2 Samuel 13

1 factum est autem post haec ut Absalom filii David sororem speciosissimam vocabulo Thamar adamaret Amnon filius David
2 et deperiret eam valde ita ut aegrotaret propter amorem eius quia cum esset virgo difficile ei videbatur ut quippiam inhoneste ageret cum ea
3 erat autem Amnonis amicus nomine Ionadab filius Semaa fratris David vir prudens valde
4 qui dixit ad eum quare sic adtenuaris macie fili regis per singulos dies cur non indicas mihi dixitque ei Amnon Thamar sororem Absalom fratris mei amo
5 cui respondit Ionadab cuba super lectulum tuum et languorem simula cumque venerit pater tuus ut visitet te dic ei veniat oro Thamar soror mea ut det mihi cibum et faciat pulmentum ut comedam de manu eius
6 accubuit itaque Amnon et quasi aegrotare coepit cumque venisset rex ad visitandum eum ait Amnon ad regem veniat obsecro Thamar soror mea ut faciat in oculis meis duas sorbitiunculas et cibum capiam de manu eius
7 misit ergo David ad Thamar domum dicens veni in domum Amnon fratris tui et fac ei pulmentum
8 venitque Thamar in domum Amnon fratris sui ille autem iacebat quae tollens farinam commiscuit et liquefaciens in oculis eius coxit sorbitiunculas
9 tollensque quod coxerat effudit et posuit coram eo et noluit comedere dixitque Amnon eicite universos a me cumque eiecissent omnes
10 dixit Amnon ad Thamar infer cibum in conclave ut vescar de manu tua tulit ergo Thamar sorbitiunculas quas fecerat et intulit ad Amnon fratrem suum in conclave
11 cumque obtulisset ei cibum adprehendit eam et ait veni cuba mecum soror mea
12 quae respondit ei noli frater mi noli opprimere me neque enim hoc fas est in Israhel noli facere stultitiam hanc
13 et ego enim ferre non potero obprobrium meum et tu eris quasi unus de insipientibus in Israhel quin potius loquere ad regem et non negabit me tibi
14 noluit autem adquiescere precibus eius sed praevalens viribus oppressit eam et cubavit cum illa
15 et exosam eam habuit Amnon magno odio nimis ita ut maius esset odium quo oderat eam amore quo ante dilexerat dixitque ei Amnon surge vade
16 quae respondit ei maius est hoc malum quod nunc agis adversum me quam quod ante fecisti expellens me et noluit audire eam
17 sed vocato puero qui ministrabat ei dixit eice hanc a me foras et claude ostium post eam
18 quae induta erat talari tunica huiuscemodi enim filiae regis virgines vestibus utebantur eiecit itaque eam minister illius foras clausitque fores post eam
19 quae aspergens cinerem capiti suo scissa talari tunica inpositisque manibus super caput suum ibat ingrediens et clamans
20 dixit autem ei Absalom frater suus num Amnon frater tuus concubuit tecum sed nunc soror tace frater tuus est neque adfligas cor tuum pro re hac mansit itaque Thamar contabescens in domo Absalom fratris sui
21 cum autem audisset rex David verba haec contristatus est valde
22 porro non est locutus Absalom ad Amnon nec malum nec bonum oderat enim Absalom Amnon eo quod violasset Thamar sororem suam
23 factum est autem post tempus biennii ut tonderentur oves Absalom in Baalasor quae est iuxta Ephraim et vocavit Absalom omnes filios regis
24 venitque ad regem et ait ad eum ecce tondentur oves servi tui veniat oro rex cum servis suis ad servum suum
25 dixitque rex ad Absalom noli fili mi noli rogare ut veniamus omnes et gravemus te cum autem cogeret eum et noluisset ire benedixit ei
26 et ait Absalom si non vis venire veniat obsecro nobiscum saltem Amnon frater meus dixitque ad eum rex non est necesse ut vadat tecum
27 coegit itaque eum Absalom et dimisit cum eo Amnon et universos filios regis
28 praeceperat autem Absalom pueris suis dicens observate cum temulentus fuerit Amnon vino et dixero vobis percutite eum et interficite nolite timere ego enim sum qui praecepi vobis roboramini et estote viri fortes
29 fecerunt ergo pueri Absalom adversum Amnon sicut praeceperat eis Absalom surgentesque omnes filii regis ascenderunt singuli mulas suas et fugerunt
30 cumque adhuc pergerent in itinere fama praevenit ad David dicens percussit Absalom omnes filios regis et non remansit ex eis saltem unus
31 surrexit itaque rex et scidit vestimenta sua et cecidit super terram et omnes servi ipsius qui adsistebant ei sciderunt vestimenta sua
32 respondens autem Ionadab filius Samaa fratris David dixit ne aestimet dominus meus quod omnes pueri filii regis occisi sint Amnon solus mortuus est quoniam in ore Absalom erat positus ex die qua oppressit Thamar sororem eius
33 nunc ergo ne ponat dominus meus rex super cor suum verbum istud dicens omnes filii regis occisi sunt quoniam Amnon solus mortuus est
34 fugit autem Absalom et levavit puer speculator oculos suos et aspexit et ecce populus multus veniebat per iter devium ex latere montis
35 dixit autem Ionadab ad regem ecce filii regis adsunt iuxta verbum servi tui sic factum est
36 cumque cessasset loqui apparuerunt et filii regis et intrantes levaverunt vocem suam et fleverunt sed et rex et omnes servi eius fleverunt ploratu magno nimis
37 porro Absalom fugiens abiit ad Tholomai filium Amiur regem Gessur luxit ergo David filium suum cunctis diebus
38 Absalom autem cum fugisset et venisset in Gessur fuit ibi tribus annis
39 cessavitque David rex persequi Absalom eo quod consolatus esset super Amnon interitu

2 Samuel 13 Commentary

Chapter 13

Ammon's violence to his sister. (1-20) Absalom murders his brother Ammon. (21-29) David's grief, Absalom flees to Geshur. (30-39)

Verses 1-20 From henceforward David was followed with one trouble after another. Adultery and murder were David's sins, the like sins among his children were the beginnings of his punishment: he was too indulgent to his children. Thus David might trace the sins of his children to his own misconduct, which must have made the anguish of the chastisement worse. Let no one ever expect good treatment from those who are capable of attempting their seduction; but it is better to suffer the greatest wrong than to commit the least sin.

Verses 21-29 Observe the aggravations of Absalom's sin: he would have Ammon slain, when least fit to go out of the world. He engaged his servants in the guilt. Those servants are ill-taught who obey wicked masters, against God's commands. Indulged children always prove crosses to godly parents, whose foolish love leads them to neglect their duty to God.

Verses 30-39 Jonadab was as guilty of Ammon's death, as of his sin; such false friends do they prove, who counsel us to do wickedly. Instead of loathing Absalom as a murderer, David, after a time, longed to go forth to him. This was David's infirmity: God saw something in his heart that made a difference, else we should have thought that he, as much as Eli, honoured his sons more than God.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO SECOND SAMUEL 13

This chapter relates some of the evils that were to arise out of David's house, and which were similar to the evils committed by him; the deflowering of his daughter, and the murder of his eldest son: the story is this; Amnon falls in love with Tamar, his sister, and grew thin upon it, which being observed by a friend of his, inquires the reason of it, which having got out of him, forms a scheme for obtaining his desire, and which succeeded; for by it he had the opportunity of ravishing his sister, 2Sa 13:1-14; the consequences of which were extreme hatred of her, hurrying her out of doors, lamentation and mourning on her part, grief to David, and enmity in the heart of Absalom to Amnon, which put him upon meditating his death, 2Sa 13:15-22; and which was brought about after this manner. Absalom had a sheep shearing, to which he invited the king and all his sons, and to which they all came excepting the king, 2Sa 13:23-27; when Absalom gave orders to his servants to observe Amnon when he was merry, and at his word smite him and kill him, as they did, 2Sa 13:28,29; tidings of which soon came to the ears of David, and these aggravated, that all the king's sons were killed, which threw the king into an agony; but Jonadab endeavoured to pacify him, by assuring him that only Amnon was dead, the truth of which soon appeared by the coming of the king's sons, 2Sa 13:30-36; but Absalom fled to Geshur, where he remained three years, when David's heart began to be towards him, and to long for him, who was to bring more evil against him, 2Sa 13:37-39.

2 Samuel 13 Commentaries

The Latin Vulgate is in the public domain.