Luke 22

1 adpropinquabat autem dies festus azymorum qui dicitur pascha

2 et quaerebant principes sacerdotum et scribae quomodo eum interficerent timebant vero plebem

3 intravit autem Satanas in Iudam qui cognominatur Scarioth unum de duodecim

4 et abiit et locutus est cum principibus sacerdotum et magistratibus quemadmodum illum traderet eis

5 et gavisi sunt et pacti sunt pecuniam illi dare

6 et spopondit et quaerebat oportunitatem ut traderet illum sine turbis

7 venit autem dies azymorum in qua necesse erat occidi pascha

8 et misit Petrum et Iohannem dicens euntes parate nobis pascha ut manducemus

9 at illi dixerunt ubi vis paremus

10 et dixit ad eos ecce introeuntibus vobis in civitatem occurret vobis homo amphoram aquae portans sequimini eum in domum in qua intrat

11 et dicetis patri familias domus dicit tibi magister ubi est diversorium ubi pascha cum discipulis meis manducem

12 et ipse vobis ostendet cenaculum magnum stratum et ibi parate

13 euntes autem invenerunt sicut dixit illis et paraverunt pascha

14 et cum facta esset hora discubuit et duodecim apostoli cum eo

15 et ait illis desiderio desideravi hoc pascha manducare vobiscum antequam patiar

16 dico enim vobis quia ex hoc non manducabo illud donec impleatur in regno Dei

17 et accepto calice gratias egit et dixit accipite et dividite inter vos

18 dico enim vobis quod non bibam de generatione vitis donec regnum Dei veniat

19 et accepto pane gratias egit et fregit et dedit eis dicens hoc est corpus meum quod pro vobis datur hoc facite in meam commemorationem

20 similiter et calicem postquam cenavit dicens hic est calix novum testamentum in sanguine meo quod pro vobis funditur

21 verumtamen ecce manus tradentis me mecum est in mensa

22 et quidem Filius hominis secundum quod definitum est vadit verumtamen vae illi homini per quem traditur

23 et ipsi coeperunt quaerere inter se quis esset ex eis qui hoc facturus esset

24 facta est autem et contentio inter eos quis eorum videretur esse maior

25 dixit autem eis reges gentium dominantur eorum et qui potestatem habent super eos benefici vocantur

26 vos autem non sic sed qui maior est in vobis fiat sicut iunior et qui praecessor est sicut ministrator

27 nam quis maior est qui recumbit an qui ministrat nonne qui recumbit ego autem in medio vestrum sum sicut qui ministrat

28 vos autem estis qui permansistis mecum in temptationibus meis

29 et ego dispono vobis sicut disposuit mihi Pater meus regnum

30 ut edatis et bibatis super mensam meam in regno et sedeatis super thronos iudicantes duodecim tribus Israhel

31 ait autem Dominus Simon Simon ecce Satanas expetivit vos ut cribraret sicut triticum

32 ego autem rogavi pro te ut non deficiat fides tua et tu aliquando conversus confirma fratres tuos

33 qui dixit ei Domine tecum paratus sum et in carcerem et in mortem ire

34 et ille dixit dico tibi Petre non cantabit hodie gallus donec ter abneges nosse me

35 et dixit eis quando misi vos sine sacculo et pera et calciamentis numquid aliquid defuit vobis at illi dixerunt nihil

36 dixit ergo eis sed nunc qui habet sacculum tollat similiter et peram et qui non habet vendat tunicam suam et emat gladium

37 dico enim vobis quoniam adhuc hoc quod scriptum est oportet impleri in me et quod cum iniustis deputatus est etenim ea quae sunt de me finem habent

38 at illi dixerunt Domine ecce gladii duo hic at ille dixit eis satis est

39 et egressus ibat secundum consuetudinem in montem Olivarum secuti sunt autem illum et discipuli

40 et cum pervenisset ad locum dixit illis orate ne intretis in temptationem

41 et ipse avulsus est ab eis quantum iactus est lapidis et positis genibus orabat

42 dicens Pater si vis transfer calicem istum a me verumtamen non mea voluntas sed tua fiat

43 apparuit autem illi angelus de caelo confortans eum et factus in agonia prolixius orabat

44 et factus est sudor eius sicut guttae sanguinis decurrentis in terram

45 et cum surrexisset ab oratione et venisset ad discipulos suos invenit eos dormientes prae tristitia

46 et ait illis quid dormitis surgite orate ne intretis in temptationem

47 adhuc eo loquente ecce turba et qui vocabatur Iudas unus de duodecim antecedebat eos et adpropinquavit Iesu ut oscularetur eum

48 Iesus autem dixit ei Iuda osculo Filium hominis tradis

49 videntes autem hii qui circa ipsum erant quod futurum erat dixerunt ei Domine si percutimus in gladio

50 et percussit unus ex illis servum principis sacerdotum et amputavit auriculam eius dextram

51 respondens autem Iesus ait sinite usque huc et cum tetigisset auriculam eius sanavit eum

52 dixit autem Iesus ad eos qui venerant ad se principes sacerdotum et magistratus templi et seniores quasi ad latronem existis cum gladiis et fustibus

53 cum cotidie vobiscum fuerim in templo non extendistis manus in me sed haec est hora vestra et potestas tenebrarum

54 conprehendentes autem eum duxerunt ad domum principis sacerdotum Petrus vero sequebatur a longe

55 accenso autem igni in medio atrio et circumsedentibus illis erat Petrus in medio eorum

56 quem cum vidisset ancilla quaedam sedentem ad lumen et eum fuisset intuita dixit et hic cum illo erat

57 at ille negavit eum dicens mulier non novi illum

58 et post pusillum alius videns eum dixit et tu de illis es Petrus vero ait o homo non sum

59 et intervallo facto quasi horae unius alius quidam adfirmabat dicens vere et hic cum illo erat nam et Galilaeus est

60 et ait Petrus homo nescio quod dicis et continuo adhuc illo loquente cantavit gallus

61 et conversus Dominus respexit Petrum et recordatus est Petrus verbi Domini sicut dixit quia priusquam gallus cantet ter me negabis

62 et egressus foras Petrus flevit amare

63 et viri qui tenebant illum inludebant ei caedentes

64 et velaverunt eum et percutiebant faciem eius et interrogabant eum dicentes prophetiza quis est qui te percussit

65 et alia multa blasphemantes dicebant in eum

66 et ut factus est dies convenerunt seniores plebis et principes sacerdotum et scribae et duxerunt illum in concilium suum dicentes si tu es Christus dic nobis

67 et ait illis si vobis dixero non creditis mihi

68 si autem et interrogavero non respondebitis mihi neque dimittetis

69 ex hoc autem erit Filius hominis sedens a dextris virtutis Dei

70 dixerunt autem omnes tu ergo es Filius Dei qui ait vos dicitis quia ego sum

71 at illi dixerunt quid adhuc desideramus testimonium ipsi enim audivimus de ore eius

Luke 22 Commentary

Chapter 22

The treachery of Judas. (1-6) The passover. (7-18) The Lord's supper instituted. (19,20) Christ admonishes the disciples. (21-38) Christ's agony in the garden. (39-46) Christ betrayed. (47-53) The fall of Peter. (54-62) Christ confesses himself to be the Son of God. (63-71)

Verses 1-6 Christ knew all men, and had wise and holy ends in taking Judas to be a disciple. How he who knew Christ so well, came to betray him, we are here told; Satan entered into Judas. It is hard to say whether more mischief is done to Christ's kingdom, by the power of its open enemies, or by the treachery of its pretended friends; but without the latter, its enemies could not do so much evil as they do.

Verses 7-18 Christ kept the ordinances of the law, particularly that of the passover, to teach us to observe his gospel institutions, and most of all that of the Lord's supper. Those who go upon Christ's word, need not fear disappointment. According to the orders given them, the disciples got all ready for the passover. Jesus bids this passover welcome. He desired it, though he knew his sufferings would follow, because it was in order to his Father's glory and man's redemption. He takes his leave of all passovers, signifying thereby his doing away all the ordinances of the ceremonial law, of which the passover was one of the earliest and chief. That type was laid aside, because now in the kingdom of God the substance was come.

Verses 19-20 The Lord's supper is a sign or memorial of Christ already come, who by dying delivered us; his death is in special manner set before us in that ordinance, by which we are reminded of it. The breaking of Christ's body as a sacrifice for us, is therein brought to our remembrance by the breaking of bread. Nothing can be more nourishing and satisfying to the soul, than the doctrine of Christ's making atonement for sin, and the assurance of an interest in that atonement. Therefore we do this in rememberance of what He did for us, when he died for us; and for a memorial of what we do, in joining ourselves to him in an everlasting covenant. The shedding of Christ's blood, by which the atonement was made, is represented by the wine in the cup.

Verses 21-38 How unbecoming is the worldly ambition of being the greatest, to the character of a follower of Jesus, who took upon him the form of a servant, and humbled himself to the death of the cross! In the way to eternal happiness, we must expect to be assaulted and sifted by Satan. If he cannot destroy, he will try to disgrace or distress us. Nothing more certainly forebodes a fall, in a professed follower of Christ, than self-confidence, with disregard to warnings, and contempt of danger. Unless we watch and pray always, we may be drawn in the course of the day into those sins which we were in the morning most resolved against. If believers were left to themselves, they would fall; but they are kept by the power of God, and the prayer of Christ. Our Lord gave notice of a very great change of circumstances now approaching. The disciples must not expect that their friends would be kind to them as they had been. Therefore, he that has a purse, let him take it, for he may need it. They must now expect that their enemies would be more fierce than they had been, and they would need weapons. At the time the apostles understood Christ to mean real weapons, but he spake only of the weapons of the spiritual warfare. The sword of the Spirit is the sword with which the disciples of Christ must furnish themselves.

Verses 39-46 Every description which the evangelists give of the state of mind in which our Lord entered upon this conflict, proves the tremendous nature of the assault, and the perfect foreknowledge of its terrors possessed by the meek and lowly Jesus. Here are three things not in the other evangelists. 1. When Christ was in his agony, there appeared to him an angel from heaven, strengthening him. It was a part of his humiliation that he was thus strengthened by a ministering spirit. 2. Being in agony, he prayed more earnestly. Prayer, though never out of season, is in a special manner seasonable when we are in an agony. 3. In this agony his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down. This showed the travail of his soul. We should pray also to be enabled to resist unto the shedding of our blood, striving against sin, if ever called to it. When next you dwell in imagination upon the delights of some favourite sin, think of its effects as you behold them here! See its fearful effects in the garden of Gethsemane, and desire, by the help of God, deeply to hate and to forsake that enemy, to ransom sinners from whom the Redeemer prayed, agonized, and bled.

Verses 47-53 Nothing can be a greater affront or grief to the Lord Jesus, than to be betrayed by those who profess to be his followers, and say that they love him. Many instances there are, of Christ's being betrayed by those who, under the form of godliness, fight against the power of it. Jesus here gave an illustrious example of his own rule of doing good to those that hate us, as afterwards he did of praying for those that despitefully use us. Corrupt nature warps our conduct to extremes; we should seek for the Lord's direction before we act in difficult circumstances. Christ was willing to wait for his triumphs till his warfare was accomplished, and we must be so too. But the hour and the power of darkness were short, and such the triumphs of the wicked always will be.

Verses 54-62 Peter's fall was his denying that he knew Christ, and was his disciple; disowning him because of distress and danger. He that has once told a lie, is strongly tempted to persist: the beginning of that sin, like strife, is as the letting forth of water. The Lord turned and looked upon Peter. 1. It was a convincing look. Jesus turned and looked upon him, as if he should say, Dost thou not know me, Peter? 2. It was a chiding look. Let us think with what a rebuking countenance Christ may justly look upon us when we have sinned. 3. It was an expostulating look. Thou who wast the most forward to confess me to be the Son of God, and didst solemnly promise thou wouldest never disown me! 4. It was a compassionate look. Peter, how art thou fallen and undone if I do not help thee! 5. It was a directing look, to go and bethink himself. 6. It was a significant look; it signified the conveying of grace to Peter's heart, to enable him to repent. The grace of God works in and by the word of God, brings that to mind, and sets that home upon the conscience, and so gives the soul the happy turn. Christ looked upon the chief priests, and made no impression upon them as he did on Peter. It was not the mere look from Christ, but the Divine grace with it, that restored Peter.

Verses 63-71 Those that condemned Jesus for a blasphemer, were the vilest blasphemers. He referred them to his second coming, for the full proof of his being the Christ, to their confusion, since they would not admit the proof of it to their conviction. He owns himself to be the Son of God, though he knew he should suffer for it. Upon this they ground his condemnation. Their eyes being blinded, they rush on. Let us meditate on this amazing transaction, and consider Him who endured such contradiction of sinners against himself.