Romans 1 (New International Version)

Footnotes (a-z)
Cross references (#)
One verse per line

1 Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle¹ and set apart² for the gospel of God³-- 2 the gospel he promised beforehand⁴ through his prophets⁵ in the Holy Scriptures⁶ 3 regarding his Son, who as to his human nature⁷ was a descendant of David,⁸ 4 and who through the Spirit^a of holiness was declared with power to be the Son of God^b⁹ by his resurrection from the dead:¹⁰ Jesus Christ our Lord.¹¹ 5 Through him and for his name's sake, we received grace¹² and apostleship to call people from among all the Gentiles¹³ to the obedience that comes from faith.¹⁴ 6 And you also are among those who are called to belong to Jesus Christ.¹⁵ 7 To all in Rome who are loved by God¹⁶ and called to be saints:¹⁷ Grace and peace to you from God our Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ.¹⁸

Paul's Longing to Visit Rome

8 First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for all of you,¹⁹ because your faith is being reported all over the world.²⁰ 9 God, whom I serve²¹ with my whole heart in preaching the gospel of his Son, is my witness²² how constantly I remember you 10 in my prayers at all times;²³ and I pray that now at last by God's will²⁴ the way may be opened for me to come to you.²⁵ 11 I long to see you²⁶ so that I may impart to you some spiritual gift²⁷ to make you strong-- 12 that is, that you and I may be mutually encouraged by each other's faith. 13 I do not want you to be unaware,²⁸ brothers,²⁹ that I planned many times to come to you (but have been prevented from doing so until now)³⁰ in order that I might have a harvest among you, just as I have had among the other Gentiles. 14 I am obligated³¹ both to Greeks and non-Greeks, both to the wise and the foolish. 15 That is why I am so eager to preach the gospel also to you who are at Rome.³² 16 I am not ashamed of the gospel,³³ because it is the power of God³⁴ for the salvation of everyone who believes:³⁵ first for the Jew,³⁶ then for the Gentile.³⁷ 17 For in the gospel a righteousness from God is revealed,³⁸ a righteousness that is by faith³⁹ from first to last,^c just as it is written: "The righteous will live by faith."^d⁴⁰

God's Wrath Against Mankind

18 The wrath of God⁴¹ is being revealed from heaven against all the godlessness and wickedness of men who suppress the truth by their wickedness, 19 since what may be known about God is plain to them, because God has made it plain to them.⁴² 20 For since the creation of the world God's invisible qualities--his eternal power and divine nature--have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made,⁴³ so that men are without excuse.⁴⁴ 21 For although they knew God, they neither glorified him as God nor gave thanks to him, but their thinking became futile and their foolish hearts were darkened.⁴⁵ 22 Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools⁴⁶ 23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images⁴⁷ made to look like mortal man and birds and animals and reptiles. 24 Therefore God gave them over⁴⁸ in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another.⁴⁹ 25 They exchanged the truth of God for a lie,⁵⁰ and worshiped and served created things⁵¹ rather than the Creator--who is forever praised.⁵² Amen.⁵³ 26 Because of this, God gave them over⁵⁴ to shameful lusts.⁵⁵ Even their women exchanged natural relations for unnatural ones.⁵⁶ 27 In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed with lust for one another. Men committed indecent acts with other men, and received in themselves the due penalty for their perversion.⁵⁷ 28 Furthermore, since they did not think it worthwhile to retain the knowledge of God, he gave them over⁵⁸ to a depraved mind, to do what ought not to be done. 29 They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit and malice. They are gossips,⁵⁹ 30 slanderers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant and boastful; they invent ways of doing evil; they disobey their parents;⁶⁰ 31 they are senseless, faithless, heartless,⁶¹ ruthless. 32 Although they know God's righteous decree that those who do such things deserve death,⁶² they not only continue to do these very things but also approve⁶³ of those who practice them.

View in parallel Compare Translations

Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide. (New International Version)

Study Tools Footnotes Cross References

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

Geneva Study Bible

John Darby's Synopsis of the New Testament

John Gill's Exposition of the Bible

Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete)

Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Concise)

People's New Testament

Robertson's Word Pictures of the New Testament

Scofield Reference Notes (1917 Edition)

Treasury Of Scripture Knowledge

Wesley's Explanatory Notes

a. Romans 1:4 - Or "who as to his spirit"

b. Romans 1:4 - Or "was appointed to be the Son of God with power"

c. Romans 1:17 - Or "is from faith to faith"

d. Romans 1:17 - Hab. 2:4

1. Romans 1:1 - S 1Co 1:1

2. Romans 1:1 - S Ac 9:15

3. Romans 1:1 - Ro 15:16; S 2Co 2:12; 11:7; 1Th 2:8,9; 1Pe 4:17

4. Romans 1:2 - S Ac 13:32; Tit 1:2

5. Romans 1:2 - Lk 1:70; Ro 3:21

6. Romans 1:2 - Gal 3:8

7. Romans 1:3 - S Jn 1:14; Ro 9:5

8. Romans 1:3 - S Mt 1:1

9. Romans 1:4 - S Mt 4:3

10. Romans 1:4 - S Ac 2:24

11. Romans 1:4 - 1Co 1:2

12. Romans 1:5 - 1Ti 1:14

13. Romans 1:5 - S Ac 9:15

14. Romans 1:5 - Ac 6:7; Ro 16:26

15. Romans 1:6 - Jude 1; Rev 17:14

16. Romans 1:7 - Ro 8:39; 1Th 1:4

17. Romans 1:7 - S Ac 9:13

18. Romans 1:7 - 1Co 1:3; Eph 1:2; 1Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; 1Pe 1:2

19. Romans 1:8 - 1Co 1:4; Eph 1:16; 1Th 2:13; 2Th 1:3; 2Ti 1:3

20. Romans 1:8 - S Ro 10:18; 16:19

21. Romans 1:9 - 2Ti 1:3

22. Romans 1:9 - Job 16:19; Jer 42:5; 2Co 1:23; Gal 1:20; Php 1:8; 1Th 2:5,10

23. Romans 1:10 - 1Sa 12:23; S Lk 18:1; S Ac 1:14; Eph 1:16; Php 1:4; Col 1:9; 2Th 1:11; 2Ti 1:3; Phm 4

24. Romans 1:10 - S Ac 18:21

25. Romans 1:10 - ver 13; Ro 15:32

26. Romans 1:11 - Ro 15:23

27. Romans 1:11 - 1Co 1:7; 12:1-31

28. Romans 1:13 - S Ro 11:25

29. Romans 1:13 - S Ro 7:1

30. Romans 1:13 - Ro 15:22,23

31. Romans 1:14 - 1Co 9:16

32. Romans 1:15 - Ro 15:20

33. Romans 1:16 - 2Ti 1:8

34. Romans 1:16 - 1Co 1:18

35. Romans 1:16 - S Jn 3:15

36. Romans 1:16 - Ac 3:26; 13:46

37. Romans 1:16 - S Ac 13:46; Ro 2:9,10

38. Romans 1:17 - Ro 3:21; Php 3:9

39. Romans 1:17 - S Ro 9:30

40. Romans 1:17 - Hab 2:4; Gal 3:11; Heb 10:38

41. Romans 1:18 - Jn 3:36; Ro 5:9; Eph 5:6; Col 3:6; 1Th 1:10; Rev 19:15

42. Romans 1:19 - Ac 14:17

43. Romans 1:20 - Ps 19:1-6

44. Romans 1:20 - Ro 2:1

45. Romans 1:21 - Ge 8:21; Jer 2:5; 17:9; Eph 4:17,18

46. Romans 1:22 - 1Co 1:20,27; 3:18,19

47. Romans 1:23 - Dt 4:16,17; Ps 106:20; Jer 2:11; Ac 17:29

48. Romans 1:24 - ver 26,28; Ps 81:12; Eph 4:19

49. Romans 1:24 - 1Pe 4:3

50. Romans 1:25 - Isa 44:20

51. Romans 1:25 - Jer 10:14; 13:25; 16:19,20

52. Romans 1:25 - Ro 9:5; 2Co 11:31

53. Romans 1:25 - S Ro 11:36

54. Romans 1:26 - ver 24,28

55. Romans 1:26 - Eph 4:19; 1Th 4:5

56. Romans 1:26 - Lev 18:22,23

57. Romans 1:27 - Lev 18:22; 20:13; 1Co 6:18

58. Romans 1:28 - ver 24,26

59. Romans 1:29 - 2Co 12:20; 1Ti 5:13; Jas 3:2; 3Jn 10

60. Romans 1:30 - 2Ti 3:2

61. Romans 1:31 - 2Ti 3:3

62. Romans 1:32 - S Ro 6:23

63. Romans 1:32 - Ps 50:18; Lk 11:48; Ac 8:1; 22:20

Link Options

Share on Facebook Tweet More Options

[X] E-mail this link Post this link to your blog or web page

Popular Resources

Bible Versions Interlinear Bible Parallel Bible Commentaries Concordances Dictionaries Encyclopedias Lexicons History Linking to BST Sermon Helps Sermon Illustrations Topical Verses