Psalm 78

Listen to Psalm 78
1 Masquil de Asaf. Escucha, pueblo m铆o, mi ley; inclinad vuestro o铆do a las palabras de mi boca.
2 Abrir茅 mi boca en par谩bola; hablar茅 enigmas del tiempo antiguo.
3 Las cuales hemos o铆do y entendido; que nuestros padres nos las contaron.
4 No las encubriremos a sus hijos, contando a la generaci贸n venidera las alabanzas del SE脩OR, y su fortaleza, y sus maravillas que hizo.
5 El estableci贸 testimonio en Jacob, y puso ley en Israel; las cuales mand贸 a nuestros padres que las notificasen a sus hijos;
6 para que lo sepa la generaci贸n venidera, y los hijos que nacer谩n; y los que se levantar谩n, lo cuenten a sus hijos
7 con el fin de poner su confianza en Dios, y no olvidar de las obras de Dios, y guardar sus mandamientos:
8 Y no ser como sus padres, generaci贸n contumaz y rebelde; generaci贸n que no compuso su coraz贸n, ni su esp铆ritu fue fiel con Dios.
9 Los hijos de Efra铆n armados, flecheros, volvieron las espaldas el d铆a de la batalla.
10 No guardaron el pacto de Dios, ni quisieron andar en su ley;
11 antes se olvidaron de sus obras, y de sus maravillas que les hab铆a mostrado.
12 Delante de sus padres hizo maravillas en la tierra de Egipto, en el campo de Zo谩n.
13 Rompi贸 el mar, y los hizo pasar; e hizo estar las aguas como en un mont贸n.
14 Y los llev贸 con nube de d铆a, y toda la noche con resplandor de fuego.
15 Hendi贸 las pe帽as en el desierto; y les dio a beber de abismos grandes;
16 y sac贸 de la pe帽a corrientes, e hizo descender aguas como r铆os.
17 Pero aun tornaron a pecar contra 茅l, enojando al Alt铆simo en la soledad.
18 Y tentaron a Dios en su coraz贸n, pidiendo comida al gusto de su alma.
19 Y hablaron contra Dios, diciendo: 驴Podr谩 Dios ponernos mesa en el desierto?
20 He aqu铆 ha herido la pe帽a, y corrieron aguas, y arroyos salieron ondeando: 驴Podr谩 tambi茅n dar pan? 驴Aparejar谩 carne a su pueblo?
21 Por tanto oy贸 el SE脩OR, y se enoj贸; se encendi贸 el fuego contra Jacob, y el furor subi贸 tambi茅n contra Israel;
22 por cuanto no hab铆an cre铆do a Dios, ni hab铆an confiado de su salud.
23 Y mand贸 a las nubes de arriba, y abri贸 las puertas de los cielos,
24 e hizo llover sobre ellos man谩 para comer, y les dio trigo de los cielos.
25 Pan de fuertes comi贸 el hombre; les envi贸 comida en abundancia.
26 Movi贸 el solano en el cielo, y trajo con su fortaleza el austro,
27 e hizo llover sobre ellos carne como polvo, y aves de alas como arena del mar.
28 Y las hizo caer en medio de su campamento, alrededor de sus tiendas.
29 Y comieron, y se llenaron bien; les cumpli贸 pues su deseo.
30 No hab铆an quitado de s铆 su deseo, aun estaba su vianda en su boca,
31 cuando vino sobre ellos el furor de Dios, y mat贸 los m谩s robustos de ellos, y derrib贸 los escogidos de Israel.
32 Con todo esto pecaron a煤n, y no dieron cr茅dito a sus maravillas.
33 Consumi贸 por tanto sus d铆as en vanidad, y sus a帽os en tribulaci贸n.
34 Si los mataba, entonces le buscaban; y se convert铆an, y buscaban a Dios de ma帽ana.
35 Y se acordaban que Dios era su refugio, y el Dios Alto su redentor.
36 Mas le lisonjeaban con su boca, y con su lengua le ment铆an,
37 pues sus corazones no eran rectos con 茅l, ni estuvieron firmes en su pacto.
38 Pero 茅l, misericordioso, perdonaba la maldad, y no los destruy贸; y abund贸 su misericordia para apartar su ira, y no despert贸 toda su ira.
39 Y se acord贸 que eran carne; soplo que va y no vuelve.
40 隆Cu谩ntas veces lo ensa帽aron en el desierto, lo enojaron en la soledad!
41 Y volv铆an, y tentaban a Dios, y pon铆an l铆mite al Santo de Israel.
42 No se acordaron de su mano, del d铆a que los redimi贸 de angustia;
43 cuando puso en Egipto sus se帽ales, y sus maravillas en el campo de Zo谩n;
44 y volvi贸 sus r铆os en sangre, y sus corrientes para que no bebiesen.
45 Envi贸 entre ellos enjambres de moscas que los com铆an, y ranas que los destruyeron.
46 Dio tambi茅n al pulg贸n sus frutos, y sus trabajos a la langosta.
47 Sus vi帽as destruy贸 con granizo, y sus higuerales con piedra;
48 y entreg贸 al pedrisco sus bestias, y al fuego sus ganados.
49 Envi贸 sobre ellos el furor de su sa帽a; ira, enojo, angustia, y 谩ngeles malos.
50 Dispuso el camino a su furor; no eximi贸 el alma de ellos de la muerte, sino que entreg贸 su vida a la mortandad.
51 E hiri贸 a todo primog茅nito en Egipto, las primicias de las fuerzas en las tiendas de Cam.
52 Hizo salir a su pueblo como ovejas, y los llev贸 por el desierto, como un reba帽o.
53 Y los pastore贸 con seguridad, que no tuvieron miedo; y el mar cubri贸 a sus enemigos.
54 Los meti贸 despu茅s en los t茅rminos de su santidad, en este monte que gan贸 su mano derecha.
55 Y ech贸 los gentiles de delante de ellos, y les reparti贸 una herencia con cuerdas; e hizo habitar en sus moradas a las tribus de Israel.
56 Mas tentaron y enojaron al Dios Alt铆simo, y no guardaron sus testimonios;
57 sino que se volvieron, y se rebelaron como sus padres; se volvieron como arco enga帽oso.
58 Y le enojaron con sus lugares altos, y le provocaron a celo con sus esculturas.
59 Lo oy贸 Dios, y se enoj贸, y en gran manera aborreci贸 a Israel.
60 Por esta causa dej贸 el tabern谩culo de Silo, la tienda en que habit贸 entre los hombres;
61 y dio en cautividad su fortaleza, y su gloria en mano del enemigo.
62 Entreg贸 tambi茅n su pueblo a cuchillo, y se air贸 contra su heredad.
63 El fuego devor贸 sus j贸venes, y sus v铆rgenes no fueron loadas en cantos nupciales .
64 Sus sacerdotes cayeron a cuchillo, y sus viudas no se lamentaron.
65 Entonces despert贸 el Se帽or a la manera del que ha dormido, como un valiente que grita a causa del vino:
66 e hiri贸 a sus enemigos en las partes posteriores; les dio perpetua afrenta.
67 Y aborreci贸 la tienda de Jos茅, y no escogi贸 la tribu de Efra铆n.
68 Sino que escogi贸 la tribu de Jud谩, el monte de Sion, al cual am贸.
69 Y edific贸 su santuario a manera de eminencia, como la tierra que ciment贸 para siempre.
70 Y eligi贸 a David su siervo, y lo tom贸 de las majadas de las ovejas;
71 de tras las paridas lo trajo, para que apacentase a Jacob su pueblo, y a Israel su heredad.
72 Y los apacent贸 con entereza de su coraz贸n; y los pastore贸 con la pericia de sus manos.

Psalm 78 Commentary

Chapter 78

Attention called for. (1-8) The history of Israel. (9-39) Their settlement in Canaan. (40-55) The mercies of God to Israel contrasted with their ingratitude. (56-72)

Verses 1-8 These are called dark and deep sayings, because they are carefully to be looked into. The law of God was given with a particular charge to teach it diligently to their children, that the church may abide for ever. Also, that the providences of God, both in mercy and in judgment, might encourage them to conform to the will of God. The works of God much strengthen our resolution to keep his commandments. Hypocrisy is the high road to apostacy; those that do not set their hearts right, will not be stedfast with God. Many parents, by negligence and wickedness, become murderers of their children. But young persons, though they are bound to submit in all things lawful, must not obey sinful orders, or copy sinful examples.

9-39. Sin dispirits men, and takes away the heart. Forgetfulness of God's works is the cause of disobedience to his laws. This narrative relates a struggle between God's goodness and man's badness. The Lord hears all our murmurings and distrusts, and is much displeased. Those that will not believe the power of God's mercy, shall feel the fire of his indignation. Those cannot be said to trust in God's salvation as their happiness at last, who can not trust his providence in the way to it. To all that by faith and prayer, ask, seek, and knock, these doors of heaven shall at any time be opened; and our distrust of God is a great aggravation of our sins. He expressed his resentment of their provocation; not in denying what they sinfully lusted after, but in granting it to them. Lust is contented with nothing. Those that indulge their lust, will never be estranged from it. Those hearts are hard indeed, that will neither be melted by the mercies of the Lord, nor broken by his judgments. Those that sin still, must expect to be in trouble still. And the reason why we live with so little comfort, and to so little purpose, is, because we do not live by faith. Under these rebukes they professed repentance, but they were not sincere, for they were not constant. In Israel's history we have a picture of our own hearts and lives. God's patience, and warnings, and mercies, imbolden them to harden their hearts against his word. And the history of kingdoms is much the same. Judgments and mercies have been little attended to, until the measure of their sins has been full. And higher advantages have not kept churches from declining from the commandments of God. Even true believers recollect, that for many a year they abused the kindness of Providence. When they come to heaven, how will they admire the Lord's patience and mercy in bringing them to his kingdom!

40-55. Let not those that receive mercy from God, be thereby made bold to sin, for the mercies they receive will hasten its punishment; yet let not those who are under Divine rebukes for sin, be discouraged from repentance. The Holy One of Israel will do what is most for his own glory, and what is most for their good. Their forgetting former favours, led them to limit God for the future. God made his own people to go forth like sheep; and guided them in the wilderness, as a shepherd his flock, with all care and tenderness. Thus the true Joshua, even Jesus, brings his church out of the wilderness; but no earthly Canaan, no worldly advantages, should make us forget that the church is in the wilderness while in this world, and that there remaineth a far more glorious rest for the people of God.

Verses 56-72 After the Israelites were settled in Canaan, the children were like their fathers. God gave them his testimonies, but they turned back. Presumptuous sins render even Israelites hateful to God's holiness, and exposed to his justice. Those whom the Lord forsakes become an easy prey to the destroyer. And sooner or later, God will disgrace his enemies. He set a good government over his people; a monarch after his own heart. With good reason does the psalmist make this finishing, crowning instance of God's favour to Israel; for David was a type of Christ, the great and good Shepherd, who was humbled first, and then exalted; and of whom it was foretold, that he should be filled with the Spirit of wisdom and understanding. On the uprightness of his heart, and the skilfulness of his hands, all his subjects may rely; and of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end. Every trial of human nature hitherto, confirms the testimony of Scripture, that the heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked, and nothing but being created anew by the Holy Ghost can cure the ungodliness of any.

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Chapter Summary

Maschil of Asaph. Or for "Asaph" {f}; a doctrinal and "instructive" psalm, as the word "Maschil" signifies; see Psalm 32:1, which was delivered to Asaph to be sung; the Targum is, "the understanding of the Holy Spirit by the hands of Asaph." Some think David was the penman of it; but from the latter part of it, in which mention is made of him, and of his government of the people of Israel, it looks as if it was wrote by another, and after his death, though not long after, since the account is carried on no further than his times; and therefore it is probable enough it was written by Asaph, the chief singer, that lived in that age: whoever was the penman of it, it is certain he was a prophet, and so was Asaph, who is called a seer, the same with a prophet, and who is said to prophesy, 2 Chronicles 29:30 and also that he represented Christ; for that the Messiah is the person that is introduced speaking in this psalm is clear from Matthew 13:34 and the whole may be considered as a discourse of his to the Jews of his time; giving them an history of the Israelites from their first coming out of Egypt to the times of David, and in it an account of the various benefits bestowed upon them, of their great ingratitude, and of the divine resentment; the design of which is to admonish and caution them against committing the like sins, lest they should be rejected of God, as their fathers were, and perish: some Jewish writers, as Arama observes, interpret this psalm of the children of Ephraim going out of Egypt before the time appointed.
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