Haggai 2

The Coming Glory of the Temple

1 ¹In the seventh month, on the twenty-first day of the month, the word of the LORD came by the hand of Haggai the prophet,

2 "Speak now to ²Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to ³Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and to all the remnant of the people, and say,

3 ⁴'Who is left among you who saw this house ⁵in its former glory? How do you see it now? ⁶Is it not as nothing in your eyes?

4 Yet now ⁷be strong, O ⁸Zerubbabel, declares the LORD. ⁹Be strong, O ¹⁰Joshua, son of Jehozadak, the high priest. ¹¹Be strong, all you people of the land, declares the LORD. ¹²Work, for ¹³I am with you, declares the LORD of hosts,

5 ¹⁴according to the covenant that I made with you when you came out of Egypt. ¹⁵My Spirit remains in your midst. ¹⁶Fear not.

6 For thus says the LORD of hosts: ¹⁷Yet once more, in a little while, ¹⁸I will shake the heavens and the earth and the sea and the dry land.

7 And I will shake all nations, so that the treasures of all nations shall come in, and ¹⁹I will fill this house with glory, says the LORD of hosts.

8 ²⁰The silver is mine, and the gold is mine, declares the LORD of hosts.

9 ²¹The latter glory of this house shall be greater than the former, says the LORD of hosts. And ²²in this place I will give peace, declares the LORD of hosts.'"

Blessings for a Defiled People

10 ²³On the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month, ²⁴in the second year of Darius, the word of the LORD came by Haggai the prophet,

11 "Thus says the LORD of hosts: ²⁵Ask the priests about the law:

12 'If someone carries ²⁶holy meat in the fold of his garment and touches with his fold bread or stew or wine or oil or any kind of food, does it become holy?'" The priests answered and said, ²⁷"No."

13 Then Haggai said, ²⁸"If someone who is unclean by contact with a dead body ²⁹touches any of these, does it become unclean?" The priests answered and said, "It does become unclean."

14 Then Haggai answered and said, ³⁰"So is it with this people, and with this nation before me, declares the LORD, and so with every work of their hands. And what they offer there is unclean.

15 Now then, ³¹consider from this day onward.^[a] Before stone was placed upon stone in the temple of the LORD,

16 how did you fare? ³²When^[b] one came to a heap of twenty measures, there were but ten. When one came to the wine vat to draw fifty measures, there were but twenty.

17 ³³I struck you and all the products of your toil with blight and with mildew and with hail, ³⁴yet you did not turn to me, declares the LORD.

18 ³⁵Consider from this day onward, ³⁶from the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month. Since ³⁷the day that the foundation of the LORD's temple was laid, ³⁸consider:

19 ³⁹Is the seed yet in the barn? Indeed, the vine, the fig tree, the pomegranate, and the olive tree have yielded nothing. But from this day on ⁴⁰I will bless you."

Zerubbabel Chosen as a Signet

20 The word of the LORD came a second time to Haggai ⁴¹on the twenty-fourth day of the month,

21 "Speak to ⁴²Zerubbabel, governor of Judah, saying, ⁴³I am about to shake the heavens and the earth,

22 and ⁴⁴to overthrow the throne of kingdoms. I am about to destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations, and ⁴⁵overthrow the chariots and their riders. And the horses and their riders shall go down, ⁴⁶every one by the sword of his brother.

23 On that day, declares the LORD of hosts, I will take you, O ⁴⁷Zerubbabel ⁴⁸my servant, the son of ⁴⁹Shealtiel, declares the LORD, and make you ⁵⁰like a^[c] signet ring, ⁵¹for I have chosen you, declares the LORD of hosts."

Haggai 2 Commentary

Chapter 2

Greater glory promised to the second temple than to the first. (1-9) Their sins hindered the work. (10-19) The kingdom of Christ foretold. (20-23)

Verses 1-9 Those who are hearty in the Lord's service shall receive encouragement to proceed. But they could not build such a temple then, as Solomon built. Though our gracious God is pleased if we do as well as we can in his service, yet our proud hearts will scarcely let us be pleased, unless we do as well as others, whose abilities are far beyond ours. Encouragement is given the Jews to go on in the work notwithstanding. They have God with them, his Spirit and his special presence. Though he chastens their transgressions, his faithfulness does not fail. The Spirit still remained among them. And they shall have the Messiah among them shortly; "He that should come." Convulsions and changes would take place in the Jewish church and state, but first should come great revolutions and commotions among the nations. He shall come, as the Desire of all nations; desirable to all nations, for in him shall all the earth be blessed with the best of blessings; long expected and desired by all believers. The house they were building should be filled with glory, very far beyond Solomon's temple. This house shall be filled with glory of another nature. If we have silver and gold, we must serve and honour God with it, for the property is his. If we have not silver and gold, we must honour him with such as we have, and he will accept us. Let them be comforted that the glory of this latter house shall be greater than that of the former, in what would be beyond all the glories of the first house, the presence of the Messiah, the Son of God, the Lord of glory, personally, and in human nature. Nothing but the presence of the Son of God, in human form and nature, could fulfil this. Jesus is the Christ, is He that should come, and we are to look for no other. This prophecy alone is enough to silence the Jews, and condemn their obstinate rejection of Him, concerning whom all their prophets spake. If God be with us, peace is with us. But the Jews under the latter temple had much trouble; but this promise is fulfilled in that spiritual peace which Jesus Christ has by his blood purchased for all believers. All changes shall make way for Christ to be desired and valued by all nations. And the Jews shall have their eyes opened to behold how precious He is, whom they have hitherto rejected.

Verses 10-19 Many spoiled this good work, by going about it with unholy hearts and hands, and were likely to gain no advantage by it. The sum of these two rules of the law is, that sin is more easily learned from others than holiness. The impurity of their hearts and lives shall make the work of their hands, and all their offerings, unclean before God. The case is the same with us. When employed in any good work, we should watch over ourselves, lest we render it unclean by our corruptions. When we begin to make conscience of duty to God, we may expect his blessing; and whoso is wise will understand the loving-kindness of the Lord. God will curse the blessings of the wicked, and make bitter the prosperity of the careless; but he will sweeten the cup of affliction to those who diligently serve him.

Verses 20-23 The Lord will preserve Zerubbabel and the people of Judah, amidst their enemies. Here is also foretold the establishment and continuance of the kingdom of Christ; by union with whom his people are sealed with the Holy Ghost, sealed with his image, thus distinguished from all others. Here also is foretold the changes, even to that time when the kingdom of Christ shall overthrow and occupy the place of all the empires which opposed his cause. The promise has special reference to Christ, who descended from Zerubbabel in a direct line, and is the sole Builder of the gospel temple. Our Lord Jesus is the Signet on God's right hand, for all power is given to him, and derived from him. By him, and in him, all the promises of God are yea and amen. Whatever changes take place on earth, all will promote the comfort, honour, and happiness of his servants.

Cross References

• 1. [Leviticus 23:34, 36]
• 2. Haggai 1:1
• 3. Haggai 1:1
• 4. [Ezra 3:12]
• 5. [ver. 9]
• 6. [Zechariah 4:10]
• 7. Zechariah 8:9; [Zechariah 4:6, 7]
• 8. [See ver. 2 above]
• 9. Zechariah 8:9; [Zechariah 4:6, 7]
• 10. [See ver. 2 above]
• 11. Zechariah 8:9; [Zechariah 4:6, 7]
• 12. [Haggai 1:14]
• 13. Haggai 1:13
• 14. See Exodus 29:45
• 15. Nehemiah 9:20
• 16. Zechariah 8:13, 15
• 17. Cited Hebrews 12:26
• 18. ver. 21
• 19. [Isaiah 60:1]
• 20. [1 Chronicles 29:14, 16]
• 21. [Haggai 1:8]
• 22. [Zechariah 6:13; Ephesians 2:14]
• 23. ver. 18, 20
• 24. Haggai 1:1
• 25. See Leviticus 10:10, 11
• 26. Jeremiah 11:15
• 27. [ver. 14]
• 28. Leviticus 22:4, 6
• 29. [Numbers 19:22]
• 30. [Isaiah 64:6]
• 31. [Haggai 1:5]
• 32. [Haggai 1:6]
• 33. Amos 4:9; [Haggai 1:9; Deuteronomy 28:22]
• 34. Jeremiah 5:3; Amos 4:6
• 35. [See ver. 15 above]
• 36. ver. 10
• 37. Ezra 3:10; Zechariah 8:9
• 38. [See ver. 15 above]
• 39. [Zechariah 8:12]
• 40. Joel 2:14
• 41. [See ver. 18 above]
• 42. Haggai 1:1; [Zechariah 4:6]
• 43. ver. 6
• 44. Daniel 2:44; Zechariah 12:9; [Matthew 24:7]
• 45. [Micah 5:10]
• 46. [Zechariah 14:13]
• 47. [See ver. 21 above]
• 48. [Isaiah 43:10]
• 49. Haggai 1:1
• 50. Jeremiah 22:24
• 51. [Isaiah 43:10]

Footnotes

• [a]. Or backward; also verse 18
• [b]. Probable reading (compare Septuagint); Hebrew Lord, since they were. When
• [c]. Hebrew the

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO HAGGAI 2

This chapter contains three sermons or prophecies, delivered by the prophet to the people of the Jews. The design of the first is to encourage them to go on with the building of the temple, though it might seem to come greatly short of the former temple, as to its outward form and splendour. The time of the prophecy, Hag 2:1 an order to deliver it to the governor, high priest, and all the people, Hag 2:2. A question is put concerning the difference between this temple and the former; between which it is suggested there was no comparison; which is assented to by silence, Hag 2:3 nevertheless, the prince, priest, and people, are exhorted to go on strenuously in the work of building; encouraged with a promise of the presence of the Lord of hosts, and of his Word, in whom he covenanted with them at their coming out of Egypt, and of the blessed Spirit, and his continuance with them, Hag 2:4,5 and, the more to remove their fears and faintings, it is declared that in a very short time a most wonderful thing should be done in the world, which would affect all the nations of the earth; for that illustrious Person would come, whom all nations do or should desire; and, not only come into the world, but into that temple they were building, and give it a greater glory than the former; yea, a greater glory than if all the gold and silver in the world were laid out upon it, or brought into it; which being all the Lord's, could have been easily done by him; but he would give in it something infinitely greater than that, even the Prince of peace, with all the blessings of it, Hag 2:6-9 then follows the second sermon or prophecy, the time of which is observed, Hag 2:10 and it is introduced with some questions concerning ceremonial uncleanness, by an unclean person's touching holy flesh with the skirt of his garment; and other things, which is confirmed by the answer of the priests, Hag 2:11-13 the application of which is made to the people of the Jews, who were alike unclean; they, their works, and their sacrifices, Hag 2:14 and these are directed to consider, that, during the time they had neglected to build the temple, they were attended with scarcity of provisions; their fields and vineyards being blasted with mildew or destroyed by hail, and their labours proved unsuccessful, Hag 2:15-17 but now, since they had begun the work of building, it is promised they should be blessed with everything, though they had nothing in store, and everything was unpromising to them; which is designed to encourage them to go on cheerfully in their begun work, Hag 2:18,19 and the chapter is concluded with the last discourse or prophecy, the date of which is given, Hag 2:20 an instruction to deliver it to Zerubbabel, Hag 2:21 foretelling the destruction of the kingdoms of the heathen; and the setting up of the kingdom of the Messiah, of whom Zerubbabel was a type, precious and honourable in the sight of God, Hag 2:22,23.