For the word of God is quick and powerful
This is to be understood of Christ, the essential Word of God;
for the Word of God was a known name of the Messiah among the
Jews; (See Gill on John
1:1) and therefore the apostle makes use of it when
writing to them: and the words are introduced as a reason why
care should be taken, that men fall not off from the Gospel,
because Christ, the author, sum, and substance of it, is the
living God, omnipotent and omniscient; for not a thing, but a
person is spoken of, who is a Judge, and a critical discerner of
the secrets of men's hearts: and certain it is, that this Word is
spoken of as a person, and is said to be a priest in the
following verses; to which may be added, that the several things
said of the Word exactly agree with Christ: he is "the Word of
God"; as the word is the birth of the mind, he is the only
begotten of the Father; he is the Word that spoke for the elect
in the council and covenant of grace, and that spoke all things
out of nothing in creation; he is the Word that has been
promised, and spoken of by the prophets from the beginning of the
world; and is the interpreter of his Father's mind, and our
Advocate with the Father: he is
quick,
or, as it may be better rendered, "living"; he has life in
himself as God, he is the living God; he is the living Redeemer
and Mediator, and he lives for ever as man; he is the author and
giver of life, natural, spiritual, and eternal: and he is
powerful, as he appears to be in the creation and sustaining of
all things; in his miracles and ministrations; in the work of
man's redemption; in the preservation of his people, and in his
advocacy and intercession:
and sharper than any twoedged sword;
or "more cutting than one", by the words of his mouth, by the
power of his Spirit, and the efficacy of his grace; for his mouth
itself is as a sharp sword, and out of it comes forth one, (
Isaiah 49:2 )
( Revelation 19:13
Revelation 19:15 ) by
which he pierces the hearts of men, cuts them to the quick, and
lays them open. Jehovah is called a twoedged sword with the Jews
F13; and Philo the Jew speaks of the
flaming sword of the Logos F14.
Piercing even to the dividing asunder soul and spirit, and
of the
joints and marrow;
the like property Philo the Jew ascribes to the "Logos", or Word;
he calls him (tomeuv) , "a
cutter", and says he cuts and divides all things, even all
sensible things, yea, atoms, and things indivisible F15; the
apostle seems here to have respect to the several names with
which the soul of man is called by the Jews, (hmvnw xwr vqn) , "soul, spirit, and
breath" F16; the latter of these, they say,
dwells between the other two. Some by the soul understand the
natural and unregenerate part in man, and by the spirit the
renewed and regenerate part, which though sometimes are not so
easily distinguished by men, yet they are by Christ; others think
the soul designs the inferior faculties, the affections; and the
spirit the superior ones, the mind and understanding; but the
apostle's meaning seems to be this, that whereas the soul and
spirit are invisible, and the joints and marrow are covered and
hid; so sharp and quick sighted, and so penetrating is the divine
Word, that it reaches the most secret and hidden things of men:
and this sense is confirmed by what follows,
and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the
heart;
Christ knows what is in man; he is the searcher of the hearts,
and the trier of the reins of the children of men; and this will
be more apparent at the last day, when he will make manifest the
counsels of the heart, and will critically inquire, and
accurately judge of them.