Esra 1

1 Im ersten Jahr des Kores, des Königs in Persien (daß erfüllt würde das Wort des HERRN durch den Mund Jeremia's geredet), erweckte der HERR den Geist des Kores, des Königs in Persien, daß er ausrufen ließ durch sein ganzes Königreich, auch durch Schrift, und sagen:

2 So spricht Kores, der König in Persien: Der HERR, der Gott des Himmels, hat mir alle Königreiche der Erde gegeben, und hat mir befohlen, ihm ein Haus zu bauen zu Jerusalem in Juda. {~}

3 Wer nun unter euch seine Volkes ist, mit dem Sei Gott, und er ziehe hinauf gen Jerusalem in Juda und baue das Haus des HERRN, des Gottes Israels. Er ist der Gott, der zu Jerusalem ist. {~}

4 Und wer noch übrig ist an allen Orten, da der Fremdling ist, dem sollen helfen die Leute seines Orts mit Silber und Gold, Gut und Vieh, außer dem, was sie aus freiem Willen geben zum Hause Gottes zu Jerusalem. {~}

5 Da machten sich auf die Obersten der Vaterhäuser aus Juda und Benjamin und die Priester und Leviten, alle, deren Geist Gott erweckte, hinaufzuziehen und zu bauen das Haus des HERRN zu Jerusalem. {~}

6 Und alle, die um sie her waren, stärkten ihre Hände mit silbernem und goldenem Geräte, mit Gut und Vieh und Kleinoden, außer dem, Was sie freiwillig gaben. {~}

7 Und der König Kores tat heraus die Gefäße des Hauses des HERRN, die Nebukadnezar aus Jerusalem genommen hatte und in seines Gottes Haus getan hatte.

8 Aber Kores, der König in Persien, tat sie heraus durch Mithredath, den Schatzmeister; der zählte sie dar Sesbazar, dem Fürsten Juda's. {~}

9 Und dies ist ihre Zahl: dreißig goldene Becken und tausend silberne Becken, neunundzwanzig Messer, {~}

10 dreißig goldene Becher und der andern, silbernen Becher vierhundertundzehn und anderer Gefäße tausend, {~}

11 daß aller Gefäße, golden und silbern, waren fünftausend und vierhundert. Alle brachte sie Sesbazar herauf mit denen, die aus der Gefangenschaft von Babel heraufzogen gen Jerusalem. {~}

Esra 1 Commentary

Chapter 1

The history of this book is the accomplishment of Jeremiah's prophecy concerning the return of the Jews out of Babylon. From its contents we especially learn, that every good work will meet with opposition from enemies, and be hurt by the misconduct of friends; but that God will make his cause to prevail, notwithstanding all obstacles and adversaries. The restoration of the Jews was an event of the highest consequence, tending to preserve religion in the world, and preparing the way for the appearance of the Great Deliverer, the Lord Jesus Christ.

The proclamation of Cyrus for the rebuilding of the temple. (1-4) The people provide for their return. (5-11)

Verses 1-4 The Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus. The hearts of kings are in the hand of the Lord. God governs the world by his influence on the spirits of men; whatever good they do, God stirs up their spirits to do it. It was during the captivity of the Jews, that God principally employed them as the means of calling the attention of the heathen to him. Cyrus took it for granted, that those among the Jews who were able, would offer free-will offerings for the house of God. He would also have them supplied out of his kingdom. Well-wishers to the temple should be well-doers for it.

Verses 5-11 The same God that raised up the spirit of Cyrus to proclaim liberty to the Jews, raised up their spirits to take the benefit. The temptation was to some to stay in Babylon; but some feared not to return, and they were those whose spirits God raised, by his Spirit and grace. Whatever good we do, is owing to the grace of God. Our spirits naturally bow down to this earth and the things of it; if they move upward in any good affections or good actions, it is God who raises them. The calls and offers of the gospel are like the proclamation of Cyrus. Those bound under the power of sin, may be made free by Jesus Christ. Whosoever will, by repentance and faith, return to God, Jesus Christ has opened the way for him, and raises him out of the slavery of sin into the glorious liberty of the children of God. Many that hear this joyful sound, choose to sit still in Babylon, are in love with their sins, and will not venture upon a holy life; but some break through all discouragements, whatever it cost them; they are those whose spirit God has raised above the world and the flesh, whom he has made willing. Thus will the heavenly Canaan be filled, though many perish in Babylon; and the gospel offer will not have been made in vain. The bringing back the Jews from captivity, represents the redemption of sinners by Jesus Christ.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK OF EZRA

This book, in the Vulgate Latin and Arabic versions, is called the "First" Book of Ezra, Nehemiah being reckoned the "second"; but with the Jews both were accounted but one book {a}; in the Syriac version, it is called the Writing or Book of Ezra the Prophet; and this title is given him, both by Jews {b} and Christians {c}; in the Arabic version, it is called the First Book of Ezra the Priest, skilful in the Law; and that he was a priest is clear, since he was the son of Seraiah the high priest, who was slain by Nebuchadnezzar, and the younger brother of Josedech, who succeeded his father as high priest, and uncle to Joshua that succeeded him; and he was also a ready scribe in the law of Moses, see Ezr 7:1,6,10-12. That Ezra was the writer of this book is believed by the Jews {d}, and by the generality of Christians; only Huetius {e} thinks that the six first chapters were written by another hand, but his reasons are not satisfactory; and it has been universally received as canonical by all; it agrees with the prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah, and serves to illustrate them; it is of use for the continuation of the sacred history, to point at the fulfilment of prophecies concerning the return of the Jews from captivity, and the rebuilding of the temple; and to give us an account of the state of the church in those times, the troubles and difficulties it met with, and what care was taken to keep the tribes and families distinct, that it might be known from whom the Messiah sprung; this book contains an history of seventy years, according to the calculation of Bishop Usher {f}, from A. M. 3468, to A. M. 3538.

{a} Origen apud Euseb. Hist. Eccl. l. 6. c. 25. Hieron. Opera, tom. 3. Epist. ad Paulin. fol. 6. B. & ad Domnion. & Rogat. fol. 7. G. {b} Seder Olam Zuta, p. 108. {c} Lactant. Institut. l. 4. c. 11. {d} T. Bab. Bava Bathra, fol. 15. 1. {e} Demonstr. Evangel. prop. 4. p. 208, 209. {f} Annal. Vet. Test. p. 146, 193.

\\INTRODUCTION TO EZRA 1\\

This chapter informs us of the proclamation of Cyrus king of Persia, for the Jews to return to their own country, and rebuild their temple, Ezr 1:1-4, and that, upon it, the chief of them rose up for that purpose, whose hands were strengthened and supplied by those about them, Ezr 1:5,6 and particularly by Cyrus, who gave orders that the vessels belonging to the temple should be delivered to them, Ezr 1:7-11.