoke the LORD, the God of Yisra'el, to anger with their vanities.

14 Now the rest of the acts of Elah, and all that he did, aren't they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Yisra'el?

15 In the twenty-seventh year of Asa king of Yehudah did Zimri reign seven days in Tirtzah. Now the people were encamped against Gibbeton, which belonged to the Pelishtim.

16 The people who were encamped heard say, Zimri has conspired, and has also struck the king: therefore all Yisra'el made `Omri, the captain of the host, king over Yisra'el that day in the camp.

17 `Omri went up from Gibbeton, and all Yisra'el with him, and they besieged Tirtzah.

18 It happened, when Zimri saw that the city was taken, that he went into the castle of the king's house, and burnt the king's house over him with fire, and died,

19 for his sins which he sinned in doing that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, in walking in the way of Yarov`am, and in his sin which he did, to make Yisra'el to sin.

20 Now the rest of the acts of Zimri, and his treason that he did, aren't they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Yisra'el?

21 Then were the people of Yisra'el divided into two parts: half of the people followed Tivni the son of Ginat, to make him king; and half followed `Omri.

22 But the people who followed `Omri prevailed against the people who followed Tivni the son of Ginat: so Tivni died, and `Omri reigned.

23 In the thirty-first year of Asa king of Yehudah began `Omri to reign over Yisra'el, [and reigned] twelve years: six years reigned he in Tirtzah.

24 He bought the hill Shomron of Shemer for two talents of silver; and he built on the hill, and called the name of the city which he built, after the name of Shemer, the owner of the hill, Shomron.

25 `Omri did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, and dealt wickedly above all who were before him.

26 For he walked in all the way of Yarov`am the son of Nevat, and in his sins with which he made Yisra'el to sin, to provoke the LORD, the God of Yisra'el, to anger with their vanities.

27 Now the rest of the acts of `Omri which he did, and his might that he shown, aren't they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Yisra'el?

28 So `Omri slept with his fathers, and was buried in Shomron; and Ach'av his son reigned in his place.

29 In the thirty-eighth year of Asa king of Yehudah began Ach'av the son of `Omri to reign over Yisra'el: and Ach'av the son of `Omri reigned over Yisra'el in Shomron twenty-two years.

30 Ach'av the son of `Omri did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD above all that were before him.

31 It happened, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Yarov`am the son of Nevat, that he took as wife Izevel the daughter of Etba`al king of the Tzidonim, and went and served Ba`al, and worshiped him.

32 He reared up an altar for Ba`al in the house of Ba`al, which he had built in Shomron.

33 Ach'av made the Asherah; and Ach'av did yet more to provoke the LORD, the God of Yisra'el, to anger than all the kings of Yisra'el who were before him.

34 In his days did Hi'el the Beit-Eli build Yericho: he laid the foundation of it with the loss of Aviram his firstborn, and set up the gates of it with the loss of his youngest son Seguv, according to the word of the LORD, which he spoke by Yehoshua the son of Nun.

1 Kings 16 Commentary

Chapter 16

The reigns of Baasha and Elah in Israel. (1-14) Reigns of Zimri and Omri in Israel. (15-28) Ahab's wickedness, Hiel rebuilds Jericho. (29-34)

Verses 1-14 This chapter relates wholly to the kingdom of Israel, and the revolutions of that kingdom. God calls Israel his people still, though wretchedly corrupted. Jehu foretells the same destruction to come upon Baasha's family, which that king had been employed to bring upon the family of Jeroboam. Those who resemble others in their sins, may expect to resemble them in the plagues they suffer, especially those who seem zealous against such sins in others as they allow in themselves. Baasha himself dies in peace, and is buried with honour. Herein plainly appears that there are punishments after death, which are most to be dreaded. Let Elah be a warning to drunkards, who know not but death may surprise them. Death easily comes upon men when they are drunk. Besides the diseases which men bring themselves into by drinking, when in that state, men are easily overcome by an enemy, and liable to bad accidents. Death comes terribly upon men in such a state, finding them in the act of sin, and unfitted for any act of devotion; that day comes upon them unawares. The word of God was fulfilled, and the sins of Baasha and Elah were reckoned for, with which they provoked God. Their idols are called their vanities, for idols cannot profit nor help; miserable are those whose gods are vanities.

Verses 15-28 When men forsake God, they will be left to plague one another. Proud aspiring men ruin one another. Omri struggled with Tibni some years. Though we do not always understand the rules by which God governs nations and individuals in his providence, we may learn useful lessons from the history before us. When tyrants succeed each other, and massacres, conspiracies, and civil wars, we may be sure the Lord has a controversy with the people for their sins; they are loudly called to repent and reform. Omri made himself infamous by his wickedness. Many wicked men have been men of might and renown; have built cities, and their names are found in history; but they have no name in the book of life.

Verses 29-34 Ahab did evil above all that reigned before him, and did it with a particular enmity both against Jehovah and Israel. He was not satisfied with breaking the second commandment by image-worship, he broke the first by worshipping other gods: making light of lesser sins makes way for greater. Marriages with daring offenders also imbolden in wickedness, and hurry men on to the greatest excesses. One of Ahab's subjects, following the example of his presumption, ventured to build Jericho. Like Achan, he meddled with the accursed thing; turned that to his own use, which was devoted to God's honour: he began to build, in defiance of the curse well devoted to God's honour: he began to build, in defiance of the curse well known in Israel; but none ever hardened his heart against God, and prospered. Let the reading of this chapter cause us to mark the dreadful end of all the workers of iniquity. And what does the history of all ungodly men furnish, what ever rank or situation they move in, but sad examples of the same?

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO 1 KINGS 16

This chapter contains a prophecy of the ruin of the family of Baasha, and an account of his death, 1Ki 16:1-7, and of his son's reigning in his stead two years, who was slain by Zimri one of his captains, 1Ki 16:8-14, and who reigned but seven days, 1Ki 16:15-20, and the people being divided between Tibni and Omri, the party for the latter prevailed, and he was made king, and reigned twelve years, 1Ki 16:21-28, and was succeeded by his son Ahab, a very wicked prince, 1Ki 16:29-33, and the chapter is concluded with the rebuilding of Jericho, 1Ki 16:34.