Numeri 21

1 OR avendo il Cananeo, re di Arad, che abitava verso il Mezzodì, inteso che Israele se ne veniva per lo cammino delle spie, combattè contro a Israele, e ne menò alcuni prigioni.

2 Allora Israele votò un voto al Signore, e disse: Se pur tu mi dài questo popolo nelle mani, io distruggerò le lor città nella maniera dell’interdetto.

3 E il Signore esaudì la voce d’Israele, e gli diede nelle mani que’ Cananei; ed egli distrusse loro, e le lor città, nella maniera dell’interdetto; perciò pose nome a quel luogo Horma.

4 Poi gl’Israeliti si partirono dal monte di Hor, traendo verso il mar rosso, per circuire il paese di Edom; e l’animo venne meno al popolo per lo cammino.

5 E il popolo parlò contro a Dio, e contro a Mosè, dicendo: Perchè ci avete voi tratti fuor di Egitto, acciocchè muoiamo in questo deserto? conciossiachè non vi sia nè pane alcuno, nè acqua; e l’anima nostra è tutta svogliata di questo pane tanto leggiero.

6 Allora il Signore mandò contro al popolo de’ serpenti ardenti, i quali mordevano il popolo; onde molta gente d’Israele morì.

7 E il popolo venne a Mosè, e disse: Noi abbiamo peccato; conciossiachè abbiamo parlato contro al Signore, e contro a te; prega il Signore che rimova d’addosso a noi i serpenti. E Mosè pregò per lo popolo.

8 E il Signore disse a Mosè: Fatti un serpente ardente, e mettilo sopra un’antenna; e avverrà che chiunque sarà morso, riguardando quello, scamperà.

9 E Mosè fece un serpente di rame, e lo mise sopra una antenna; e avveniva che, se un serpente avea morso alcuno, ed egli riguardava al serpente di rame, egli scampava.

10 POI i figliuoli d’Israele si mossero, e si accamparono in Obot.

11 E, partitisi di Obot, si accamparono a’ Poggi di Abarim, nel deserto ch’è dirimpetto al paese di Moab, dal sol levante.

12 Poi si mossero di là, e si accamparono nella valle di Zered.

13 Poi si partirono di là, e si accamparono lungo il fiume di Arnon, che è nel deserto; il quale si sporge innanzi dai confini degli Amorrei; perciocchè Arnon è il confine di Moab, fra Moab e gli Amorrei.

14 Perciò è detto nel Libro delle battaglie del Signore, Vaheb in Suf, e i fiumi di Arnon,

15 e il letto del fiume, che si volge là dove siede Ar, e tocca i confini di Moab.

16 E di là giunsero in Beer Quest’è il pozzo del quale il Signore disse a Mosè: Aduna il popolo, e io darò loro dell’acqua.

17 Allora Israele cantò questo cantico: Sali, o pozzo; cantategli:

18 Pozzo, che i principali hanno cavato; Che i nobili d’infra il popolo hanno tagliato nel sasso, Col Legislatore, avendo in mano i lor bastoni. Poi, dal deserto giunsero in Mattana.

19 E da Mattana in Nahaliel, e da Nahaliel in Bamot.

20 E da Bamot nella valle che è nel territorio di Moab, in capo di Pisga, e riguarda verso il deserto.

21 Allora Israele mandò ambasciatori a Sihon, re degli Amorrei, a dirgli:

22 Lascia ch’io passi per lo tuo paese; noi non ci rivolgeremo nè in campi, nè in vigne, e non berremo alcun’acqua di pozzo; noi cammineremo per la strada reale, finchè siamo passati i tuoi confini.

23 Ma Sihon non concedette a Israele di passar per li suoi confini; anzi adunò tutta la sua gente, e uscì fuori incontro a Israele, nel deserto; e venne in Iaas, e combattè con Israele.

24 E Israele lo sconfisse, e lo mise a fil di spada, e conquistò il suo paese, ch’era da Arnon fino a Iabboc, fino al paese de’ figliuoli di Ammon; perciocchè la frontiera de’ figliuoli di Ammon era forte.

25 E Israele prese tutte le città ch’erano in quel paese, e abitò in tutte le città degli Amorrei, cioè in Hesbon, e in tutte le terre del suo territorio.

26 Perciocchè Hesbon era la città di Sihon, re degli Amorrei, il quale era stato il primo che avea guerreggiato contro al re di Moab, e gli avea tolto tutto il suo paese, fino all’Arnon.

27 Perciò dicono i poeti: Venite in Hesbon; Sia riedificata e ristorata la città di Sihon.

28 Perciocchè un fuoco uscì già di Hesbon, E una fiamma della città di Sihon, E consumò Ar di Moab, Gli abitanti di Bamot-Arnon.

29 Guai a te, Moab! O popolo di Chemos, tu sei perito; Esso ha dati i suoi figliuoli ch’erano scampati, E le sue figliuole, in cattività A Sihon, re degli Amorrei.

30 Ma noi li abbiamo sconfitti. Hesbon è perito fino a Dibon; E noi li abbiamo distrutti fino a Nofa, Che arriva fino a Medeba.

31 E Israele abitò nel paese degli Amorrei.

32 Poi Mosè mandò a spiare Iazer: e gli Israeliti presero le terre del suo territorio; e ne cacciarono gli Amorrei che vi erano.

33 Poi, voltatisi, salirono per lo cammino di Basan; e Og, re di Basan, uscì incontro a loro, con tutta la sua gente, in battaglia, in Edrei.

34 E il Signore disse a Mosè: Non temerlo; perciocchè io ti ho dato nelle mani lui, e tutta la sua gente, e il suo paese; e fagli come tu hai fatto a Sihon, re degli Amorrei, che abitava in Hesbon.

35 Gl’Israeliti adunque percossero lui, e i suoi figliuoli, e tutto il suo popolo; talchè non ne lasciarono alcuno in vita; e conquistarono il suo paese.

Numeri 21 Commentary

Chapter 21

The Canaanites of Arad destroyed. (1-3) The people murmuring, are plagued with fiery serpents, They repenting, are healed through the brazen serpent. (4-9) Further journeys of the Israelites. (10-20) Sihon and Og overcome, Their land possessed. (21-35)

Verses 1-3 Before the people began their march round the country of Edom, the king of Arad, a Canaanite, who inhabited the southern part of the country, attacked them in the wilderness, and took some prisoners. This was to lead the Israelites to look more thoroughly to the Lord.

Verses 4-9 The children of Israel were wearied by a long march round the land of Edom. They speak discontentedly of what God had done for them, and distrustfully of what he would do. What will they be pleased with, whom manna will not please? Let not the contempt which some cast on the word of God, make us value it less. It is the bread of life, substantial bread, and will nourish those who by faith feed upon it, to eternal life, whoever may call it light bread. We see the righteous judgment God brought upon them for murmuring. He sent fiery serpents among them, which bit or stung many to death. It is to be feared that they would not have owned the sin, if they had not felt the smart; but they relent under the rod. And God made a wonderful provision for their relief. The Jews themselves say it was not the sight of the brazen serpent that cured; but in looking up to it, they looked up to God as the Lord that healed them. There was much gospel in this. Our Saviour declared, ( john 3:14 john 3:15 ) , that as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so the Son of man must be lifted up, that whatsoever believeth in him, should not perish. Compare their disease and ours. Sin bites like a serpent, and stings like an adder. Compare the application of their remedy and ours. They looked and lived, and we, if we believe, shall not perish. It is by faith that we look unto Jesus, ( Hebrews 12:2 ) . Whosoever looked, however desperate his case, or feeble his sight, or distant his place, was certainly and perfectly cured. The Lord can relieve us from dangers and distresses, by means which human reason never would have devised. Oh that the venom of the old serpent, inflaming men's passions, and causing them to commit sins which end in their eternal destruction, were as sensibly felt, and the danger as plainly seen, as the Israelites felt pain from the bite of the fiery serpents, and feared the death which followed! Then none would shut their eyes to Christ, or turn from his gospel. Then a crucified Saviour would be so valued, that all things else would be accounted loss for him; then, without delay, and with earnestness and simplicity, all would apply to him in the appointed way, crying, Lord, save us; we perish! Nor would any abuse the freeness of Christ's salvation, while they reckoned the price which it cost him.

Verses 10-20 We have here the removes of the children of Israel, till they came to the plains of Moab, from whence they passed over Jordan into Canaan. The end of their pilgrimage was near. "They set forward." It were well if we did thus; and the nearer we come to heaven, were so much the more active and abundant in the work of the Lord. The wonderful success God granted to his people, is here spoken of, and, among the rest, their actions on the river Arnon, at Vaheb in Suphah, and other places on that river. In every stage of our lives, nay, in every step, we should notice what God has wrought for us; what he did at such a time, and what in such a place, ought to be distinctly remembered. God blessed his people with a supply of water. When we come to heaven, we shall remove to the well of life, the fountain of living waters. They received it with joy and thankfulness, which made the mercy doubly sweet. With joy must we draw water out of the wells of salvation, ( Isaiah 12:3 ) . As the brazen serpent was a figure of Christ, who is lifted up for our cure, so is this well a figure of the Spirit, who is poured forth for our comfort, and from whom flow to us rivers of living waters, ( john 7:38 john 7:39 ) . Does this well spring up in our souls? If so, we should take the comfort to ourselves, and give the glory to God. God promised to give water, but they must open the ground. God's favours must be expected in the use of such means as are within our power, but still the power is only of God.

Verses 21-35 Sihon went with his forces against Israel, out of his own borders, without provocation, and so ran upon his own ruin. The enemies of God's church often perish by the counsels they think most wisely taken. Og, king of Bashan, instead of being warned by the fate of his neighbours, to make peace with Israel, makes war with them, which proves in like manner his destruction. Wicked men do their utmost to secure themselves and their possessions against the judgments of God; but all in vain, when the day comes on which they must fall. God gave Israel success, while Moses was with them, that he might see the beginning of the glorious work, though he must not live to see it finished. This was, in comparison, but as the day of small things, yet it was an earnest of great things. We must prepare for fresh conflicts and enemies. We must make no peace or truce with the powers of darkness, nor even treat with them; nor should we expect any pause in our contest. But, trusting in God, and obeying his commands, we shall be more than conquerors over every enemy.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 21

This chapter gives an account of the defeat of King Arad, the Canaanite, Nu 21:1-3 of the murmurings of the children of Israel, because of difficulties in travelling round, the land of Edom, for which they were punished with fiery serpents, Nu 21:4-6 and how that upon their repentance a brazen serpent was ordered to be made, and to be erected on a pole, that whoever looked to it might live, Nu 21:7-9 and of the several journeys and stations of the children of Israel, until they came to the land of the Amorites, Nu 21:10-20, when they sent a message to Sihon their king, to desire him to grant them a passage through his country; but he refusing, they fought with him, smote him, and possessed his land, concerning which many proverbial sayings were used, Nu 21:21-32 and the chapter is concluded with the defeat of Og, king of Bashan, Nu 21:33-35.