Esodo 17

1 POI tutta la raunanza de’ figliuoli d’Israele si partì dal deserto di Sin, movendosi da un luogo all’altro, secondo il comandamento del Signore: e si accampò in Refidim. Or non vi era acqua per lo bere del popolo.

2 E il popolo contese con Mosè, e disse: Dateci dell’acqua da bere. E Mosè disse loro: Perchè contendete voi meco? e perchè tentate il Signore?

3 Avendo adunque il popolo quivi sete di acqua, mormorò contro a Mosè, e disse: Perchè ci hai fatti salire fuor di Egitto, per far morir di sete, noi, i nostri figliuoli, e i nostri bestiami?

4 E Mosè gridò al Signore, dicendo: Che farò io a questo popolo? tantosto mi lapideranno.

5 E il Signore disse a Mosè: Passa davanti al popolo, e prendi teco degli Anziani d’Israele; piglia eziandio in mano la bacchetta con la quale tu percuotesti il fiume, e va’.

6 Ecco, io starò ivi davanti a te sopra la roccia in Horeb; e tu percuoterai la roccia, e d’essa uscirà acqua, e il popolo berrà. E Mosè fece così alla vista degli Anziani d’Israele.

7 E pose nome a quel luogo Massa, e Meriba, per la contesa de’ figliuoli d’Israele; e perchè essi aveano tentato il Signore, dicendo: Il Signore è egli nel mezzo di noi, o no?

8 ALLORA gli Amalechiti vennero per combattere contro agl’Israeliti, in Refidim.

9 E Mosè, disse a Giosuè: Sceglici degli uomini, ed esci fuori, e combatti contro agli Amalechiti; domani io mi fermerò in su la sommità del colle, avendo la bacchetta di Dio in mano.

10 E Giosuè fece come Mosè gli avea comandato, combattendo contro agli Amalechiti. E Mosè, Aaronne, e Hur, salirono in su la sommità del colle.

11 Or avvenne, che quando Mosè alzava la sua mano, gl’Israeliti vincevano; ma, quando egli la posava, gli Amalechiti vincevano.

12 Or essendo le mani di Mosè pesanti, Aaronne, ed Hur, presero una pietra, e la misero sotto lui, ed egli vi si pose sopra a sedere; ed Aaronne, e Hur, gli sostenevano le mani, l’un di qua, e l’altro di là; e così le sue mani furono ferme fino al tramontar del sole.

13 E Giosuè ruppe gli Amalechiti, e la lor gente, e li mise a fil di spada.

14 E il Signore disse a Mosè: Scrivi questa cosa per ricordanza, nel libro; e metti nell’orecchie di Giosuè che io del tutto spegnerò la memoria di Amalec di sotto al cielo.

15 E Mosè edificò un altare, al quale pose nome: Il Signore è la mia bandiera.

16 E disse: Certo, e’ v’è una mano in sul trono del Signore, che il Signore avrà per ogni età guerra con Amalec.

Esodo 17 Commentary

Chapter 17

The Israelites murmur for water at Rephidim, God sendeth it out of the rock. (1-7) Amalek overcome, The prayers of Moses. (8-16)

Verses 1-7 The children of Israel journeyed according to the commandment of the Lord, led by the pillar of cloud and fire, yet they came to a place where there was no water for them to drink. We may be in the way of duty, yet may meet with troubles, which Providence brings us into, for the trial of our faith, and that God may be glorified in our relief. They began to question whether God was with them or not. This is called their "tempting God," which signifies distrust of him after they had received such proofs of his power and goodness. Moses mildly answered them. It is folly to answer passion with passion; that makes bad worse. God graciously appeared to help them. How wonderful the patience and forbearance of God toward provoking sinners! That he might show his power as well as his pity, and make it a miracle of mercy, he gave them water out of a rock. God can open fountains for us where we least expect them. Those who, in this wilderness, keep to God's way, may trust him to provide for them. Also, let this direct us to depend on Christ's grace. The ( 1 Corinthians. 10:4 ) him. While the curse of God might justly have been executed upon our guilty souls, behold the Son of God is smitten for us. Let us ask and receive. There was a constant, abundant supply of this water. Numerous as believers are, the supply of the Spirit of Christ is enough for all. The water flowed from the rock in streams to refresh the wilderness, and attended them on their way towards Canaan; and this water flows from Christ, through the ordinances, in the barren wilderness of this world, to refresh our souls, until we come to glory. A new name was given to the place, in remembrance, not of the mercy of their supply, but of the sin of their murmuring: "Massah," Temptation, because they tempted God; "Meribah," Strife, because they chid with Moses. Sin leaves a blot upon the name.

Verses 8-16 Israel engaged with Amalek in their own necessary defence. God makes his people able, and calls them to various services for the good of his church. Joshua fights, Moses prays, both minister to Israel. The rod was held up, as the banner to encourage the soldiers. Also to God, by way of appeal to him. Moses was tired. The strongest arm will fail with being long held out; it is God only whose hand is stretched out still. We do not find that Joshua's hands were heavy in fighting, but Moses' hands were heavy in praying; the more spiritual any service is, the more apt we are to fail and flag in it. To convince Israel that the hand of Moses, whom they had been chiding, did more for their safety than their own hands, his rod than their sword, the success rises and falls as Moses lifts up or lets down his hands. The church's cause is more or less successful, as her friends are more or less strong in faith, and fervent in prayer. Moses, the man of God, is glad of help. We should not be shy, either of asking help from others, or of giving help to others. The hands of Moses being thus stayed, were steady till the going down of the sun. It was great encouragement to the people to see Joshua before them in the field of battle, and Moses above them on the hill. Christ is both to us; our Joshua, the Captain of our salvation, who fights our battles, and our Moses, who ever lives, making intercession above, that our faith fail not. Weapons formed against God's Israel cannot prosper long, and shall be broken at last. Moses must write what had been done, what Amalek had done against Israel; write their bitter hatred; write their cruel attempts; let them never be forgotten, nor what God had done for Israel in saving them from Amalek. Write what should be done; that in process of time Amalek should be totally ruined and rooted out. Amalek's destruction was typical of the destruction of all the enemies of Christ and his kingdom.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO EXODUS 17

The children of Israel coming to Rephidim, want water, and chide with Moses about it, who, crying to the Lord, is bid to smite the rock, from whence came water for them, and he named the place from their contention with him, Ex 17:1-7 at this place Amalek came and fought with Israel, who, through the prayer of Moses, signified by the holding up of his hands, and by the sword of Joshua, was vanquished, Ex 17:8-13, for the remembrance of which it was ordered to be recorded in a book, and an altar was built with this inscription on it, "Jehovahnissi": it being the will of God that Amalek should be fought with in every generation until utterly destroyed, Ex 17:14-16.