Ezekiel 29 Study Notes
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29:8-16 Egypt would no longer be a world power.
29:12 In the Bible forty years is a frequent expression for a complete and lengthy period of time (Nm 14:33; 1Kg 2:11). If Egypt fell to the Babylonians in 568 BC, as most ancient Near Eastern histories maintain, then this forty-year “captivity” of Egypt ended when the Persians came to power.
29:16 After the Babylonians were defeated and the Persians seized control, Egypt was never again a formidable world power.
29:17-20 Nebuchadnezzar labored over Tyre but received no plunder. The Lord gave Egypt to him as compensation for all his labor.
29:21 Horn refers to the horn of an animal. Because animals used these during conflict, “horn” was used as a metaphor for strength or power (1Sm 2:1; 1Kg 22:11; Ps 92:10; Jr 48:25). Here the reference is to the strength of Messiah and the future restoration of the Davidic monarchy in the aftermath of Egypt’s collapse (Ps 132:17; Is 11:1-16). The word grow or sprout is a specific messianic image. The ultimate fulfillment of this verse is found in Christ (Ezk 17:22-24), who will come to the aid of Israel and defend her against the heathen world in the last days (Lk 1:69; Rv 5:6).