Genesis 4

1 Und Adam erkannte sein Weib Eva, und sie ward schwanger und gebar den Kain und sprach: Ich habe einen Mann gewonnen mit dem HERRN.

2 Und sie fuhr fort und gebar Abel, seinen Bruder. Und Abel ward ein Schäfer; Kain aber ward ein Ackermann.

3 Es begab sich nach etlicher Zeit, daß Kain dem HERRN Opfer brachte von den Früchten des Feldes;

4 und Abel brachte auch von den Erstlingen seiner Herde und von ihrem Fett. Und der HERR sah gnädig an Abel und sein Opfer;

5 aber Kain und sein Opfer sah er nicht gnädig an. Da ergrimmte Kain sehr, und seine Gebärde verstellte sich.

6 Da sprach der HERR zu Kain: Warum ergrimmst du? und warum verstellt sich deine Gebärde?

7 Ist's nicht also? Wenn du fromm bist, so bist du angenehm; bist du aber nicht fromm, so ruht die Sünde vor der Tür, und nach dir hat sie Verlangen; du aber herrsche über sie.

8 Da redete Kain mit seinem Bruder Abel. Und es begab sich, da sie auf dem Felde waren, erhob sich Kain wider seinen Bruder Abel und schlug ihn tot.

9 Da sprach der HERR zu Kain: Wo ist dein Bruder Abel? Er sprach: Ich weiß nicht; soll ich meines Bruders Hüter sein?

10 Er aber sprach: Was hast du getan? Die Stimme des Bluts deines Bruders schreit zu mir von der Erde.

11 Und nun verflucht seist du auf der Erde, die ihr Maul hat aufgetan und deines Bruders Blut von deinen Händen empfangen.

12 Wenn du den Acker bauen wirst, soll er dir hinfort sein Vermögen nicht geben. Unstet und flüchtig sollst du sein auf Erden.

13 Kain aber sprach zu dem HERRN: Meine Sünde ist größer, denn daß sie mir vergeben werden möge.

14 Siehe, du treibst mich heute aus dem Lande, und ich muß mich vor deinem Angesicht verbergen und muß unstet und flüchtig sein auf Erden. So wird mir's gehen, daß mich totschlage, wer mich findet.

15 Aber der HERR sprach zu ihm: Nein; sondern wer Kain totschlägt, das soll siebenfältig gerächt werden. Und der HERR machte ein Zeichen an Kain, daß ihn niemand erschlüge, wer ihn fände.

16 Also ging Kain von dem Angesicht des HERRN und wohnte im Lande Nod, jenseit Eden, gegen Morgen.

17 Und Kain erkannte sein Weib, die ward schwanger und gebar den Henoch. Und er baute eine Stadt, die nannte er nach seines Sohnes Namen Henoch.

18 Henoch aber zeugte Irad, Irad zeugte Mahujael, Mahujael zeugte Methusael, Methusael zeugte Lamech.

19 Lamech aber nahm zwei Weiber; eine hieß Ada, die andere Zilla.

20 Und Ada gebar Jabal; von dem sind hergekommen, die in Hütten wohnten und Vieh zogen.

21 Und sein Bruder hieß Jubal; von dem sind hergekommen die Geiger und Pfeifer. {~}

22 Die Zilla aber gebar auch, nämlich den Thubalkain, den Meister in allerlei Erz-und Eisenwerk. Und die Schwester des Thubalkain war Naema.

23 Und Lamech sprach zu seinen Weibern Ada und Zilla: Ihr Weiber Lamechs, hört meine Rede und merkt, was ich sage: Ich habe einen Mann erschlagen für meine Wunde und einen Jüngling für meine Beule;

24 Kain soll siebenmal gerächt werden, aber Lamech siebenundsiebzigmal.

25 Adam erkannte abermals sein Weib, und sie gebar einen Sohn, den hieß sie Seth; denn Gott hat mir, sprach sie, einen andern Samen gesetzt für Abel, den Kain erwürgt hat.

26 Und Seth zeugte auch einen Sohn und hieß ihn Enos. Zu der Zeit fing man an, zu predigen von des HERRN Namen.

Genesis 4 Commentary

Chapter 4

The birth, employment, and religion of Cain and Abel. (1-7) Cain murders Abel, The curse of Cain. (8-15) The conduct of Cain, His family. (16-18) Lamech and his wives, The skill of Cain's descendants. (19-24) The birth of another son and grandson of Adam. (25,26)

Verses 1-7 When Cain was born, Eve said, I have gotten a man from the Lord. Perhaps she thought that this was the promised seed. If so, she was wofully disappointed. Abel signifies vanity: when she thought she had the promised seed in Cain, whose name signifies possession, she was so taken up with him that another son was as vanity to her. Observe, each son had a calling. It is the will of God for every one to have something to do in this world. Parents ought to bring up their children to work. Give them a Bible and a calling, said good Mr. Dod, and God be with them. We may believe that God commanded Adam, after the fall, to shed the blood of innocent animals, and after their death to burn part or the whole of their bodies by fire. Thus that punishment which sinners deserve, even the death of the body, and the wrath of God, of which fire is a well-known emblem, and also the sufferings of Christ, were prefigured. Observe that the religious worship of God is no new invention. It was from the beginning; it is the good old way, ( Jeremiah 6:16 ) . The offerings of Cain and Abel were different. Cain showed a proud, unbelieving heart. Therefore he and his offering were rejected. Abel came as a sinner, and according to God's appointment, by his sacrifice expressing humility, sincerity, and believing obedience. Thus, seeking the benefit of the new covenant of mercy, through the promised Seed, his sacrifice had a token that God accepted it. Abel offered in faith, and Cain did not, ( Hebrews 11:4 ) . In all ages there have been two sorts of worshippers, such as Cain and Abel; namely, proud, hardened despisers of the gospel method of salvation, who attempt to please God in ways of their own devising; and humble believers, who draw near to him in the way he has revealed. Cain indulged malignant anger against Abel. He harboured an evil spirit of discontent and rebellion against God. God notices all our sinful passions and discontents. There is not an angry, envious, or fretful look, that escapes his observing eye. The Lord reasoned with this rebellious man; if he came in the right way, he should be accepted. Some understand this as an intimation of mercy. "If thou doest not well, sin, that is, the sin-offering, lies at the door, and thou mayest take the benefit of it." The same word signifies sin, and a sacrifice for sin. "Though thou hast not done well, yet do not despair; the remedy is at hand." Christ, the great sin-offering, is said to stand at the door, ( Revelation 3:20 ) . And those well deserve to perish in their sins, that will not go to the door to ask for the benefit of this sin-offering. God's acceptance of Abel's offering did not change the birthright, and make it his; why then should Cain be so angry? Sinful heats and disquiets vanish before a strict and fair inquiry into the cause.

Verses 8-15 Malice in the heart ends in murder by the hands. Cain slew Abel, his own brother, his own mother's son, whom he ought to have loved; his younger brother, whom he ought to have protected; a good brother, who had never done him any wrong. What fatal effects were these of our first parents' sin, and how must their hearts have been filled with anguish! Observe the pride, unbelief, and impenitence of Cain. He denies the crime, as if he could conceal it from God. He tries to cover a deliberate murder with a deliberate lie. Murder is a crying sin. Blood calls for blood, the blood of the murdered for the blood of the murderer. Who knows the extent and weight of a Divine curse, how far it reaches, how deep it pierces? Only in Christ are believers saved from it, and inherit the blessing. Cain was cursed from the earth. He found his punishment there where he chose his portion, and set his heart. Every creature is to us what God makes it, a comfort or a cross, a blessing or a curse. The wickedness of the wicked brings a curse upon all they do, and all they have. Cain complains not of his sin, but of his punishment. It shows great hardness of heart to be more concerned about our sufferings than our sins. God has wise and holy ends in prolonging the lives even of very wicked men. It is in vain to inquire what was the mark set upon Cain. It was doubtless known, both as a brand of infamy on Cain, and a token from God that they should not kill him. Abel, being dead, yet speaketh. He tells the heinous guilt of murder, and warns us to stifle the first risings of wrath, and teaches us that persecution must be expected by the righteous. Also, that there is a future state, and an eternal recompence to be enjoyed, through faith in Christ and his atoning sacrifice. And he tells us the excellency of faith in the atoning sacrifice and blood of the Lamb of God. Cain slew his brother, because his own works ( 1 John. 3:12 ) consequence of the enmity put between the Seed of the woman and the seed of the serpent, the war broke out, which has been waged ever since. In this war we are all concerned, none are neuter; our Captain has declared, He that is not with me is against me. Let us decidedly, yet in meekness, support the cause of truth and righteousness against Satan.

Verses 16-18 Cain cast off all fear of God, and attended no more on God's ordinances. Hypocritical professors, who dissemble and trifle with God, are justly left to themselves to do something grossly scandalous. So they throw off that form of godliness to which they have been a reproach, and of which they deny the power. Cain went out from the presence of the Lord, and we never find that he came into it again, to his comfort. The land Cain dwelt in was called the land of Nod, which means, 'shaking,' or 'trembling,' and so shows the restlessness and uneasiness of his own spirit, or 'the land of a vagabond:' they that depart from God cannot find rest any where else. Those on earth who looked for the heavenly city, chose to dwell in tabernacles or tents; but Cain, as not minding that city, built one on earth. Thus all who are cursed of God seek their settlement and satisfaction here below.

Verses 19-24 One of Cain's wicked race is the first recorded, as having broken the law of marriage. Hitherto, one man had but one wife at a time; but Lamech took two. Wordly things, are the only things that carnal, wicked people set their hearts upon, and are most clever and industrious about. So it was with this race of Cain. Here was a father of shepherds, and a father of musicians, but not a father of the faithful. Here is one to teach about brass and iron, but none to teach the good knowledge of the Lord: here are devices how to be rich, and how to be mighty, and how to be merry; but nothing of God, of his fear and service. Present things fill the heads of most. Lamech had enemies, whom he had provoked. He draws a comparison betwixt himself and his ancestor Cain; and flatters himself that he is much less criminal. He seems to abuse the patience of God in sparing Cain, into an encouragement to expect that he may sin unpunished.

Verses 25-26 Our first parents were comforted in their affliction by the birth of a son, whom they called Seth, that is, 'set,' 'settled,' or 'placed;' in his seed mankind should continue to the end of time, and from him the Messiah should descend. While Cain, the head of the apostacy, is made a wanderer, Seth, from whom the true church was to come, is one fixed. In Christ and his church is the only true settlement. Seth walked in the steps of his martyred brother Abel; he was a partaker of like precious faith in the righteousness of our God and Saviour Jesus Christ, and so became a fresh witness of the grace and influence of God the Holy Spirit. God gave Adam and Eve to see the revival of religion in their family. The worshippers of God began to do more in religion; some, by an open profession of true religion, protested against the wickedness of the world around. The worse others are, the better we should be, and the more zealous. Then began the distinction between professors and profane, which has been kept up ever since, and will be, while the world stands.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 4

In this chapter an account is given of the two eldest children of Adam and Eve, their names and calling, Ge 4:1,2 and of their different offerings to the Lord, and the different respect had unto them by him, which in Cain issued in wrath and envy, which appeared in his countenance, and were taken notice of by the Lord, and about which he reasoned with him, Ge 4:3-7 but it had no effect upon him, he murdered his brother, upon which he was examined about him, but denied he knew anything of him where he was, Ge 4:8,9 he is arraigned, convicted and condemned, sentence passed upon him, and that executed, which he complains of, and is mitigated, or however a protection is granted him, and a mark set on him for his security, Ge 4:10-15 after which we have an account of his posterity for several generations, their names, and the business of some of them, Ge 4:16-24 and the chapter is closed with the birth of another son, and of a grandson to Adam and Eve, in whose days was the beginning of social religion.