Titus 2 Footnotes
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2:3-5 See note on 1Tm 2:11-15. Pr 31 (vv. 16,18,24) clarifies that it is not a sin for a wife to work outside the home. But Paul shows that her responsibility to her family is of greater importance.
2:9 Some critics argue that this verse contradicts Mt 23:10. However, Jesus’s words refer specifically to calling a spiritual teacher “master,” not to a slave referring to his owner by that title (see note on 1Tm 6:1).
2:11 Paul was not a universalist, believing that all people go to heaven. Rather, God’s grace is for all the kinds of people discussed in vv. 1-10 (young and old, men and women, slaves and masters). See note on 1Tm 4:10.
2:13 Grammatically and contextually, this verse is a powerful reference to Christ’s deity. Paul’s belief in Jesus’s deity was based on his life-changing experience of seeing Jesus clothed in divine glory (Ac 9:3-9), his exegesis of important OT messianic texts (Ac 9:20-22), and Jesus’s personal claims and miraculous activities as reported to him by eyewitnesses. Paul also witnessed Jesus’s divine power at work in his disciples through the miracles that Paul and other disciples performed. See note on 1Tm 2:5.