John 19:28

Are now finished (hdh tetelestai). Perfect passive indicative of telew. See same form in verse Acts 30 . As in Acts 13:1 , where Jesus is fully conscious (knowing, eidw) of the meaning of his atoning death. Might be accomplished (teleiwqh). First aorist passive subjunctive of teleiow rather than the usual plhrwqh (verse Acts 24 ) with ina. John sees the thirst of Jesus in Psalms 69:21 . Jesus, of course, did not make the outcry in any mechanical way. Thirst is one of the severest agonies of crucifixion. For the "perfecting" of the Messiah by physical suffering see Hebrews 2:10 ; Hebrews 5:7 .