Leviticus 14

Instructions for Cleansing Infectious Skin Diseases

1 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
2 "This is the regulation of the person afflicted with a skin disease {at the time of} his cleansing. And he shall be brought to the priest,
3 and the priest shall go {outside the camp}, and the priest shall examine [him], and {if} the skin disease's infection is healed on the afflicted person,
4 then the priest shall command, and he shall take two living, clean birds and {cedar wood} and {a crimson thread} and hyssop for the one who presents himself for cleansing.
5 Then the priest shall command [someone] to slaughter one bird over fresh water in a clay vessel.
6 He must take the living bird and the {cedar wood} and {the crimson thread} and the hyssop, and he shall dip them and the living bird in the bird's blood slaughtered over the fresh water.
7 And he shall spatter [the blood] seven times on the one who presents himself for cleansing from the infectious skin disease, and he shall declare him clean, and he shall send the living bird {into the open field}.
8 Then the one who presents himself for cleansing shall wash his garments, and he shall shave off all his hair, and he shall wash himself in the water; thus he shall be clean, and afterward he shall enter the camp, but he shall stay {outside his tent} [for] seven days.
9 {And then} on the seventh day he must shave off all his hair--he must shave his head and his beard and {his eyebrows} and all [the rest] of his hair--and he shall wash his garments, and he shall wash his body in the water; thus he shall be clean.
10 "And on the eighth day he must take two male lambs without defect and one ewe-lamb {in its first year} without defect and three-tenths [of an ephah] of finely milled flour mixed with oil [as] a grain offering and one log of oil.
11 And the priest who cleanses [him] shall present the man who presents himself for cleansing and {these things} {before} the tent of assembly's entrance.
12 Then the priest shall take the one male lamb, and he shall present it as a guilt offering, and the log of oil, and he shall wave them [as] a wave offering {before} Yahweh.
13 And he shall slaughter the male lamb in the place where he slaughters the sin offering and the burnt offering in the sanctuary's space, because as the sin offering belongs to the priest, so [also] the guilt offering--{it is a most holy thing}.
14 And the priest shall take {some of} the guilt offering's blood, and the priest shall put [it] on the right ear's lobe of the one who presents himself for cleansing and on his right hand's thumb and on his right foot's big toe.
15 And the priest shall take {some of} the log of oil, and he shall pour [it] on his left palm;
16 and the priest shall dip his right finger in the oil that [is] on his left palm, and he shall spatter {some of} the oil with his finger seven times {before} Yahweh.
17 Then the priest shall put {some of} the remaining oil, which [is] on his palm, on the right ear's lobe of the one to be cleansed and on his right hand's thumb and on his right foot's big toe, on [top of] the guilt offering's blood.
18 And the remaining oil that [is] on the priest's palm he shall put on the head of the one who presents himself for cleansing, and the priest shall make atonement for him {before} Yahweh.
19 Thus the priest shall {sacrifice} the sin offering, and he shall make atonement for the one who presents himself for cleansing from his uncleanness, and afterward he shall slaughter the burnt offering.
20 Then the priest shall offer the burnt offering and the grain offering on the altar, and the priest shall make atonement for him, and so he shall be clean.
21 "But if he [is] poor and {he cannot afford} [it], then he shall take one male lamb [for] a guilt offering as a wave offering to make atonement for himself and one-tenth [of an ephah] of finely milled flour mixed with oil for a grain offering, and a log of oil,
22 and two turtledoves or two {young doves} that {he can afford}, and one shall be a sin offering and the {other} a burnt offering.
23 And he shall bring them to the priest at the tent of assembly's entrance {before} Yahweh on the eighth day for his cleansing.
24 And the priest shall take the male lamb [for] the guilt offering and the log of oil, and the priest shall wave them [as] a wave offering {before} Yahweh;
25 and he shall slaughter the male lamb of the guilt offering, and the priest shall take {some of} the guilt offering's blood, and he shall put [it] on the right ear's lobe of the one who presents himself for cleansing and on his right hand's thumb and on his right foot's big toe.
26 Then the priest shall pour out {some of} the oil on his own left palm,
27 and with his right finger the priest shall spatter {some of} the oil that [is] on his left palm seven times {before} Yahweh.
28 Then the priest shall put {some of} the oil that [is] on his palm on the right ear's lobe of the one who presents himself for cleansing and on his right hand's thumb and on his right foot's big toe on the place of the guilt offering's blood.
29 And the remaining oil that [is] on the priest's palm he shall put on the head of the one who presents himself for cleansing to make atonement for him {before} Yahweh.
30 And he shall {sacrifice} one of the turtledoves or the {young doves} that {he can afford},
31 [even] what {he can afford}, the one [as] a sin offering and the {other} [as] a burnt offering in addition to the grain offering, and the priest shall make atonement for the one who presents himself for cleansing {before} Yahweh.
32 This [is] the regulation of [the one] on whom [is] an infectious skin disease who {cannot afford} [the cost] for his cleansing."

Instructions for Cleansing Houses

33 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying,
34 "When you come into the land of Canaan, which I [am about to] give to you [as your] possession, and I put {mildew} in a house [in] the land of your possession,
35 then the one who {owns the house} shall come and tell the priest, saying, 'It appears to me [that] an infection [is] in the house.'
36 And the priest shall [issue a] command, and they shall clear out the house before the priest comes to examine the infection, so that all that [is] in the house might not become unclean; and {afterward} the priest shall go to examine the house.
37 And he shall examine the infection, and {if} the infection on the house's wall [has] yellowish-green or reddish spots and its appearance [is] deeper than [the surface of] the wall,
38 then the priest shall go out from the house to the house's entrance, and he shall confine the house [for] seven days.
39 And the priest shall return on the seventh day, and he shall examine [the infection], and {if} the infection has spread on the house's wall,
40 the priest shall [issue a] command and they shall remove the stones on which [is] the infection, and they shall throw them {outside the city} on an unclean place.
41 Then they shall scrape off [the plaster] from all around the house, and they shall pour out the plaster, which they scraped off, {outside the city} on an unclean place.
42 And they shall take other stones, and they shall {put} [them] in place of [those] stones, and they shall take other plaster, and they shall replaster the house.
43 "But if the infection should return and it breaks out in the house after they have removed the stones and after scraping off [the plaster] of the house and after it has been replastered,
44 then the priest shall come, and he shall examine [the infection], and {if} the infection has spread in the house, it [is] a destructive {mildew} in the house--it [is] unclean.
45 So he shall break down the house, its stones and its wood and all of the house's plaster, and he shall bring [it all] {outside the city} to an unclean place.
46 And the person who enters into the house [during] all [the] days [that] he confined it shall become unclean until the evening.
47 And the person who sleeps in the house must wash his garments, and the person who eats in the house shall wash his garments.
48 "And if the priest comes again and examines [the house] and {if} the infection has not spread in the house after being replastered, then the priest shall pronounce the house clean, because the infection is healed.
49 And he shall take two birds and {cedar wood} and a {crimson thread} and hyssop to cleanse the house;
50 and he shall slaughter the first bird over fresh water on a clay vessel.
51 Then he shall take the {cedar wood} and the hyssop and {the crimson thread} and the living bird, and he shall dip them in the slaughtered bird's blood and in the fresh water, and he shall spatter [them] on the house seven times.
52 Thus he shall purify the house with the bird's blood and with the fresh water and with the living bird and with the {cedar wood} and with the hyssop and with {the crimson thread}.
53 And he shall send the living bird {outside the city} {into the open field}; and so he shall make atonement for the house, and it shall be clean.
54 "This [is] the instruction for any infectious skin disease and for the diseased area of skin,
55 and for a {mildew} of the garment and for the house,
56 and for the swelling and for the epidermal eruption and for the spot,
57 to teach {when something is unclean and when something is clean}. This [is] the regulation of the infectious skin disease."

Leviticus 14 Commentary

Chapter 14

Of declaring the leper to be clean. (1-9) The sacrifices to be offered by him. (10-32) The leprosy in a house. (33-53) Summary of the law concerning leprosy. (54-57)

Verses 1-9 The priests could not cleanse the lepers; but when the Lord removed the plague, various rules were to be observed in admitting them again to the ordinances of God, and the society of his people. They represent many duties and exercises of truly repenting sinners, and the duties of ministers respecting them. If we apply this to the spiritual leprosy of sin, it intimates that when we withdraw from those who walk disorderly, we must not count them as enemies, but admonish them as brethren. And also that when God by his grace has brought to repentance, they ought with tenderness and joy, and sincere affection, to be received again. Care should always be taken that sinners may not be encouraged, nor penitents discouraged. If it were found that the leprosy was healed, the priest must declare it with the particular solemnities here described. The two birds, one killed, and the other dipped in the blood of the bird that was killed, and then let loose, may signify Christ shedding his blood for sinners, and rising and ascending into heaven. The priest having pronounced the leper clean from the disease, he must make himself clean from all remains of it. Thus those who have comfort of the remission of their sins, must with care and caution cleanse themselves from sins; for every one that has this hope in him, will be concerned to purify himself.

Verses 10-32 The cleansed leper was to be presented to the Lord, with his offerings. When God has restored us to enjoy public worship again, after sickness, distance, or otherwise, we should testify our thanksgiving by our diligent use of the liberty. And both we and our offerings must be presented before the Lord, by the Priest that made us clean, even our Lord Jesus. Beside the usual rites of the trespass-offering, some of the blood, and some of the oil, was to be put upon him that was to be cleansed. Wherever the blood of Christ is applied for justification, the oil of the Spirit is applied for sanctification; these two cannot be separated. We have here the gracious provision the law made for poor lepers. The poor are as welcome to God's altar as the rich. But though a meaner sacrifice was accepted from the poor, yet the same ceremony was used for the rich; their souls are as precious, and Christ and his gospel are the same to both. Even for the poor one lamb was necessary. No sinner could be saved, had it not been for the Lamb that was slain, and hath redeemed us to God with his blood.

Verses 33-53 The leprosy in a house is unaccountable to us, as well as the leprosy in a garment; but now sin, where that reigns in a house, is a plague there, as it is in a heart. Masters of families should be aware, and afraid of the first appearance of sin in their families, and put it away, whatever it is. If the leprosy is got into the house, the infected part must be taken out. If it remain in the house, the whole must be pulled down. The owner had better be without a dwelling, than live in one that was infected. The leprosy of sin ruins families and churches. Thus sin is so interwoven with the human body, that it must be taken down by death.

Verses 54-57 When that God who is rich in mercy, for his great love wherewith he loved us, even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us by his grace, ( ephesians 2:4 ephesians 2:5 ) , we shall manifest the change by repenting, and forsaking former sins. Let us follow after holiness, and let us compassionate other poor lepers, and desire, seek, and pray for their cleansing.

Footnotes 129

  • [a]. Or "And"
  • [b]. Or "on the day of"
  • [c]. Literally "to from an outside place of the camp"
  • [d]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [e]. Literally "look" or "behold"
  • [f]. Hebrew "from"
  • [g]. Or "and"
  • [h]. Literally "wood of cedar"
  • [i]. Literally "crimson thread of [the] worm"
  • [j]. Or "And"
  • [k]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [l]. Literally "wood of cedar"
  • [m]. Literally "the crimson thread of the worm"
  • [n]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [o]. Literally "toward the faces of the field"
  • [p]. Or "And"
  • [q]. Or "and"
  • [r]. Or "and"
  • [s]. Literally "from an outside place of his tent"
  • [t]. Literally "And it shall be"
  • [u]. Literally "the rims of his eyes"
  • [v]. Implied by context
  • [w]. Or "and"
  • [x]. Literally "a daughter of her year"
  • [y]. Implied by context
  • [z]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [aa]. Literally "with them"
  • [ab]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [ac]. Or "And"
  • [ad]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [ae]. Or "place" or "area"
  • [af]. Literally "a holiness of holinesses [is] it"
  • [ag]. Literally "from"
  • [ah]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [ai]. Literally "from"
  • [aj]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [ak]. Hebrew "the priest's"
  • [al]. Literally "from"
  • [am]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [an]. Or "And"
  • [ao]. Literally "from"
  • [ap]. See v. 14
  • [aq]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [ar]. Or "And"
  • [as]. Literally "do" or "make"
  • [at]. Or "And"
  • [au]. Or "And"
  • [av]. Literally "his hand is not producing"
  • [aw]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [ax]. Or "and"
  • [ay]. Implied by context
  • [az]. Literally "sons of dove"
  • [ba]. Literally "his hand can produce"
  • [bb]. Literally "one"
  • [bc]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [bd]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [be]. Literally "from"
  • [bf]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [bg]. Or "And"
  • [bh]. Literally "from"
  • [bi]. Hebrew "the priest's"
  • [bj]. Literally "from"
  • [bk]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [bl]. Or "And"
  • [bm]. Literally "from"
  • [bn]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [bo]. Literally "do" or "make"
  • [bp]. Literally "sons of dove"
  • [bq]. Literally "his hand can produce"
  • [br]. Implied by context
  • [bs]. Literally "his hand can produce"
  • [bt]. Literally "one"
  • [bu]. Literally "to the faces of"
  • [bv]. Literally "his hand cannot produce"
  • [bw]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [bx]. Or "And"
  • [by]. Literally "an infection of skin disease"
  • [bz]. Or "and"
  • [ca]. Literally "the house [is] for him"
  • [cb]. Or "and"
  • [cc]. Literally "after thus"
  • [cd]. Literally "look" or "behold"
  • [ce]. Implied by the context
  • [cf]. Or "and"
  • [cg]. Or "close up"
  • [ch]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [ci]. Literally "look" or "behold"
  • [cj]. Literally "to from an outside place of the city"
  • [ck]. Or "And"
  • [cl]. Hebrew "he"
  • [cm]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [cn]. See HALOT 862 s.v. 3.b
  • [co]. Literally "to from an outside place of the city"
  • [cp]. Literally "bring"
  • [cq]. Hebrew "he"
  • [cr]. See HALOT 862 s.v. 3.b
  • [cs]. Hebrew "he"
  • [ct]. Implied by the context; Hebrew "plaster"
  • [cu]. Or "And"
  • [cv]. Hebrew "he"
  • [cw]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [cx]. Implied by the context; or "plaster"
  • [cy]. Or "and"
  • [cz]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [da]. Literally "look" or "behold"
  • [db]. Literally "infectious disease"
  • [dc]. Or "And"
  • [dd]. See HALOT 862 s.v. 3.b
  • [de]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [df]. Literally "to from an outside place of the city"
  • [dg]. That is, the priest
  • [dh]. Or "closed up"
  • [di]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [dj]. Literally "look" or "behold"
  • [dk]. Implied by the context; or "plaster"
  • [dl]. Or "and"
  • [dm]. Literally "wood of cedar"
  • [dn]. Literally "crimson thread of [the] worm"
  • [do]. Or "And"
  • [dp]. Literally "wood of cedar"
  • [dq]. Literally "the crimson thread of the worm"
  • [dr]. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  • [ds]. Or "And"
  • [dt]. Literally "wood of cedar"
  • [du]. Literally "the crimson thread of the worm"
  • [dv]. Literally "to from an outside place of the city"
  • [dw]. Literally "to the faces of the field"
  • [dx]. Literally "infectious skin disease"
  • [dy]. Literally "on the day of the unclean and on the day of the clean"

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO LEVITICUS 14

This chapter treats of the purification of lepers, and the rules to be observed therein; and first what the priest was to do for his cleansing when brought to him, by making use of two birds, with cedar wood, scarlet and hyssop, as directed, Le 14:1-7; what he was to do for himself, shaving off all his hair, and washing his flesh and clothes in water, Le 14:8,9; the offerings to be offered up for him, two he lambs and one ewe lamb, and a meat offering, with a particular account of the use of the blood of the trespass offering, and of oil put upon the tip of his right ear, the thumb of his right hand, and the great toe of his right foot, Le 14:10-20; but if poor, only one lamb was required, a meat offering of one tenth deal, and two turtle doves or two young pigeons, and blood and oil used as before, Le 14:21-32; next follow an account of leprosy in an house, and the signs of it, and the rules to judge of it, Le 14:33-48; and the manner of cleansing from it, Le 14:49-53; and the chapter is closed with a recapitulation of the several laws concerning the various sorts of leprosy in this and the preceding chapter, Le 14:54-57.

Leviticus 14 Commentaries

Scripture quotations marked (LEB) are from the Lexham English Bible. Copyright 2012 Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software.