1 Chronicles 24:31

31 Also and they sent lots (over) against their brethren, the sons of Aaron, before David the king, and before Zadok, and Ahimelech, and before the princes of the families of [the] priests, and of deacons; [the] lot parted evenly all things, both the greater and the less. (And they cast lots side by side with their kinsmen, the sons of Aaron, before King David, and Zadok, and Ahimelech, and the leaders of the families of the priests, and of the Levites; and the lot evenly divided all, both the greater and the lesser alike.)

1 Chronicles 24:31 Meaning and Commentary

1 Chronicles 24:31

These likewise cast lots over against their brethren, the
sons of Aaron
These, being divided into twenty four classes also, cast lots, which class should answer to, attend upon, and serve the first course of the priests, and which the second, and so on. And this they did in the same solemn and public manner as the priests had done:

in the presence of David the king, and Zadok, and Ahimelech, and the
chief of the fathers of the priests and Levites;
as in ( 1 Chronicles 24:6 )

even the principal fathers over against their younger brethren;
the sense is, either that the one stood over against the other, to be distributed by lot, the one as well as the other; or they were chosen by lot, let it fall as it would, without any regard to age or dignity, to the seniority or largeness of houses and families; but as they were chosen, be they younger or elder, richer or poorer, their families more or less numerous and ancient, so they took their places.

1 Chronicles 24:31 In-Context

29 and the son of Kish was Jerahmeel;

30 the sons of Mushi were Mahli, Eder, and Jerimoth. These were the sons of Levi, by the houses of their families.

31 Also and they sent lots (over) against their brethren, the sons of Aaron, before David the king, and before Zadok, and Ahimelech, and before the princes of the families of [the] priests, and of deacons; [the] lot parted evenly all things, both the greater and the less. (And they cast lots side by side with their kinsmen, the sons of Aaron, before King David, and Zadok, and Ahimelech, and the leaders of the families of the priests, and of the Levites; and the lot evenly divided all, both the greater and the lesser alike.)