Luke 22
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CHAPTER 22
Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus (22:1-6)
(Matthew 26:1-5,14-16; Mark 14:12,10-11)
1-2 See Mark 14:1-2 and comment.
3-6 See Mark 14:10-11 and comment.
The Lord’s Supper (22:7-23)
(Matthew 26:17-30; Mark 14:12-26)
7-23 See Mark 14:12-26 and comment.
Teaching About Who Is Greatest (22:24-27)
(Matthew 20:25-28; Mark 10:42-45)
24-27 See Mark 10:42-45 and comment.
Jesus and His Disciples (22:28-38)
28-30 In verses 24-27, Jesus rebuked His disciples for seeking to be greatest. Now He gives them some praise. Up to that time they all had stood by Him in His trials. Therefore, Jesus said to them, “I confer on you a kingdom”—that is, rule or authority—“just as my Father conferred one on me” (verse 29). They will eat and drink at [Jesus’] table; that is, they will share in the joy of the kingdom of heaven. As the Father gave Christ all authority in heaven and earth (Matthew 28:18), so Christ will share His authority with His disciples. They will share in the work of judging the twelve tribes of Israel46 (see Matthew 19:28 and comment). Some Bible scholars believe that this means that they will have leadership in heaven over the “new Israel,” that is, the church.
As the disciples honored Christ in this life, so He will honor them in the next (see Matthew 25:21). But they must not seek honor for themselves; Christ Himself will honor them.
31 Then Jesus turned to Simon Peter and said, “Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sif t you47 as wheat.” Just as Satan asked that he might test Job (Job 1:6-12; 2:310), so he now asks that he might test the disciples. Satan hoped that the disciples would all blow away like the chaff. And indeed, the disciples did all run away when Jesus was arrested (Mark 14:50). It seemed like Satan had won.
32 But then Jesus prayed for Simon Peter himself, because he was the leader of the disciples. He prayed especially that Peter’s faith would not fail. Jesus knew that Peter would deny Him (verses 33-34), but it would be only for a short time. Then Peter would have to return and strengthen and lead the other disciples. And we can be certain that it was because of Christ’s prayers that Peter did return. If Christ is praying for us, our faith will stand (see Romans 8:34-37).
33-34 See Mark 14:27-31 and comment.
35-36 When the disciples first were sent out, they carried no purse, bag or sandals (see Mark 6:8-10). At that time people gave them hospitality wherever they went, so that they lacked nothing.
But now the situation was completely different. Jesus was about to be killed. The disciples would now be persecuted. Instead of receiving hospitality they would have to flee from town to town. Therefore, they would need purse and bag.
Not only that, Jesus said that they would need a sword also. Jesus did not mean a steel sword for fighting, but a spiritual sword. The disciples would need the sword of the Spirit, which is God’s word (Ephesians 6:17). They must be always ready for spiritual battle. Their spiritual weapons would be far more important than their ordinary clothes.
37 Then Jesus again predicted His suffering. As Isaiah had prophesied, Christ would be numbered with the transgressors (Isaiah 53:12). And so would His disciples be likewise. Therefore, they must be spiritually armed.
38 The disciples failed to understand Jesus’ meaning. They still thought Jesus was going to overcome His enemies with ordinary weapons. They should have known better. Jesus’ way was the way of love, not violence. Later, when Peter raised his sword, Jesus rebuked him (Luke 22:4951; John 18:10-11).
The disciples then showed Jesus two swords that they had with them. Jesus was discouraged that they hadn’t understood what kind of sword he had been talking about. He said, “That is enough,”48 meaning, “Enough said; the matter is finished.”
Gethsemane (22:39-46)
(Matthew 26:36-46; Mark 14:32-42)
39-46 See Mark 14:32-42 and comment.
Jesus Arrested (22:47-53)
(Matthew 26:47-56; Mark 14:43-52; John 18:1-11)
47-53 See Mark 14:43-52 and comment.
Peter Disowns Jesus (22:54-62)
(Matthew 26:69-75; Mark 14:66-72; John 18:15-18,25-27)
54-62 See Mark 14:66-72 and comment.
Jesus Before the Chief Priests (22:63-71)
(Matthew 26:57-68; Mark 14:53-65)
63-71 See Mark 14:53-65 and comment.