Job 27

11-23. These words are contrary to Job's previous sentiments (see notes on Job 21:22-33 , 24:22-25 ). They therefore seem to be Job's statement, not so much of his own sentiments, as of what Zophar would have said had he spoken when his turn came (end of the twenty-sixth chapter). So Job stated the friends' opinion ( Job 21:17-21 , 24:18-21 ). The objection is, why, if so, does not Job answer Zophar's opinion, as stated by himself? The fact is, it is probable that Job tacitly, by giving, in the twenty-eighth chapter, only a general answer, implies, that in spite of the wicked often dying, as he said, in prosperity, he does not mean to deny that the wicked are in the main dealt with according to right, and that God herein vindicates His moral government even here. Job therefore states Zophar's argument more strongly than Zophar would have done. But by comparing Job 27:13 with Job 20:29 ("portion," "heritage"), it will be seen, it is Zophar's argument, rather than his own, that Job states. Granting it to be true, implies Job, you ought not to use it as an argument to criminate me. For ( Job 28:1-28 ) the ways of divine wisdom in afflicting the godly are inscrutable: all that is sure to man is, the fear of the Lord is wisdom ( Job 28:28 ).
by the hand--rather, concerning the hand of God, namely, what God does in governing men.
with the Almighty--the counsel or principle which regulates God's dealings.

12. "Ye yourselves see" that the wicked often are afflicted (though often the reverse, Job 21:33 ). But do you "vainly" make this an argument to prove from my afflictions that I am wicked?

14. His family only increases to perish by sword or famine ( Jeremiah 18:21 ; Job 5:20 ,the converse).

15. Those that escape war and famine ( Job 27:14 ) shall be buried by the deadly plague--"death" ( Job 18:13 , Jeremiah 15:2 , Revelation 6:8 ). The plague of the Middle Ages was called "the black death." Buried by it implies that they would have none else but the death plague itself (poetically personified) to perform their funeral rites, that is, would have no one.
his--rather, "their widows." Transitions from singular to plural are frequent. Polygamy is not implied.

16. dust . . . clay--images of multitudes ( Zechariah 9:3 ). Many changes of raiment are a chief constituent of wealth in the East.

17. Introverted parallelism. Of the four clauses in the two verses, one answers to four, two to three (so Matthew 7:6 ).

18. ( Job 8:14 , 4:19 ). The transition is natural from "raiment" ( Job 27:16 ) to the "house" of the "moth" in it, and of it, when in its larva state. The moth worm's house is broken whenever the "raiment" is shaken out, so frail is it.
booth--a bough-formed hut which the guard of a vineyard raises for temporary shelter ( Isaiah 1:8 ).

19. gathered--buried honorably ( Genesis 25:8 , 2 Kings 22:20 ). But UMBREIT, agreeably to Job 27:18 , which describes the short continuance of the sinner's prosperity, "He layeth himself rich in his bed, and nothing is robbed from him, he openeth his eyes, and nothing more is there." If English Version be retained, the first clause probably means, rich though he be in dying, he shall not be honored with a funeral; the second, When he opens his eyes in the unseen world, it is only to see his destruction: the Septuagint reads for "not gathered," He does not proceed, that is, goes to his bed no more. So MAURER.

20. ( Job 18:11 , Job 22:11 Job 22:21 ). Like a sudden violent flood ( Isaiah 8:7 Isaiah 8:8 , Jeremiah 47:2 ): conversely ( Psalms 32:6 ).

21. ( Job 21:18 , 15:2 , Psalms 58:9 ).

22. cast--namely, thunderbolts ( Job 6:4 , 7:20 , 16:13 , Psalms 7:12 Psalms 7:13 ).

23. clap . . . hands--for joy at his downfall ( Lamentations 2:15 , Nahum 3:19 ).
hiss--deride ( Jeremiah 25:9 ). Job alludes to Bildad's words ( Job 18:18 ).