Romans 12:19

Avenge not (mh ekdikounte). Independent participle again of late verb ekdikew from ekdiko, exacting justice ( 2 Corinthians 13:4 ). See already Luke 18:5 ; 2 Corinthians 10:6 . But give place unto wrath (alla dote topon th orgh). Second aorist active imperative of didwmi, to give. "Give room for the (note article as in 2 Corinthians 5:9 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:16 ) wrath" of God instead of taking vengeance in your own hands. See Ephesians 4:27 for didote topon. Paul quotes Deuteronomy 32:35 (the Hebrew rather than the LXX). So have Hebrews 10:30 and the Targum of Onkelos, but the relation between them and Paul we cannot tell. Socrates and Epictetus condemned personal vindictiveness as Paul does here. I will recompense (antapodwsw). Future active of the double compound verb quoted also in Hebrews 11:35 .