Revelation 20 Study Notes

20:7-10 Satan’s release from the abyss (v. 3) is related to the well-known Gog and Magog prophecy in Ezk 38-39. This incident will serve as final proof that, even after an extended, unrivaled reign of Christ (Rv 20:4-6), mankind (those born during the thousand years) will still follow the devil. When the rebellion surrounding the beloved city (probably Jerusalem, “renovated” for Christ’s reign of a thousand years) is put down by fire from heaven, as in Ezk 39:6, the devil is thrown into the lake of fire, to join the beast and the false prophet (see note at 19:20) for eternity.

20:11-15 The phrase great white throne emphasizes God’s purity and holiness in judging and his sovereign right to both rule and judge the earth. The phrases earth and heaven fled and no place was found for them apparently refer to “the first heaven and the first earth” giving way at the final judgment to “a new heaven and a new earth” (21:1). The dead . . . standing before the throne come to life in the “second resurrection” (implied in v. 5). There are two sets of books at this judgment. The names of all believers are in the book of life. The names of the “earth dwellers” are not in the book of life (13:8; 17:8). They are judged according to their works, which are recorded in the other books. No one can ever be saved by works, because that would leave room for human boasting (Eph 2:8-9). The eternal dwelling place of all unbelievers is the lake of fire. As part of the present creation, Death and Hades (see note at 1:18) are also thrown into the lake of fire.