Deuteronomy 26 Study Notes
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The meanings of nathan may derive from extending the hand to give things (Gn 3:6) and to put (Ex 29:3), place (Nm 16:17), or set (Gn 18:8) them somewhere. Nathan involves bestowing majesty (1Ch 29:25), granting requests (1Sm 1:17), and imparting wisdom (Pr 29:15). It means allow (Nm 20:21), ascribe (Jb 36:3), apply (Ec 1:13), or gave (Ezk 27:10). Nathan denotes distribute (2Ch 31:14), lend (Lv 25:37), exchange (Dt 14:25), pay (Dt 24:15), or give to (1Kg 8:39). One puts out hands (Gn 38:28) or throws them up in surrender (Jr 50:15). Nathan functions within idioms such as turn the back (2Ch 29:6), raise the voice (Jr 4:16), and win favor (Pr 13:15). It describes casting lots (Lv 16:8) or piercing an awl through something (Dt. 15:17). Nathan signifies assigning (Lv 6:17) or making (Is 3:4). One sets traps (Ps 119:110) or provides food (Gn 28:20).
26:13-15 To give to poor and dependent persons is to give to the Lord himself. Having done that, the Israelites could with good cause invoke God’s blessing upon the nation.
26:16-19 The bilateral character of the covenant of these statutes and ordinances is apparent from the fact that Israel had affirmed that the Lord was their God and the Lord had affirmed in turn that they were his special people (Ex 19:5; cp. Dt 7:6).