Lamentations 1:3

3 Juda s'est exilé devant l'affliction et la grandeur de sa servitude; il demeure au milieu des nations, et il n'y trouve point de repos; tous ses persécuteurs l'ont saisi dans l'angoisse.

Lamentations 1:3 Meaning and Commentary

Lamentations 1:3

Judah is gone into captivity
Not only Jerusalem the metropolis of Judea was destroyed, but the whole country was ravaged, and the inhabitants of it carried captive into Babylon: because of affliction, and because of great servitude;
because of their sins in oppressing and afflicting their poor brethren, and retaining them in a state of bondage after their seven years' servitude, contrary to the law of God; for which they were threatened with captivity, ( Jeremiah 34:13-22 ) ; so the Targum,

``the house of Judah went into captivity, because they afflicted the fatherless and the widows; and because of the multitude of service which they caused their brethren the children of Israel to serve, who were sold unto them; and they did not proclaim liberty to their servants and maidens, who were of the seed of Israel:''

or, "through affliction, and through great servitude" ^F12; that is, through the affliction and servitude they suffered by the Chaldeans, into whose hands they fell; though some understand it of the Jews, who, to escape the affliction and servitude of the Chaldeans, went into a kind of voluntary captivity, fleeing to the countries of Moab, Ammon, and Edom, during the siege of Jerusalem by the Chaldeans; see ( Jeremiah 40:11 Jeremiah 40:12 ) ; she dwelleth among the Heathen; the uncircumcised and the unclean;
and so was deprived of both her civil and religious liberties; having no opportunity of worshipping God, and enjoying him in his courts, as formerly; and which must be very uncomfortable living, especially to those who were truly gracious: she findeth no rest.
The Targum adds,

``because of the hard service to which they subjected her;''

she found no natural rest, being carried from place to place; nor civil rest, being kept in hard bondage; nor spiritual rest, being deprived of the worship and ordinances of God; and being conscious of her sins, which had brought all this misery on her: all her persecutors overtook her between the straits;
having hunted her as men hunt wild beasts, and get them into some strait and difficult place, and then seize on them. The Targum interprets it, between the borders; or between the hedges, as Ben Melech; and so Jarchi, of the borders of a field and vineyard; and of a ditch on the one side and the other, that there is no room to escape; and who makes mention of a Midrash, that explains it not of place, but time, between the seventeenth day of Tammuz, and the ninth of Ab; see ( Jeremiah 52:7 Jeremiah 52:8 ) .

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FOOTNOTES:

F12 (ynem) "per afflictionem"; (j) "hic, non [prae], sed per significat", Grotius; "[vel] prae afflictione, [sub.] a Chaldaeis perpessa"; so some in Vatablus.

Lamentations 1:3 In-Context

1 Comment est-elle assise solitaire, la ville si peuplée! Celle qui était grande entre les nations est semblable à une veuve; la princesse des provinces est devenue tributaire!

2 Elle pleure durant la nuit, et les larmes couvrent ses joues; de tous ceux qu'elle aimait aucun ne la console; tous ses amis ont agi perfidement contre elle, ils sont devenus ses ennemis.

3 Juda s'est exilé devant l'affliction et la grandeur de sa servitude; il demeure au milieu des nations, et il n'y trouve point de repos; tous ses persécuteurs l'ont saisi dans l'angoisse.

4 Les chemins de Sion sont dans le deuil, car personne ne vient plus aux fêtes solennelles; toutes ses portes sont désertes, ses sacrificateurs gémissent, ses vierges sont désolées, et elle est remplie d'amertume.

5 Ses adversaires ont le dessus, ses ennemis prospèrent; car l'Éternel l'a affligée, à cause de la multitude de ses forfaits; ses petits enfants ont marché captifs devant l'ennemi.