1 Corinthians 13

1 Corinthians 13:1-13 . CHARITY OR LOVE SUPERIOR TO ALL GIFTS.

The New Testament psalm of love, as the forty-fifth Psalm (see Psalms 45:1 , title) and the Song of Solomon in the Old Testament.

1. tongues--from these he ascends to "prophecy" ( 1 Corinthians 13:2 ); then, to "faith"; then to benevolent and self-sacrificing deeds: a climax. He does not except even himself, and so passes from addressing them ("unto you," 1 Corinthians 12:31 ) to putting the case in his own person, "Though I," &c.
speak with the tongues--with the eloquence which was so much admired at Corinth (for example, Apollos, Acts 18:24 ; compare 1 Corinthians 1:12 , 1 Corinthians 3:21 1 Corinthians 3:22 ), and with the command of various languages, which some at Corinth abused to purposes of mere ostentation ( 1 Corinthians 14:2 , &c.).
of angels--higher than men, and therefore, it is to be supposed, speaking a more exalted language.
charity--the principle of the ordinary and more important gifts of the Spirit, as contrasted with the extraordinary gifts ( 1 Corinthians 12:1-31 ).
sounding . . . tinkling--sound without soul or feeling: such are "tongues" without charity.
cymbal--Two kinds are noticed ( Psalms 150:5 ), the loud or clear, and the high-sounding one: hand cymbals and finger cymbals, or castanets. The sound is sharp and piercing.

2. mysteries--( Romans 11:25 , 16:25 ). Mysteries refer to the deep counsels of God hitherto secret, but now revealed to His saints. Knowledge, to truths long known.
faith . . . remove mountains--( Matthew 17:20 , 21:21 ). The practical power of the will elevated by faith [NEANDER]; confidence in God that the miraculous result will surely follow the exercise of the will at the secret impulse of His Spirit. Without "love" prophecy, knowledge, and faith, are not what they seem (compare 1 Corinthians 8:1 1 Corinthians 8:2 , Matthew 7:22 , 2:14 ; compare 1 Corinthians 13:8 ), and so fail of the heavenly reward ( Matthew 6:2 ). Thus Paul, who teaches justification by faith only ( Romans 3:4 Romans 3:5 , Galatians 2:16 , 3:7-14 ), is shown to agree with James, who teaches ( James 2:24 ) "by works" (that is, by LOVE, which is the "spirit" of faith, James 2:26 ) a man is justified, "and not by faith only."

3. bestow . . . goods . . . poor--literally, "dole out in food" all my goods; one of the highest functions of the "helps" ( 1 Corinthians 12:28 ).
give . . . body to be burned--literally, "to such a degree as that I should be burned." As the three youths did ( Daniel 3:28 ), "yielded their bodies" (compare 2 Corinthians 12:15 ). These are most noble exemplifications of love in giving and in suffering. Yet they may be without love; in which case the "goods" and "body" are given, but not the soul, which is the sphere of love. Without the soul God rejects all else, and so rejects the man, who is therefore "profited" nothing ( Matthew 16:26 , Luke 9:23-25 ). Men will fight for Christianity, and die for Christianity, but not live in its spirit, which is love.