Proverbs 23

1 When thou sittest to eat with a ruler, consider well who is before thee;

2 and put a knife to thy throat, if thou be a man given to appetite.

3 Be not desirous of his dainties; for they are deceitful food.

4 Weary not thyself to become rich; cease from thine own intelligence:

5 wilt thou set thine eyes upon it, it is gone; for indeed it maketh itself wings and it flieth away as an eagle towards the heavens.

6 Eat thou not the food of him that hath an evil eye, neither desire thou his dainties.

7 For as he thinketh in his soul, so is he. Eat and drink! will he say unto thee; but his heart is not with thee.

8 Thy morsel which thou hast eaten must thou vomit up, and thou wilt have wasted thy sweet words.

9 Speak not in the ears of a foolish [man], for he will despise the wisdom of thy words.

10 Remove not the ancient landmark; and enter not into the fields of the fatherless:

11 for their redeemer is mighty; he will plead their cause against thee.

12 Apply thy heart unto instruction, and thine ears to the words of knowledge.

13 Withhold not correction from the child; for [if] thou beatest him with the rod, he shall not die:

14 thou shalt beat him with the rod, and shalt deliver his soul from Sheol

15 My son, if thy heart be wise, my heart shall rejoice, even mine;

16 and my reins shall exult, when thy lips speak right things.

17 Let not thy heart envy sinners, but [be thou] in the fear of Jehovah all the day;

18 for surely there is a result, and thine expectation shall not be cut off.

19 Thou, my son, hear and be wise, and direct thy heart in the way

20 Be not among winebibbers, among riotous eaters of flesh.

21 For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty; and drowsiness clotheth with rags

22 Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old.

23 Buy the truth, and sell it not; wisdom, and instruction, and intelligence.

24 The father of a righteous [man] shall greatly rejoice, and he that begetteth a wise [son] shall have joy of him:

25 let thy father and thy mother have joy, and let her that bore thee rejoice.

26 My son, give me thy heart, and let thine eyes observe my ways.

27 For a whore is a deep ditch; and a strange woman is a narrow pit.

28 She also lieth in wait as a robber, and increaseth the treacherous among men.

29 Who hath woe? Who hath sorrow? Who contentions? Who complaining? Who wounds without cause? Who redness of eyes?

30 -- They that tarry long at the wine; they that go to try mixed wine.

31 Look not upon the wine when it is red, when it sparkleth in the cup, and goeth down smoothly:

32 at the last it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an adder.

33 Thine eyes shall behold strange women, and thy heart shall speak froward things;

34 and thou shalt be as he that lieth down in the midst of the sea, and as he that lieth down upon the top of a mast:

35 -- ''They have smitten me, [and] I am not sore; they have beaten me, [and] I knew it not. When shall I awake? I will seek it yet again.''

Proverbs 23 Commentary

Chapter 23

Verses 1-3 God's restraints of the appetite only say, Do thyself no ( proverbs 23:4-5 ) this world are not happiness and a portion for a soul; those that hold them ever so fast, cannot hold them always, cannot hold them long. ( 6-8 ) . Do not make thyself burdensome to any, especially those not sincere. When we are called by God to his feast, and to let our souls delight themselves, Isa. 25:6 Isa. 55:2 |, we may safely partake of the Bread of life. Verse 9 . It is our duty to take all fit occasions to speak of Divine things; but if what a wise man says will not be heard, let him hold his ( proverbs 23:10-11 ) protection. He is their Redeemer, who will take their part; and he is mighty, almighty.

Verses 12-16 Here is a parent instructing his child to give his mind to the Scriptures. Here is a parent correcting his child: accompanied with prayer, and blessed of God, it may prove a means of preventing his destruction. Here is a parent encouraging his child, telling him what would be for his good. And what a comfort it would be, if herein he answered his ( proverbs 23:17-18 ) disappointed; the end of his trials, and of the sinner's prosperity, is at hand.

Verses 19-28 The gracious Saviour who purchased pardon and peace for his people, with all the affection of a tender parent, counsels us to hear and be wise, and is ready to guide our hearts in his way. Here we have an earnest call to young people, to attend to the advice of their godly parents. If the heart be guided, the steps will be guided. Buy the truth, and sell it not; be willing to part with any thing for it. Do not part with it for pleasures, honours, riches, or any thing in this world. The heart is what the great God requires. We must not think to divide the heart between God and the world; he will have all or none. Look to the rule of God's word, the conduct of his providence, and the good examples of his people. Particular cautions are given against sins most destructive to wisdom and grace in the soul. It is really a shame to make a god of the belly. Drunkenness stupifies men, and then all goes to ruin. Licentiousness takes away the heart that should be given to God. Take heed of any approaches toward this sin, it is very hard to retreat from it. It bewitches men to their ruin.

Verses 29-35 Solomon warns against drunkenness. Those that would be kept from sin, must keep from all the beginnings of it, and fear coming within reach of its allurements. Foresee the punishment, what it will at last end in, if repentance prevent not. It makes men quarrel. Drunkards wilfully make woe and sorrow for themselves. It makes men impure and insolent. The tongue grows unruly; the heart utters things contrary to reason, religion, and common civility. It stupifies and besots men. They are in danger of death, of damnation; as much exposed as if they slept upon the top of a mast, yet feel secure. They fear no peril when the terrors of the Lord are before them; they feel no pain when the judgments of God are actually upon them. So lost is a drunkard to virtue and honour, so wretchedly is his conscience seared, that he is not ashamed to say, I will seek it again. With good reason we were bid to stop before the beginning. Who that has common sense would contract a habit, or sell himself to a sin, which tends to such guilt and misery, and exposes a man every day to the danger of dying insensible, and awaking in hell? Wisdom seems in these chapters to take up the discourse as at the beginning of the book. They must be considered as the words of Christ to the sinner.

Footnotes

• [a]. See Note, ch. 3.5.
• [b]. Or 'correction:' see ver. 13 and ch. 1.2.
• [c]. Or 'but [let it covet] the fear.'
• [d]. Or 'end;' 'future,' as ch. 24.14,20: Ps. 37.37: see Note k, ver. 32.
• [e]. Or 'delight in.'
• [f]. Lit. 'Whose is, ''Oh!'' Whose is, ''woe is me!''?'
• [g]. Or 'darkening.'
• [h]. Or 'late.'
• [i]. Or 'in result;' lit. 'in its end:' as ver. 18.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO 1 KINGS 11

This chapter relates the false steps Solomon took, notwithstanding all his wisdom, in marrying strange wives, and worshipping other gods, 1Ki 11:1-8 upon which the Lord threatens him to rend the kingdom in his son's time, 1Ki 11:9-13 and he raised up adversaries against him, Hadad, Rezon, and Jeroboam, 1Ki 11:14-26 of which last an account is given, and of his being assured by Ahijah the prophet of his having ten of the tribes of Israel given to him; which Solomon having notice of sought to slay him, 1Ki 11:27-40 and the chapter is concluded with an account of Solomon's death and burial, 1Ki 11:41-43.