Lucas 23

1 E levantando-se toda a multidão deles, conduziram Jesus a Pilatos.
2 E começaram a acusá-lo, dizendo: Achamos este homem pervertendo a nossa nação, proibindo dar o tributo a César, e dizendo ser ele mesmo Cristo, rei.
3 Pilatos, pois, perguntou-lhe: És tu o rei dos judeus? Respondeu-lhe Jesus: É como dizes.
4 Então disse Pilatos aos principais sacerdotes, e �s multidões: Não acho culpa alguma neste homem
5 Eles, porém, insistiam ainda mais, dizendo: Alvoroça o povo ensinando por toda a Judéia, começando desde a Galiléia até aqui.
6 Então Pilatos, ouvindo isso, perguntou se o homem era galileu;
7 e, quando soube que era da jurisdição de Herodes, remeteu-o a Herodes, que também naqueles dias estava em Jerusalém.
8 Ora, quando Herodes viu a Jesus, alegrou-se muito; pois de longo tempo desejava vê-lo, por ter ouvido falar a seu respeito; e esperava ver algum sinal feito por ele;
9 e fazia-lhe muitas perguntas; mas ele nada lhe respondeu.
10 Estavam ali os principais sacerdotes, e os escribas, acusando-o com grande veemência.
11 Herodes, porém, com os seus soldados, desprezou-o e, escarnecendo dele, vestiu-o com uma roupa resplandecente e tornou a enviá-lo a Pilatos.
12 Nesse mesmo dia Pilatos e Herodes tornaram-se amigos; pois antes andavam em inimizade um com o outro.
13 Então Pilatos convocou os principais sacerdotes, as autoridades e o povo,
14 e disse-lhes: Apresentastes-me este homem como pervertedor do povo; e eis que, interrogando-o diante de vós, não achei nele nenhuma culpa, das de que o acusais
15 nem tampouco Herodes, pois no-lo tornou a enviar; e eis que não tem feito ele coisa alguma digna de morte.
16 Castigá-lo-ei, pois, e o soltarei.
17 [E era-lhe necessário soltar-lhes um pela festa.]
18 Mas todos clamaram � uma, dizendo: Fora com este, e solta-nos Barrabás!
19 Ora, Barrabás fora lançado na prisão por causa de uma sedição feita na cidade, e de um homicídio
20 Mais uma vez, pois, falou-lhes Pilatos, querendo soltar a Jesus.
21 Eles, porém, brandavam, dizendo: Crucifica-o! crucifica-o
22 Falou-lhes, então, pela terceira vez: Pois, que mal fez ele? Não achei nele nenhuma culpa digna de morte. Castigá-lo-ei, pois, e o soltarei.
23 Mas eles instavam com grandes brados, pedindo que fosse crucificado. E prevaleceram os seus clamores.
24 Então Pilatos resolveu atender-lhes o pedido;
25 e soltou-lhes o que fora lançado na prisão por causa de sedição e de homicídio, que era o que eles pediam; mas entregou Jesus � vontade deles.
26 Quando o levaram dali tomaram um certo Simão, cireneu, que vinha do campo, e puseram-lhe a cruz �s costas, para que a levasse após Jesus.
27 Seguia-o grande multidão de povo e de mulheres, as quais o pranteavam e lamentavam.
28 Jesus, porém, voltando-se para elas, disse: Filhas de Jerusalém, não choreis por mim; chorai antes por vós mesmas, e por vossos filhos.
29 Porque dias hão de vir em que se dirá: Bem-aventuradas as estéreis, e os ventres que não geraram, e os peitos que não amamentaram!
30 Então começarão a dizer aos montes: Caí sobre nós; e aos outeiros: Cobri-nos.
31 Porque, se isto se faz no lenho verde, que se fará no seco?
32 E levavam também com ele outros dois, que eram malfeitores, para serem mortos.
33 Quando chegaram ao lugar chamado Caveira, ali o crucificaram, a ele e também aos malfeitores, um � direita e outro � esquerda.
34 Jesus, porém, dizia: Pai, perdoa-lhes; porque não sabem o que fazem. Então repartiram as vestes dele, deitando sortes sobre elas.
35 E o povo estava ali a olhar. E as próprias autoridades zombavam dele, dizendo: Aos outros salvou; salve-se a si mesmo, se é o Cristo, o escolhido de Deus.
36 Os soldados também o escarneciam, chegando-se a ele, oferecendo-lhe vinagre
37 e dizendo: Se tu és o rei dos judeus, salva-te a ti mesmo.
38 Por cima dele estava esta inscrição [em letras gregas, romanas e hebraicas:] ESTE É O REI DOS JUDEUS
39 Então um dos malfeitores que estavam pendurados, blasfemava dele, dizendo: Não és tu o Cristo? salva-te a ti mesmo e a nós.
40 Respondendo, porém, o outro, repreendia-o, dizendo: Nem ao menos temes a Deus, estando na mesma condenação?
41 E nós, na verdade, com justiça; porque recebemos o que os nossos feitos merecem; mas este nenhum mal fez.
42 Então disse: Jesus, lembra-te de mim, quando entrares no teu reino.
43 Respondeu-lhe Jesus: Em verdade te digo que hoje estarás comigo no paraíso.
44 Era já quase a hora sexta, e houve trevas em toda a terra até a hora nona, pois o sol se escurecera;
45 e rasgou-se ao meio o véu do santuário.
46 Jesus, clamando com grande voz, disse: Pai, nas tuas mãos entrego o meu espírito. E, havendo dito isso, expirou.
47 Quando o centurião viu o que acontecera, deu glória a Deus, dizendo: Na verdade, este homem era justo.
48 E todas as multidões que presenciaram este espetáculo, vendo o que havia acontecido, voltaram batendo no peito.
49 Entretanto, todos os conhecidos de Jesus, e as mulheres que o haviam seguido desde a Galiléia, estavam de longe vendo estas coisas.
50 Então um homem chamado José, natural de Arimatéia, cidade dos judeus, membro do sinédrio, homem bom e justo,
51 o qual não tinha consentido no conselho e nos atos dos outros, e que esperava o reino de Deus,
52 chegando a Pilatos, pediu-lhe o corpo de Jesus;
53 e tirando-o da cruz, envolveu-o num pano de linho, e pô-lo num sepulcro escavado em rocha, onde ninguém ainda havia sido posto.
54 Era o dia da preparação, e ia começar o sábado.
55 E as mulheres que tinham vindo com ele da Galiléia, seguindo a José, viram o sepulcro, e como o corpo foi ali depositado.
56 Então voltaram e prepararam especiarias e unguentos. E no sábado repousaram, conforme o mandamento.

Lucas 23 Commentary

Chapter 23

Christ before Pilate. (1-5) Christ before Herod. (6-12) Barabbas preferred to Christ. (13-25) Christ speaks of the destruction of Jerusalem. (26-31) The crucifixion, The repentant malefactor. (32-43) The death of Christ. (44-49) The burial of Christ. (50-56)

Verses 1-5 Pilate well understood the difference between armed forces and our Lord's followers. But instead of being softened by Pilate's declaration of his innocence, and considering whether they were not bringing the guilt of innocent blood upon themselves, the Jews were the more angry. The Lord brings his designs to a glorious end, even by means of those who follow the devices of their own hearts. Thus all parties joined, so as to prove the innocence of Jesus, who was the atoning sacrifice for our sins.

Verses 6-12 Herod had heard many things of Jesus in Galilee, and out of curiosity longed to see him. The poorest beggar that asked a miracle for the relief of his necessity, was never denied; but this proud prince, who asked for a miracle only to gratify his curiosity, is refused. He might have seen Christ and his wondrous works in Galilee, and would not, therefore it is justly said, Now he would see them, and shall not. Herod sent Christ again to Pilate: the friendships of wicked men are often formed by union in wickedness. They agree in little, except in enmity to God, and contempt of Christ.

Verses 13-25 The fear of man brings many into this snare, that they will do an unjust thing, against their consciences, rather than get into trouble. Pilate declares Jesus innocent, and has a mind to release him; yet, to please the people, he would punish him as an evil-doer. If no fault be found in him, why chastise him? Pilate yielded at length; he had not courage to go against so strong a stream. He delivered Jesus to their will, to be crucified.

Verses 26-31 We have here the blessed Jesus, the Lamb of God, led as a lamb to the slaughter, to the sacrifice. Though many reproached and reviled him, yet some pitied him. But the death of Christ was his victory and triumph over his enemies: it was our deliverance, the purchase of eternal life for us. Therefore weep not for him, but let us weep for our own sins, and the sins of our children, which caused his death; and weep for fear of the miseries we shall bring upon ourselves, if we slight his love, and reject his grace. If God delivered him up to such sufferings as these, because he was made a sacrifice for sin, what will he do with sinners themselves, who make themselves a dry tree, a corrupt and wicked generation, and good for nothing! The bitter sufferings of our Lord Jesus should make us stand in awe of the justice of God. The best saints, compared with Christ, are dry trees; if he suffer, why may not they expect to suffer? And what then shall the damnation of sinners be! Even the sufferings of Christ preach terror to obstinate transgressors.

Verses 32-43 As soon as Christ was fastened to the cross, he prayed for those who crucified him. The great thing he died to purchase and procure for us, is the forgiveness of sin. This he prays for. Jesus was crucified between two thieves; in them were shown the different effects the cross of Christ would have upon the children of men in the preaching the gospel. One malefactor was hardened to the last. No troubles of themselves will change a wicked heart. The other was softened at the last: he was snatched as a brand out of the burning, and made a monument of Divine mercy. This gives no encouragement to any to put off repentance to their death-beds, or to hope that they shall then find mercy. It is certain that true repentance is never too late; but it is as certain that late repentance is seldom true. None can be sure they shall have time to repent at death, but every man may be sure he cannot have the advantages this penitent thief had. We shall see the case to be singular, if we observe the uncommon effects of God's grace upon this man. He reproved the other for railing on Christ. He owned that he deserved what was done to him. He believed Jesus to have suffered wrongfully. Observe his faith in this prayer. Christ was in the depth of disgrace, suffering as a deceiver, and not delivered by his Father. He made this profession before the wonders were displayed which put honour on Christ's sufferings, and startled the centurion. He believed in a life to come, and desired to be happy in that life; not like the other thief, to be only saved from the cross. Observe his humility in this prayer. All his request is, Lord, remember me; quite referring it to Jesus in what way to remember him. Thus he was humbled in true repentance, and he brought forth all the fruits for repentance his circumstances would admit. Christ upon the cross, is gracious like Christ upon the throne. Though he was in the greatest struggle and agony, yet he had pity for a poor penitent. By this act of grace we are to understand that Jesus Christ died to open the kingdom of heaven to all penitent, obedient believers. It is a single instance in Scripture; it should teach us to despair of none, and that none should despair of themselves; but lest it should be abused, it is contrasted with the awful state of the other thief, who died hardened in unbelief, though a crucified Saviour was so near him. Be sure that in general men die as they live.

Verses 44-49 We have here the death of Christ magnified by the wonders that attended it, and his death explained by the words with which he breathed out his soul. He was willing to offer himself. Let us seek to glorify God by true repentance and conversion; by protesting against those who crucify the Saviour; by a sober, righteous, and godly life; and by employing our talents in the service of Him who died for us and rose again.

Verses 50-56 Many, though they do not make any show in outward profession, yet, like Joseph of Arimathea, will be far more ready to do real service, when there is occasion, than others who make a greater noise. Christ was buried in haste, because the sabbath drew on. Weeping must not hinder sowing. Though they were in tears for the death of their Lord, yet they must prepare to keep holy the sabbath. When the sabbath draws on, there must be preparation. Our worldly affairs must be so ordered, that they may not hinder us from our sabbath work; and our holy affections so stirred up, that they may carry us on in it. In whatever business we engage, or however our hearts may be affected, let us never fail to get ready for, and to keep holy, the day of sacred rest, which is the Lord's day.

Lucas 23 Commentaries

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