Judges 21

Brides for Benjamin

1 The men of Israel had sworn an oath at Mizpah: "None of us will give his daughter to a Benjaminite in marriage."

2 So the people went to Bethel and sat there before God until evening. They wept loudly and bitterly,

3 and cried out, "Why, Lord God of Israel, has it occurred^[a] that one tribe is [missing] in Israel today?"

4 The next day the people got up early, built an altar there, and offered burnt offerings and fellowship offerings.

5 The Israelites asked, "Who of all the tribes of Israel didn't come to the Lord with the assembly?" For a great oath had been taken that anyone who had not come to the Lord at Mizpah would certainly be put to death.

6 But the Israelites had compassion on their brothers, the Benjaminites, and said, "Today a tribe has been cut off from Israel.

7 What should we do about wives for the survivors? We've sworn to the Lord not to give them any of our daughters as wives."

8 They asked, "Which city among the tribes of Israel didn't come to the Lord at Mizpah?" It turned out that no one from Jabesh-gilead had come to the camp and the assembly.

9 For when the people were counted, no one was there from the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead.

10 The congregation sent 12,000 brave warriors^[b] there and commanded them: "Go and kill the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead with the sword, including women and children.

11 This is what you should do: Completely destroy every male, as well as every female who has slept with a man."

12 They found among the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead 400 young virgins, who had not had sexual relations with a man, and they brought them to the camp at Shiloh in the land of Canaan.

13 The whole congregation sent a message of peace to the Benjaminites who were at the rock of Rimmon.

14 Benjamin returned at that time, and Israel gave them the women they had kept alive from Jabesh-gilead. But there were not enough for them.

15 The people had compassion on Benjamin, because the Lord had made this gap in the tribes of Israel.

16 The elders of the congregation said, "What should we do about wives for those who are left, since the women of Benjamin have been destroyed?"

17 They said, "There must be heirs for the survivors of Benjamin, so that a tribe of Israel will not be wiped out.

18 But we can't give them our daughters as wives." For the Israelites had sworn: "Anyone who gives a wife to a Benjaminite is cursed."

19 They also said, "Look, there's an annual festival to the Lord in Shiloh, which is north of Bethel, east of the highway that goes up from Bethel to Shechem, and south of Lebonah."

20 Then they commanded the Benjaminites: "Go and hide in the vineyards.

21 Watch, and when you see the young women of Shiloh come out to perform the dances, each of you leave the vineyards and catch a wife for yourself from the young women of Shiloh, and go to the land of Benjamin.

22 When their fathers or brothers come to us and protest, we will tell them, 'Show favor to them, since we did not get enough wives for each of them in the battle. You didn't actually give [the women] to them, so^[c] you are not guilty [of breaking your oath].' "

23 The Benjaminites did this and took the number of women they needed from the dancers they caught. They went back to their own inheritance, rebuilt their cities, and lived in them.

24 At that time, each of the Israelites returned from there to his own tribe and family. Each returned from there to his own inheritance.

25 In those days there was no king in Israel;^[d] everyone did whatever he wanted.^[e][f]

Judges 21 Commentary

Chapter 21

The Israelites lament for the Benjamites.

- Israel lamented for the Benjamites, and were perplexed by the oath they had taken, not to give their daughters to them in marriage. Men are more zealous to support their own authority than that of God. They would have acted better if they had repented of their rash oaths, brought sin-offerings, and sought forgiveness in the appointed way, rather than attempt to avoid the guilt of perjury by actions quite as wrong. That men can advise others to acts of treachery or violence, out of a sense of duty, forms a strong proof of the blindness of the human mind when left to itself, and of the fatal effects of a conscience under ignorance and error.

Footnotes

• [a]. Lit has this occurred in Israel
• [b]. Lit 12,000 of their sons of valor
• [c]. Lit at this time
• [d]. Jdg 17:6; 18:1; 19:1
• [e]. Lit did what was right in his eyes
• [f]. Jdg 17:6

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO JUDGES 21

This chapter relates how that when the Israelites calmed down, and seriously to reflect on what had passed, they were sore grieved, and much lamented the case of Benjamin, and were particularly concerned what they should do for wives for those few men that remained, that the tribe might be built up again, Jud 21:1-7 and for these they provided wives, partly out of Jabeshgilead, the inhabitants of which came not up to the convention at Mizpeh, and therefore they smote them, men, women, and children, only reserved four hundred virgins, whom they gave to the men of Benjamin, Jud 21:8-15, and partly from among the daughters of Shiloh, taken at a yearly feast there, the taking of whom was connived at, the other number not being sufficient, Jud 21:16-25.