Haggai 2:10-23

10 On the 1twenty-fourth * of the ninth month, in the second year of Darius, the word of the LORD came to Haggai the prophet, saying,
11 "Thus says the LORD of hosts, '2Ask now the priests for a [a]ruling:
12 'If a man carries 3holy meat in the [b]fold of his garment, and touches bread with [c]this fold, or cooked food, wine, oil, or any other food, will it become holy?' " And the priests answered, "No."
13 Then Haggai said, "4If one who is unclean from a corpse touches any of these, will the latter become unclean?" And the priests answered, "It will become unclean."
14 Then Haggai said, " '5So is this people. And so is this nation before Me,' declares the LORD, 'and so is every work of their hands; and what they offer there is unclean.
15 'But now, do 6consider * from this day onward: before * one 7stone was placed on another in the temple of the LORD,
16 from that time when one came to a grain heap of twenty measures, there would be only ten; and when one came to the wine vat to draw fifty measures, there would be only twenty.
17 'I smote you and every work of your hands with 8blasting wind, mildew and hail; yet you did not come back to Me,' declares the LORD.
18 'Do 9consider * from this day onward, from the 10twenty-fourth * day of the ninth month; from the day when the temple of the LORD was 11founded, consider *:
19 'Is the seed still in the barn? Even including the vine, the fig tree, the pomegranate and the olive tree, it has not borne fruit. Yet from this day on I will 12bless you."'
20 Then the word of the LORD came a second time to Haggai on the 13twenty-fourth * day of the month, saying,
21 "Speak to 14Zerubbabel governor of Judah, saying, 'I am going to 15shake the heavens and the earth.
22 'I will 16overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the 17power of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will 18overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the 19horses and their riders will go down, 20everyone by the sword of another.'
23 'On that day,' declares the LORD of hosts, 'I will take you, Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel, My servant,' declares the LORD, 'and I will make you like a 21signet ring, for 22I have chosen you,' " declares the LORD of hosts.

Haggai 2:10-23 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO HAGGAI 2

This chapter contains three sermons or prophecies, delivered by the prophet to the people of the Jews. The design of the first is to encourage them to go on with the building of the temple, though it might seem to come greatly short of the former temple, as to its outward form and splendour. The time of the prophecy, Hag 2:1 an order to deliver it to the governor, high priest, and all the people, Hag 2:2. A question is put concerning the difference between this temple and the former; between which it is suggested there was no comparison; which is assented to by silence, Hag 2:3 nevertheless, the prince, priest, and people, are exhorted to go on strenuously in the work of building; encouraged with a promise of the presence of the Lord of hosts, and of his Word, in whom he covenanted with them at their coming out of Egypt, and of the blessed Spirit, and his continuance with them, Hag 2:4,5 and, the more to remove their fears and faintings, it is declared that in a very short time a most wonderful thing should be done in the world, which would affect all the nations of the earth; for that illustrious Person would come, whom all nations do or should desire; and, not only come into the world, but into that temple they were building, and give it a greater glory than the former; yea, a greater glory than if all the gold and silver in the world were laid out upon it, or brought into it; which being all the Lord's, could have been easily done by him; but he would give in it something infinitely greater than that, even the Prince of peace, with all the blessings of it, Hag 2:6-9 then follows the second sermon or prophecy, the time of which is observed, Hag 2:10 and it is introduced with some questions concerning ceremonial uncleanness, by an unclean person's touching holy flesh with the skirt of his garment; and other things, which is confirmed by the answer of the priests, Hag 2:11-13 the application of which is made to the people of the Jews, who were alike unclean; they, their works, and their sacrifices, Hag 2:14 and these are directed to consider, that, during the time they had neglected to build the temple, they were attended with scarcity of provisions; their fields and vineyards being blasted with mildew or destroyed by hail, and their labours proved unsuccessful, Hag 2:15-17 but now, since they had begun the work of building, it is promised they should be blessed with everything, though they had nothing in store, and everything was unpromising to them; which is designed to encourage them to go on cheerfully in their begun work, Hag 2:18,19 and the chapter is concluded with the last discourse or prophecy, the date of which is given, Hag 2:20 an instruction to deliver it to Zerubbabel, Hag 2:21 foretelling the destruction of the kingdoms of the heathen; and the setting up of the kingdom of the Messiah, of whom Zerubbabel was a type, precious and honourable in the sight of God, Hag 2:22,23.

Cross References 22

  • 1. Haggai 2:20
  • 2. Deuteronomy 17:8-11; Malachi 2:7
  • 3. Exodus 29:37; Leviticus 6:27, 29; Leviticus 7:6; Ezekiel 44:19; Matthew 23:19
  • 4. Leviticus 22:4-6; Numbers 19:22
  • 5. Proverbs 15:8; Isaiah 1:11-15
  • 6. Haggai 1:5, 7; Haggai 2:18
  • 7. Ezra 3:10; Ezra 4:24
  • 8. Deuteronomy 28:22; 1 Kings 8:37; Amos 4:9
  • 9. Deuteronomy 32:29; Haggai 2:15
  • 10. Haggai 2:10
  • 11. Ezra 5:1, 2; Zechariah 8:9, 12
  • 12. Psalms 128:1-6; Jeremiah 31:12, 14; Malachi 3:10
  • 13. Haggai 2:10
  • 14. Ezra 5:2; Haggai 1:1; Zechariah 4:6-10
  • 15. Haggai 2:6; Hebrews 12:26, 27
  • 16. Ezekiel 26:16; Zephaniah 3:8
  • 17. Micah 7:16
  • 18. Psalms 46:9; Ezekiel 39:20; Micah 5:10
  • 19. Amos 2:15
  • 20. Judges 7:22; 2 Chronicles 20:23
  • 21. Song of Songs 8:6; Jeremiah 22:24
  • 22. Isaiah 42:1; Isaiah 43:10

Footnotes 14

New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, California.  All rights reserved.