Jeremiah 49

A Message Concerning Ammon

1 Concerning the {Ammonites}: Thus says Yahweh, "Are there no sons for Israel? Or is there no heir for him? Why has Milcom taken possession of Gad, and his people dwelled in its towns?
2 {Therefore} look, days [are] coming," {declares} Yahweh, "and I will sound against Rabbah, the {Ammonites}, [the] alarm of [the] war, and it will become as a mound of desolation, and its daughters will burn in the fire. Then Israel will dispossess his dispossessors," says Yahweh.
3 "Wail, Heshbon, for Ai is devastated. Cry out, O daughters of Rabbah, put on sackcloth. Lament and run back and forth among the walls. For Milcom will go into exile, his priests and his officials together.
4 Why do you boast in [your] valleys? Your valleys [are] ebbing. O unfaithful daughter, who trusted in her treasures, [who said], 'Who will come against me?'
5 Look, I [am] going to bring dread on you," {declares} Lord Yahweh of hosts, "from all your surrounding [neighbors]. And you will be scattered, each one {before it}, and there is no [one who] gathers the fugitives.
6 Yet {afterward} I will restore the fortunes of the {Ammonites}," {declares} Yahweh.

A Message Concerning Edom

7 Concerning Edom, thus says Yahweh of hosts: "Is there no longer wisdom in Teman? Has counsel become lost from [those who] understand? Is their wisdom rotting?
8 Flee! Turn back! {Get down low}! O inhabitants of Dedan. For I will bring upon him the disaster of Esau [at the] time [when] I will punish him.
9 If grape-gatherers come to you, would they not leave gleanings? If thieves in the night, they destroy [only] {enough for them}.
10 But I have stripped Esau bare. I have uncovered his hiding places, and he is not able to hide himself. His offspring are devastated, {along with} his brothers, and his neighbors, and {he is no more}.
11 Leave your orphans. I will let [them] live. And your widows, let them trust in me."
12 For thus says Yahweh, "Look, those {who are not condemned} to drink the cup must certainly drink [it]. And [are] you the one who will go entirely unpunished? You will not go unpunished, for you must certainly drink [it].
13 For I have sworn by myself," {declares} Yahweh, "that Bozrah will become as a horror, as a disgrace, as a waste, and as a curse. And all her towns will be {everlasting sites of ruins}."
14 I have heard a message from Yahweh, and a messenger has been sent among the nations. "Gather and come against her, and rise for the battle."
15 "For look, I will make you small among the nations, despised by the humankind.
16 Your terror has deceived you, the pride of your heart, [O you who] dwell in the clefts of the rock, [you who] seize [the] height of [the] hill. Though you make your nest high like the eagle, from there I will bring you down," {declares} Yahweh.
17 "And Edom will become as a horror, {everyone who passes by it} will be appalled, and will hiss because of all its blows.
18 As the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah and their neighbors," says Yahweh, "{no one} will live there, and the son of humankind will not dwell as an alien in it.
19 Look, like a lion he comes up from the thickets of the Jordan to {a pastureland by a constantly flowing stream}. So {I will chase him away hurriedly} from it. And whoever [is] chosen I will appoint over it. For who [is] like me, and who can summon me? And who [is] this, [the] shepherd who can stand {before me}?"
20 {Therefore} hear the plan of Yahweh that he has planned against Edom, and his plans that he has planned against the inhabitants of Teman. {Surely} they will drag them away, the little [ones] of the flock. {Surely} he will cause to be desolated over them their grazing place.
21 The earth will quake from the sound of their falling. A cry of distress! Their voice will be heard at {the Red Sea}.
22 Look, like an eagle he will go up and he will swoop down, and he will spread out his wings against Bozrah. And the heart of the warriors of Edom will be in that day like [the] heart of a woman [who] is in labor.

A Message Concerning Damascus

23 Concerning Damascus: "Hamath and Arpad are ashamed, for they have heard bad news; they melt. [There is] concern in the sea. It is not able to keep quiet.
24 Damascus has grown slack. She has turned away to flee and panic. Anxiety has seized [her], and labor pains have grasped her, like a woman in labor.
25 How [the] city of praise has not been abandoned! The city of my joy!
26 {Therefore} her young men will fall in her public squares, and all {the soldiers} will perish in that day," {declares} Yahweh of hosts.
27 "And I will kindle a fire at the wall of Damascus, and it will devour the citadel fortresses of Ben-hadad."

A Message Concerning Kedar and the Kingdoms of Hazor

28 Concerning Kedar and concerning the kingdoms of Hazor that Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon defeated. Thus says Yahweh: "Rise up, go up against Kedar and destroy [the] people of [the] east.
29 They will take their tents, and their flocks, their tent curtains, and all their equipment, and their camels they will carry away for themselves, and they will call to them, 'Terror [is] from all around.'
30 Flee! Wander far away! {Get down low}! O inhabitants of Hazor," {declares} Yahweh. "For Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, has planned a plan against you. And he has schemed a scheme against you.
31 Rise up, go up against a nation [which is] at ease, living {securely}," {declares} Yahweh. "[There are] no gates and [there are] no bars for them, they dwell alone.
32 And their camels will become as plunder, and the multitude of their livestock as spoil. And I will scatter to every wind [those who] are trimmed to [the] side, and from {every side} I will bring their disaster," {declares} Yahweh.
33 "And Hazor will become as a lair of jackals, a waste forever; no one will live there, and no son of humankind will dwell as an alien in it."

A Message Concerning Elam

34 The word of Yahweh that came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning Elam at the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah the king of Judah, {saying},
35 "Thus says Yahweh of hosts: 'Look, I [am] going to break the bow of Elam, the first and best of their might.
36 And I will bring to Elam four winds, from the four corners of heaven, and I will scatter them to all these winds, and there will not be a nation where the scattered people of Elam will not go.
37 So I will shatter Elam {before} their enemies, and {before} the seekers of their life. And I will bring disaster upon them, {my burning anger},' {declares} Yahweh. 'And I will send after them the sword until I have destroyed them.
38 And I will set my throne in Elam and I will destroy from there king and officials,' {declares} Yahweh.
39 '{And then} in the last of the days I will restore the fortunes of Elam,' {declares} Yahweh."

Jeremiah 49 Commentary

Chapter 49

Prophecies relative to the Ammonites. (1-6) The Edomites. (7-22) The Syrians. (23-27) The Kedarenes. (28-33) The Elamites. (34-39)

1-6. Might often prevails against right among men, yet that might shall be controlled by the Almighty, who judges aright; and those will find themselves mistaken, who, like the Ammonites, think every thing their own on which they can lay their hands. The Lord will call men to account for every instance of dishonesty, especially to the destitute.

Verses 7-22 The Edomites were old enemies to the Israel of God. But their day is now at hand; it is foretold, not only to warn them, but for the sake of the Israel of God, whose afflictions were aggravated by them. Thus Divine judgments go round from nation to nation; the earth is full of commotion, and nothing can escape the ministers of Divine vengeance. The righteousness of God is to be observed amidst the violence of men.

Verses 23-27 How easily God can dispirit those nations that have been most celebrated for valour! Damascus waxes feeble. It was a city of joy, having all the delights of the sons of men. But those deceive themselves who place their happiness in carnal joys.

Verses 28-33 Nebuchadnezzar would make desolation among the people of Kedar, who dwelt in the deserts of Arabia. He who conquered many strong cities, will not leave those unconquered that dwell in tents. He will do this to gratify his own covetousness and ambition; but God orders it for correcting an unthankful people, and for warning a careless world to expect trouble when they seem most safe. They shall flee, get far off, and dwell deep in the deserts; they shall be dispersed. But privacy and obscurity are not always protection and security.

Verses 34-39 The Elamites were the Persians; they acted against God's Israel, and must be reckoned with. Evil pursues sinners. God will make them know that he reigns. Yet the destruction of Elam shall not be for ever. But this promise was to have its full accomplishment in the days of the Messiah. In reading the Divine assurance of the destruction of all the enemies of the church, the believer sees that the issue of the holy war is not doubtful. It is blessed to recollect, that He who is for us, is more than all against us. And he will subdue the enemies of our souls.

Footnotes 53

  • [a]. Literally "sons of Ammon"
  • [b]. Literally "To thus"
  • [c]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [d]. Literally "sons of Ammon"
  • [e]. Hebrew "valley"
  • [f]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [g]. Literally "to the face of it"
  • [h]. Hebrew "fugitive"
  • [i]. Literally "after thus"
  • [j]. Hebrew "fortune"
  • [k]. Literally "sons of Ammon"
  • [l]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [m]. Literally "make deep to dwell"
  • [n]. Literally "their enough"
  • [o]. Literally "and"
  • [p]. Literally "and not he"
  • [q]. Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [r]. Literally "who there is not their justice"
  • [s]. Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [t]. Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [u]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [v]. Literally "sites of ruins of eternity"
  • [w]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [x]. Literally "all [who] passes by it"
  • [y]. Literally "not a man"
  • [z]. Literally "a pasture of everflowing"
  • [aa]. Literally "I will do in an instant I will chase him away"
  • [ab]. Literally "to the face of me"
  • [ac]. Literally "To thus"
  • [ad]. Literally "If not"
  • [ae]. Literally "If not"
  • [af]. Hebrew "Sea of Reeds"
  • [ag]. Literally "To thus"
  • [ah]. Literally "the men of the battle"
  • [ai]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [aj]. Literally "Make deep to dwell"
  • [ak]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [al]. Or "planned"
  • [am]. Or "plan"
  • [an]. Literally "with confidence"
  • [ao]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [ap]. Hebrew "bar"
  • [aq]. Literally "all his sides"
  • [ar]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [as]. Literally "to say"
  • [at]. Literally "to the face of"
  • [au]. Literally "to the face of"
  • [av]. Literally "the blaze of my nose"
  • [aw]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [ax]. Literally "a declaration of"
  • [ay]. Literally "And it will happen"
  • [az]. Hebrew "fortune"
  • [ba]. Literally "a declaration of"

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO JEREMIAH 49

This chapter contains prophecies concerning the judgments of God on several nations and kingdoms, chiefly bordering on the land of Israel; on the Ammonites, Jer 49:1-6; on the Edomites, Jer 49:7-22; on the kingdom of Damascus, or the Syrians, Jer 49:23-27; on the Kedarenes or Arabians, Jer 49:28-33; and on the Elamites or Persians, Jer 49:34-39.

Jeremiah 49 Commentaries

Scripture quotations marked (LEB) are from the Lexham English Bible. Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software.